the opposition of the Muslims. However, in 1509 Francisco de Almeida had a tremendous victory over the Muslims in the naval Battle of Diu, and the Portuguese presence in the area is definitely attained. In Morocco the Portuguese conquests continue and they take over the cities of Safim, Azamor, Mazagão and Mogador. In the Far East, Portuguese navigators continue their progress visiting the southeast of Asia, China in 1517 and Australia in 1522. In the same period they reach Taiwan (baptizing it Formosa) and Japan where they become the first Europeans to arrive. They enter the Red Sea in 1542 to destroy the Ottoman armada in Suez. In the West the Portuguese visited the coast of New England in 1520, California in 1542 and Hudson Bay in 1588. All these actions were only possible with the naval capability, the navigation knowledge of these navigators, and courage and determination. In 1520, King Manuel I organized the Portuguese Navy in three permanent armadas (fleets): the Armada of the Coast (for coastal patrol), the Armada of the Islands (based in the Azores, for the protection of the ocean navigation in the North Atlantic) and the Armada of the Strait (operating in the area of the Strait of Gibraltar, to protect the navigation with North Africa and the Mediterranean). The first two fleets were mostly made of ships of the line (carracks and galleons), while the Strait fleet was mostly made of ships powered by oars (fustas and galleys). These fleets will subsist until the beginning of the 19th century. Besides the permanent three fleets, the Navy continues to organize the ad hoc India armadas, dispatched to India on an annual basis. To aid the Christian forces to conquest Tunis in 1535, King John III sends the Portuguese galleon Botafogo, the world most powerful warship of the time, armed with 366 cannons and under the command of the brother of the King, Louis, Duke of Beja. In 1567, a Portuguese naval squadron, under the command of Mem de Sá, took Fort Coligny and expelled the French from the Guanabara Bay. Habsburg dynasty Following the Portuguese succession crisis of 1580 and having defeated António, Prior of Crato in the War of the Portuguese Succession, the Habsburg Philip II of Spain became King of Portugal as Philip I. Under the Iberian Union, Portugal continued to be formally an independent kingdom with its own Navy, but its