and the High Constables who would answer to the Bailie. The Keeper of the Palace of Holyroodhouse appoints the Bailie of Holyroodhouse, who is responsible for law and order within the Holyrood Abbey Sanctuary. The High Constables of Holyroodhouse are responsible to the Keeper and enforce the justice of the Bailie. The senior officer of the High Constables is called the Moderator. One of the historic duties of the High Constables is to assist and escort the Bailie as he undertakes to Perambulate the Bounds of the Abbey and its sanctuary, to ensure "no encroachments had taken place upon what has hitherto been known and ascertained as the boundaries of the Sanctuary". Guard of Honour The High Constables of the Abbey had performed partially ceremonial duties as far back as at least 1825 where they met to escort the remains of the Duchess de Grammont, companion of Charles X of France, from the Royal Vault to a French frigate in Leith. They had also undertaken duties as Guard of Honour during visits of Queen Victoria and on earlier occasions. However, it wasn't until 1863 that the role of Guard of Honour of the Palace of Holyroodhouse came to be vested in them alone. The Bailie of the Abbey noted that the Constables had previously been reluctant to take on the role because it required the carrying of a halbert, but that they would from then on discontinue the use of the halbert and substitute it for the baton. The Captain of the Guard was maintained as a separate role to the Moderator of the High Constables, and when the High Constables undertake duties as the Guard of Honour they do so under the command of the Captain of the Guard, not the Moderator. After the Act of Union, Scottish peers could elect 16 of their number to sit as Representative Peers in the House of Lords at Westminster. The vote would take place at Holyrood Palace and the High Constables would ensure the peers were protected during the gathering, and that order was maintained during the election process. Over the years many Peers questioned the necessity of the High Constables and Guard of Honour at the proceedings, which the Bailie responded provided "the dignity and orderliness of the proceedings". During the restoration of St Giles' in the 1880s, the High Constables donated a stained glass oriel window, in the south