is heavily damaged in most of its length by erosion, earthquakes, landslides, and avalanches. Sometimes referred to as the "Heroin Highway," much of the ninety tonnes of heroin that are trafficked through Tajikistan each year pass along this route. Main points on the Pamir highway If Pamir Highway is followed from Osh, the route of the highway can be written as follows: Osh city – Taldyk lane (3615 m, pass through the Alay Range) – Gulcha village – Gulcha river valley – Kyrgyzstan lane (3541 m) – Sary-Tash village (Alay valley) – Kyzylart lane (4250 m, pass through the Trans-Alay range, entrance to the territory of Gorno-Badakhshan Autonomous Region, border crossing between Kyrgyzstan and Tajikistan) – Markansu river valley – Uybulak lane (4200 m) – lake Karakul — Ak-Baital Pass lane (4655 m) — Murghab — Naizatash Lane (4314 m) — Alichur valley — Khargush Lane (4091 m) + Tagarkaty Lane (4168 m) — Sulu-Tagarkaty river valley — Koi-Tezek Lane (4251 m) — Gunt river valley — Khorog — Panj river valley — Qal'ai Khumb village — Khaburabot lane (3720 m) — Obihingou river valley — Vakhsh river valley — Dushanbe city. Currently, the Pamir Highway is part of the M41 highway. ЭМ-05 Road: Osh - Taldyk Pass - Sary-Tash ЭМ-06 Road: Sary-Tash - Karamyk - Border of Tajikistan РБ07 Road: Border of Kyrgyzstan - Jirgatol - Obi Garm - Vahdat РБ04 Road: Vahdat - Dushanbe РБ02 Road: Dushanbe - Tursunzoda M41 Road: Border of Tajikistan - Denov - Termez History Old Pamir Highway At the end of the 19th century — the beginning of the 20th century in Central Asia between the British and Russian empires continued a sharp geopolitical rivalry for influence in the region, which received the name "Great Game" in world history. The military department of the Russian Empire, concerned about the activity of the British in the Pamirs, decided to build a strategic military road along which it would be possible to quickly transfer troops from Fergana to the Alay Valley and carry out their effective supply. The construction was planned and carried out in deep secrecy and for a long time the existence of a road through the Alay Range in Russian Turkestan in Europe was not known. In the summer of 1903, an officer of the Russian army, military geographer Nikolai Korzhenevsky, climbing the Taldyk Pass (Kyrgyzstan) with a height of 3615 meters,