France, started with operators on board trains on 4 September 1991, between Gorge de Loup and Grange Blanche. The line was extended to Gare de Vénissieux on 11 December 1992, when it switched to driverless operation. On 28 April 1997, it was extended again to Gare de Vaise. Using rubber tyres like lines A and B, trains on line D are controlled by a system known as MAGGALY (Métro Automatique à Grand Gabarit de l’Agglomération Lyonnaise). Unusually for a driverless metro, no platform screen doors are installed on station platforms. The trains use infrared sensors to detect obstructions on the track. Other systems using this technology include the Nuremberg U-Bahn and Budapest Metro's Line 4. The deepest line in Lyon, Line D was constructed partly using boring machines and passes under both rivers, the Rhône and Saône. At long with 15 stations, it is also the longest line in Lyon. In 2016, new MPL 16 rolling stock was ordered from Alstom for Line B and Line D; it came into service on Line B in 2022. These trains allow for an increase in capacity on Line D. Further, they will be coupled to form four-car units at rush hours and should replace the MPL 75 of Line B which would then solely run on Line A. Map Operation The Metro, like the rest of the local public transport system, is operated by Keolis Lyon (ex-SLTC - the (Lyon public transport company)), under the TCL brand - (Lyon public transport). It is operated on behalf of SYTRAL - the (Rhône department and Lyon metropolitan transport syndicate), a Syndicat Mixte. Future expansion Work is under way to extend Line B to a new terminus at Lyon's southern hospital complex in Saint-Genis-Laval. The extension is due to enter service in 2023. New rolling stock, capable of operating as a single two-car trainset or two coupled trainsets for four-car operation, will be introduced and the line will be automated. Existing rolling stock used on Line B will be used to enhance capacity on Line A. Line D will also receive 10 new trainsets and its automatic control system will be upgraded. A new line, dubbed Line E, is under consideration to link Lyon's western suburbs to the city centre. Twelve variants were initially proposed; two options, running from either Bellecour or Hôtel de Ville to Alaï, have been selected for further study and could