encouragement to the attendees. When Sun Yat-sen attended again at the 10th annual event in 1920, he also wrote for a special Jing Wu newsletter and made a plaque with the engraving "martial spirit". During the period of the Japanese sphere of influence, the Twenty-One Demands sent to the government of the Republic of China resulted in two treaties with Japan on 25 May 1915. This prevented the ruling class from exercising full control over the commoners. With their new freedom, Huo's students purchased a new building to serve as the organisation's headquarters and named it "Jing Wu Athletic Association". The association accepted new styles of martial arts other than those taught by Huo. In 1918, Jing Wu Athletic Association opened a branch at Nathan Road in Hong Kong. In July 1919, Jing Wu Athletic Association sent five representatives to Southeast Asia to expand their activities overseas. The five were Chen Gongzhe, Li Huisheng, Luo Xiaoao, Chen Shizhao and Ye Shutian. They made their first stop in Saigon, Vietnam, where they opened the first Chin Woo school outside of China. They opened schools in Malaysia and Singapore later as well. By 1923, these five masters had opened schools all over Southeast Asia and visited nine different countries. Present In 1966, Shanghai's Jing Wu school was forced to discontinue its activities during the Cultural Revolution, whose goals were to destroy old ideas, cultures and customs for the purpose of modernizing China. Those restrictions were lifted in 1976, after which Shanghai's Chin Woo school resumed its activities. Chin Woo is currently one of the largest wushu organisations in the world with branches in various countries, including Japan, Hong Kong, Macau, Vietnam, Malaysia, Singapore, Sri Lanka, Poland, Canada, the United Kingdom, the United States, Australia and Switzerland. The United States headquarters of Chin Woo is located at 899 E. Arapaho Rd., Richardson, TX 75081. Curriculum During the early days of Jing Wu in Shanghai, the chief instructor, Zhao Lianhe, developed a curriculum that became the standard Jing Wu sets (Fundamental Routines). Shi Er Lu Tan Tui (十二路潭腿; Twelve Roads of Spring Leg) Gong Li Quan (功力拳; Power Fist) Jie Quan (节拳; Connecting Fist) Da Zhan Quan (大战拳; Big Battle Fist) Qun Yang Gun (群羊棍; Shepherd Staff) Ba Gua Dao (八卦刀; Eight Trigrams Broadsword) Wu Hu Qiang (五虎枪; Five Tiger Spear) Jie Tan Tui (接潭腿; Tan Tui Sparring) Tao Quan (套拳; Set Fist) Dan