, known colloquially as the , , or simply , is a major Japanese private railway operator in Osaka, Kyoto, and Shiga Prefectures. The transit network includes seven lines; four main lines with heavy rolling stock, two interurban lines, and a funicular railway. It is subsidiary of Keihan Holdings, Ltd. (). History Keihan started its operation between Osaka and Kyoto in 1910. It was the first electric railway to connect these two cities, and the first line on the left bank of Yodo River. Keihan later purchased the lines in the Ōtsu area (Ōtsu Lines). In the 1920s, Keihan built another Osaka-Kyoto line through its subsidiary , which merged into Keihan in 1930. This line is now known as the Hankyu Kyoto Line. In 1943, with the power given by the (Act No. 71 of 1938), the wartime government of Japan forced Keihan to merge with Hanshin Kyūkō Railway to form . In 1949, the pre-war Keihan operations, except for Shinkeihan lines, restored independence under the original corporate name. Keihanshin Kyūkō Railway later changed the name to present Hankyu Railway. Lines The lines operated by Keihan are grouped into Keihan Lines and Ōtsu Lines. The former operates between Kyoto and Osaka with long formation of larger rolling stock. The latter runs Kyoto and Ōtsu with more tram-like cars. The entire network has double track. Current lines Keihan Lines Keihan Main Line/Ōtō Line: Yodoyabashi - Demachiyanagi Nakanoshima Line: Nakanoshima - Temmabashi Katano Line: Hirakatashi - Kisaichi Uji Line: Chushojima - Uji Ōtsu Lines Keishin Line: Misasagi - Biwako-hamaotsu Ishiyama Sakamoto Line: Ishiyamadera - Sakamoto-hieizanguchi Other lines Cable Line (鋼索線), also called Iwashimizu-Hachimangū Cable (石清水八幡宮参道ケーブル) Closed lines Keishin Line: Keishin-Sanjo (Sanjo) - Misasagi Unbuilt line Umeda Line Rolling stock , Keihan owns a fleet of 693 vehicles (including two funicular cars), as follows. Keihan Lines 1000 series 7-car EMUs x 6 (introduced 1977) 2200 series 7-car EMUs x 7 (introduced 1964) 2400 series 7-car EMUs x 6 (introduced 1969) 2600 series 7-car EMUs x 7 (introduced 1978) 3000 series 8-car EMUs x 6 (introduced 2008) 5000 series 7-car EMUs x 7 (introduced 1970) 6000 series 7/8-car EMUs x 14 (introduced 1983) 7000 series 7-car EMUs x 4 (introduced 1989) 7200 series 7/8-car EMUs x 3 (introduced 1995) 8000 series 8-car EMUs x 10 (introduced 1989) 9000 series 7/8-car EMUs x 5 (introduced 1997) 10000 series 4/7-car EMUs x 6 (introduced 2002) 13000