arranged into a polyphonic canon. It is also apparent that the tune from "The East is Red" is persistent throughout the entire movement; among the various versions of the Yellow River Concerto that are currently in circulation, including Yin Chengzong's film recording, we can hear a recapitulation of the theme of "Defending the Yellow River" played canonically against the strings after the climatic tutti of "The East is Red". Then the first phrase of "The East is Red" is played by the trumpet, and tightly followed by the final phrase of the "Internationale", as an example of thematic writing huan wei (換尾; literally "Changing the end") that is often found in traditional Chinese music. Instrumentation The concerto is scored for a solo piano and orchestra of piccolo, dizi (Chinese flute), 2 flutes, 2 oboes, 2 clarinets (in B-flat), 2 bassoons, 4 horns (in F), 2 trumpets (in B-flat), 3 trombones, timpani, triangle, cymbals (suspended), harp, pipa (though not all editions of the score show this), and strings. Notable recordings Ilana Vered pianist with National Philharmonic Orchestra conducted by Elgar Howarth Xiang-Dong Kong pianist with China Philharmonic Orchestra conducted by Mak Ka Lok Lang Lang pianist with China Philharmonic Orchestra conducted by Long Yu Yundi Li pianist with China NCPA Concert Hall Orchestra conducted by Zuochuang Chen Shi Shucheng pianist with Central Philharmonic Society of China conducted by Han Zhongjie Yin Chengzong pianist with Czecho-Slovak Radio Symphony Orchestra conducted by Adrian Leaper Daniel Epstein pianist with The Philadelphia Orchestra conducted by Eugene Ormandy Historical performances The Austrian-Taiwanese pianist Ruei-Bin Chen was the designated soloist who performed the Yellow River Concerto at the Expo 2010, with Shanghai Chinese Orchestra conducted by Wang Fujian. See also Chinese orchestra References External links Xinghai Yellow River Piano Concerto The Review for Shanghai Chinese Orchestra's The Ballad of Spring II Concert, 2010 Piano concertos Chinese classical music 1939 compositions