The optical clarity or precision of an image relative to normal human vision. Focus in photographic images is usually expressed in terms of depth. Framing The placement of subjects and other visual content with respect to the boundaries of the image. Hand-held shot A shot where the camera is hand-carried, either with or without a Steadicam. If done without a steadicam, the effect is a shaky image which conveys an amateurish or urgent affect. Inter-title A piece of filmed, printed text edited into the midst of (i.e. inter-) the photographed action at various points. Most commonly used in silent movies to convey elements of dialogue and other commentary. Iris in/out An editorial transition popular during the silent period utilizing a diaphragm placed in front of the lens and which, when opened (iris in) or closed (iris out), functions like a fade in or fade out. A partially opened iris can also be used to focus attention on a detail of the scene in the manner of vignetting. Jump cut An editorial transition between two shots in which the illusion of temporal continuity is radically disrupted. Key light The main light on a subject, usually placed at a 45 degree angle to the camera-subject axis. In high-key lighting, the key light provides all or most of the light in the scene. In low-key lighting, the key light provides much less of the total illumination. Long shot A shot in which the human figure would be relatively insignificant compared to its surroundings. Master shot A shot, often a medium shot or longer, which shows all the important action in a scene. In editing, the master can be used to a greater or lesser extent as the 'skeleton' of the edit, which is fleshed out by replacing parts of the master with tighter coverage such as closeups and cutaways. Match cut One of various editorial devices used to preserve a sense of spatio-temporal integrity or continuity between cuts. Medium close-up A shot depicting the human figure from approximately the chest up. Medium shot A shot depicting the human figure from approximately the waist up. Mise en scène Everything that has been placed in front of or is revealed by the camera while shooting. Over the shoulder shot A shot where the camera is placed above the back of the shoulder and head of a subject. This shot is most commonly used to present