Knights of Death [act 3], and the whole of act 4." But he does mention one other important thing which has come up in the earlier operas as well, especially I due Foscari, the difference between the "public" and the "private" aspects of the opera. Recordings ReferencesNotesSources''' Baldini, Gabriele (1970), (trans. Roger Parker, 1980), The Story of Giuseppe Verdi: Oberto to Un Ballo in Maschera. Cambridge, et al: Cambridge University Press. Black, John (1984), The Italian Romantic Libretto: A Study of Salvadore Cammarano, Edinburgh University Press. Budden, Julian (1984), The Operas of Verdi, Volume 1: From Oberto to Rigoletto. London: Cassell. . De Van, Gilles (trans. Gilda Roberts) (1998), Verdi’s Theater: Creating Drama Through Music. Chicago & London: University of Chicago Press. (hardback), Gossett, Philip (2006), Divas and Scholar: Performing Italian Opera, Chicago: University of Chicago Press. Kimbell, David (2001), in Holden, Amanda (Ed.), The New Penguin Opera Guide, New York: Penguin Putnam, 2001. Martin, George, Verdi: His Music, Life and Times (1983), New York: Dodd, Mead and Company. Parker, Roger (2007), The New Grove Guide to Verdi and His Operas, Oxford & New York: Oxford University Press. Pistone, Danièle (1995), Nineteenth-Century Italian Opera: From Rossini to Puccini, Portland, OR: Amadeus Press. Osborne, Charles (1969), The Complete Opera of Verdi, New York: Da Capo Press, Inc. Phillips-Matz, Mary Jane (1993), Verdi: A Biography, London & New York: Oxford University Press. Parker, Roger (1998), "La battaglia di Legnano", in Stanley Sadie, (Ed.), The New Grove Dictionary of Opera, Vol. One. London: MacMillan Publishers, Inc. Soubies, Albert and Malherbe, Charles Theordore (1893), Histoire de l'Opera Comique: La Seconde Salle Favart, Vol. 1, 1860–1887. Paris: Flammarion. Toye, Francis (1931), Giuseppe Verdi: His Life and Works, New York: Knopf Walker, Frank, The Man Verdi (1982), New York: Knopf, 1962, Chicago: University of Chicago Press. Warrack, John and West, Ewan, The Oxford Dictionary of Opera New York: OUP: 1992 Werfel, Franz and Stefan, Paul (1973), Verdi: The Man and His Letters'', New York, Vienna House. External links Verdi: "The story" and "History" on giuseppeverdi.it (in English) Greatest Verdi singers, Verdi's friends and collaborators, genealogy project on geni.com Aria database Operas by Giuseppe Verdi Italian-language operas 1849 operas Operas Operas set in Italy Operas set in the 12th century Operas based on plays Italian patriotic songs Legnano Cultural depictions of Frederick I, Holy Roman Emperor