and a cache pit were found that contained hundreds of stone tools and about 4,000 Dismal River ceramic fragments. There were pipe fragments similar to the ones from the northern Rio Grande pueblos. Charcoal, numerous animal bones, three Olivella shells, and other discarded items were also found there. According to the artifacts, the Nuevo Mexican women continued to make pottery and cook as they had in their homeland. Nebraska Historical Society conducted excavations in 1970, 1975, and 1976, led by A. T. Hill. They found a roasting pit below the pueblo, which meant that people of the Dismal River culture lived there before they cohabitated with the Puebloans. Artifacts included items from the Dismal River culture, Tewa Polychrome pottery from the southwest, and clay pipes. Archaeologists from the University of Oklahoma and University of Iowa have led excavations since the 1970s, which helped date the occupations. Reconstruction Starting with the initial excavation, the archaeological sites have degraded, with damage to the pueblo ruins and removal of artifacts by amateur archaeologists. After the excavations of the 1970s, partial walls of the pueblo were reconstructed to show the layout of the pueblo as it appeared in 1898. Historic landmark and park In 1964, the El Cuartelejo Archaeologist District was made a National Historic Landmark, which protects its resources and resulted in a reconstruction of the walls. Interpretive historic markers were added to the site. The ruins are within Lake Scott State Park, and are owned by the Kansas State Society of the Daughters of the American Revolution. The site is maintained by the Kansas Department of Wildlife, Parks and Tourism. A model of the pueblo, early Native American camp scenes, as well as artifacts and fossils from El Cuartelejo are on display at the El Quartelejo Museum. Colorado Some of the Nuevo Mexico refugees lived with Apache in what is now eastern Colorado at the Arkansas and Purgatoire Rivers, near the site of 19th-century Bent's Fort. Other bands of Apache lived north along the Smoky Hill and Republican Rivers of eastern Colorado. Pottery from related archaeological sites were of the Padouca Apache and other Apache bands, as well as some Pueblo pottery. The Apache lived in the rancherias, with huts or houses around a central plaza. They lived there except when they hunted buffalo in northeastern Colorado. A group of people from the Taos Pueblo moved to El Cuartelejo rancherías north of