The Australian Women's National League (AWNL) was an Australian political lobby group federation first established in 1904. It acted in many ways like a political party, with an extensive branch network and the capability to run its own candidates. It was a conservative organisation with four key declared objectives: Loyalty to the Throne; To counteract Socialist tendencies; To educate the Women of Victoria to realise their political responsibilities; and To Safeguard the Interests of the Home, Women and Children. Foundation The AWNL was supported in its foundation by the Victorian Employers' Federation and by employer bodies in other states, but it quickly became independent from those male-dominated groups, and formed an anti-socialist alliance with the Farmer's League in 1905. The group aimed to espouse anti-socialist ideas to Australian women who had been given the right to vote in Australian federal elections in 1902. Leading Melbourne establishment figure, Janet, Lady Clarke, held a meeting at her home in August 1903 to discuss the formation of such a conservative women's movement. Months later, in March 1904, Lady Clarke's sister, Eva Hughes, organised a meeting at the Melbourne Town Hall. It chose a provisional committee and elected Lady Clarke as its inaugural president On 25 October 1907, the League conducted the first Pan-Australian Conference of Anti-Socialist Women's Organisations. The League played an important role in achieving women's suffrage (right to vote) throughout Australia. By 1908, it had 10,000 members in Victoria alone, and helped convince the male conservative members of parliament that women voters would not necessarily be left-wing in disposition. In 1909, Lady Clarke died and was succeeded as president by her sister Eva who stayed in charge until 1922. In 1912, the Liberal prime minister Alfred Deakin described the lobby group as "fierce and unceasing" in their political demands. He continued "So far – singlehanded – I have beat them and kept them at bay, but how long can this last?" The ANWL was a very active organisation, with many suburban and rural branches. It published a monthly journal The Woman. It ran many campaigns, including one for greater education in "domestic science". The League organised Empire Day festivities in Melbourne for forty years and, during World War I, organised thousands of women to contribute to the war effort. In 1918, it launched "Baby Week" as an education campaign for families. It also conducted political education and training courses for its