The 1830–31 United States House of Representatives elections were held on various dates in various states between July 5, 1830 and October 3, 1831. Each state set its own date for its elections to the House of Representatives before the first session of the 22nd United States Congress convened on December 5, 1831. Elections were held for all 213 seats, representing 24 states. The supporters of President Andrew Jackson lost ten seats during his first term, but managed to maintain control of the chamber amidst the growth of two new opposition movements. The brash style of Congress during the administration of Jackson caused a number of Americans to become dissatisfied with the government and both of the major parties. Anger over the Tariff of 1828 also provided a major issue, particularly in the agricultural South. The Jacksonians remained firmly in control of the House, but lost several seats, as did the minority Anti-Jacksonians. The Anti-Masonic Party, an aspiring third party which was based on a single issue (distrust of Freemasonry), was actually able to gain a dozen seats, and four South Carolina Congressman who called themselves Nullifiers (based on the principle of states' rights) were also elected. Thus, this was the first election in the House where both major parties lost seats at the same time; this would not occur again until the 1854 elections. Election summaries Not including special elections. Special elections 21st Congress |- ! | James W. Ripley | | Jacksonian | 1826 | | Incumbent resigned March 12, 1830.New member elected September 13, 1830.Jacksonian hold.Successor seated December 6, 1830. | nowrap | |- ! | John M. Goodenow | | Jacksonian | 1828 | | Incumbent resigned April 9, 1830, after being appointed judge of the Supreme Court of Ohio.New member elected October 11, 1830.Winner was elected the next day to the next term, see below.Successor seated December 6, 1830. | nowrap | |- ! | Alexander Smyth | | Jacksonian | 18171828 1827 | | Incumbent died April 17, 1830.New member elected November 1830.Jacksonian hold.Successor seated December 6, 1830.Winner was later elected to the next term, see below. | nowrap | |- ! | Hector Craig | | Jacksonian | 18221824 1828 | | Incumbent resigned July 12, 1830.New member elected November 3, 1830.Anti-Jacksonian gain.Successor seated December 6, 1830. | nowrap | |- ! | Philip P. Barbour | | Jacksonian | 18151824 1827 |