Shi Huang(秦始皇)(260-210 BCE) Alcuin (735-804 CE) Johann Gutenberg (1398-1468 CE) Ludovico Arrighi (1475-1527 CE) Samuel Pepys (1633-1703 CE) Jean-François Champollion (1790-1832 CE) Modern chirography Although, to a certain degree, modern widespread and efficient means of printing coupled with computer technology have pushed stylistic and complex handwriting techniques to the backdrop of linguistic aspects, the aforementioned practices remain in use often in the fields of academia for study. Calligraphy remains a commonplace facet of many modern East Asian languages as well as forms of cursive Arabic. However dated they may seem, they are necessary in order to grasp archaic or other older forms of current languages in the field of linguistics, as there are still mysteries to resolve (such as the near indecipherable Indus Script). See also Asemic writing Calligraphy Graphology Penmanship Sources Bickham, George and Philip Hofer (1941). The Universal Penman. New York: Dover. Harries, Rhonda (1981). Elements of Handwriting: A Teacher's Guide. Novato: Academic Therapy Publications. Jean, Georges (1992). Writing: The Story of Alphabets and Scripts, “Abrams Discoveries” series. New York: Harry N. Abrams, Inc. External links Omniglot- writing systems & languages of the world University of Oxford- Linguistics, Philology and Phonetics An Examination Of Chirography And Typography On The Consciousness, Human Relations And British Culture By Daniel Blackmore Chinese Calligraphy (What is Calligraphy) Penmanship