previously, scophthalmids are almost exclusively located in the Northeast Atlantic and will suffer heavily from this. Interestingly enough, the rapid warming was exacerbated regionally due to factors such as human populations, freshwater prevalence, and land-locking. The highest levels of warming (“LMEs warming at rates 2–4 times the global mean rate” ) was confined to certain areas, especially in the North Atlantic. Regions that Scophthalmidae are native to (i.e. the Baltic, Mediterranean, and Black seas) all fall under this hotspot. It seems that this regional increase of warming can be traced to the “natural variability related to the North Atlantic Oscillation” as well as adjacent terrestrial warming near the coastal seas (caused by industrial/anthropogenic advancements). In addition to this fact, the increasingly negative population dynamics of all flatfish indicates that the clade has reached its maximum potential. Furthermore, some fisheries have overfished certain regions to the point of collapse. In these regions a bounce-back in population is not expected. This change is not just due to temperature change, but additional factors tied to climate change (i.e. ocean acidification, oxygen depletion, and decreases in net primary production). Climate change is a multivariate problem for scophthalmids as it has led to changes in distribution and net productivity in addition to the aforementioned decreases in population. Yet, these changes in distribution are not exclusive to potentially obvious latitudinal range shifts. The flatfish have also been observed migrating within regions, shifting their depth as well. Averaging to only a several meters per decade, this seemingly small change is drastic for the family. While decreasing depth can help scophthalmids fight the change in ocean temperature, the deeper they travel the less light can penetrate and both conditions and productivity also decrease. This is a negative constraint on the fish which will eventually reach its limit. Lastly, scophthalmids are simply less mobile than other taxa. Their activity rate is much lower than other fish of similar size and location (alternate pelagic and demersal species). Because of this, it is harder to migrate, maneuver, and adapt, making their adjustment period relatively slow. All finfish (including scophthalmids), however, are expected to shrink. The decrease in body size relates to the temperature change via oxygen levels. The growing restriction on oxygen levels proportional to the increase in temperature negatively affects body size, adding yet another side effect to the changing climate. Trawl fishing Put plainly, trawl fishing is when nets