e.g. "term" or "duty", or across morpheme boundaries (i.e. after prefixes and in compound words), e.g. "grandson" (from "close, near" + "son"), "very quiet" (from "very" + "quiet"), "carriageway, roadway" (from "car" + "way, road"). In Munster, epenthesis also occurs across morpheme boundaries, when follow (after any vowel) or (after short vowels), and when follows . Exceptions in verb forms In verb forms, some letters and letter combinations are pronounced differently from elsewhere. Diacritics currently uses one diacritic, the acute accent, though traditionally a second was used, the overdot. If diacritics are unavailable, e.g. on a computer using ASCII, the overdot is replaced by a following , e.g. → "He/It was" and there is no standard for replacing an acute accent. The acute accent (; or "long (sign)") is used to indicate a long vowel, as in "boat". However, there are other conventions to indicate a long vowel, such as: A following , e.g. "high", "destruction", "fist", and, in Connacht, a word-final , e.g. "time". The digraphs , e.g. "gay", "bare", "music". The tri/tetragraphs , e.g. "neighbour", "Munster". and before or , e.g. "wild", "twine". The overdot (; "dot of lenition", "struck", or "lenition") was traditionally used to indicate lenition, though uses a following for this purpose. In Old Irish, it was only used for , while the following was used for and the lenition of other letters was not indicated. Later the two methods were used in parallel to represent the lenition of any consonant and competed with each other until the standard practice became to use the overdot in Gaelic type and the following in Roman type. Thus are equivalent to . Lowercase has no tittle in Gaelic type, and road signs in the Republic of Ireland. However, as printed and electronic material like books, newspapers and web pages use Roman type almost invariably, the tittle is generally shown. Irish does not graphemically distinguish dotted i and dotless ı, i.e. they are not different letters as they are in, e.g. Turkish and Azeri. Punctuation Irish punctuation is similar to English. An apparent exception is the Tironian et (; ) which abbreviates the word "and", like the ampersand () abbreviates "and" in English. It is generally substituted by a seven () in texts. A hyphen () is used in Irish after when prefixed to a masculine vowel-initial word as an initial mutation, e.g. "the bread", "their daughter". However, it