are called citadels (husun, singular hisn). If, at any time during the game a player can move his king into his opponent's citadel, he can declare the game a draw. This is advantageous for a losing player as being stalemated is considered a loss in Tamerlane chess. Alternatively, if a player has a prince or adventitious king on the board when his shah enters his opponent's citadel, his shah can trade places with either of those pieces, and the game continues. The prince or adventitious king can later move out of the citadel to make way for the king to enter again, but the exchange privilege may only be used once. The shah (king) ranks higher than the prince, which ranks higher than the adventitious king. Only the highest ranking of the three on the board can enter the opponent's citadel. The adventitious king has the special honor of being the only piece on the board that can enter his own citadel. Upon entering, it becomes immune, thus blocking the opponent from entering the citadel and declaring a draw. Other Once during the game a player may exchange a checked king for another non-royal piece. A player may move into check if he holds multiple kings. There is no castling or en passant moves in Tamerlane chess. Baring the opponent's king is not considered a win in Tamerlane chess, as the bared king still has the chance to enter the opponent's citadel. There is no three-fold repetition or 50-move draw in Tamerlane chess. Full Tamerlane chess In a few manuscripts the empty squares on the back rank are filled with new types of pieces. The following setup appears in ms 7322 (British Museum): Elephant (a1), Lion (b1), Knight (c1), Bull (d1), War Engine (e1), Revealer (f1), War Engine (g1), Bull (h1), Camel (i1), Lion (j1), Elephant (k1) Rook (a2), Knight (b2), Picket (c2), Giraffe (d2), General (e2), King (f2), Sea Monster (g2), Giraffe (h2), Picket (i2), Knight (j2), Rook (k2) Pawn of Pawns (a3), Pawn of Knights (b3), Pawn of Camels (c3), Pawn of War Engines (d3), Pawn of Generals (e3), Pawn of Kings (f3), Pawn of Sea Monsters (g3), Pawn of Giraffes (h3), Pawn of Pickets (i3), Pawn of Lions (j3), Pawn of Rooks (k3) Pawn of Bulls (c4), Pawn of Revealers (f4), Pawn of Elephants (i4). Black's 1st, 2nd, and 3rd rows are arranged following rotation symmetry as