15th century by A. E. Barnes. Compare the Magdalen Asylums. See also Confraternity of penitents Penitent bands References Barnes, A.E., "De Poenitentibus Civitatis Massaliae: The Counterreformation, Religious Changes, and the Confraternities of Penitents of Marseille, 1499–1792", PhD dissertation, Princeton University, 1983. Pazzelli, Raffaele, "St. Francis and the Third Order: The Franciscan and Pre-Franciscan Penitential Movement" External links Our Lady of Charity of the Good Shepherd, Catholic Encyclopedia. "A shelter for girls and women of dissolute habits" founded at Caen, France, in 1641. Penitential Orders, Catholic Encyclopedia. Catholic orders and societies Religious organizations established in the 1270s Confraternities