Maritime powers in the Indian subcontinent have possessed navies for many centuries. Indian dynasties such as the Cholas used naval power to extend their influence overseas, particularly to Southeast Asia. The Marakkar Navy under Zamorins during 15th century and the Maratha Navy of the 17th and 18th centuries fought with rival Indian powers and European trading companies. The East India Company organised its own navy, which came to be as the Bombay Marine. With the establishment of the British Raj after the Indian Rebellion of 1857, the small navy was transformed into "His Majesty's Indian Navy", then "Her Majesty's Indian Marine", and finally the "Royal Indian Marine". The Royal Indian Marine transported large numbers of Indian troops overseas during the First World War, and – as the Royal Indian Navy – took part in naval combat and patrol duties during the Second World War. When India became independent in 1947 part of the Royal Indian Navy was allotted to the new state of Pakistan; the remaining forces took the title of Indian Navy in 1950. The Indian Navy took part in Operation Vijay in 1961, wars with Pakistan in 1965 and 1971, and in more recent operations of a smaller scale. Early history India has a rich maritime history dating back 5,000 years. The world's first tidal dock may have been built at Lothal around 2300 BCE during the Indus Valley civilisation, near the present day Mangrol harbour on the Gujarat coast. The Rig Vedas written around 1700 BCE, credits Varuna with knowledge of the ocean routes and describes naval expeditions. There is reference to the side wings of a vessel called Plava, which give stability to the ship under storm conditions. A hundred ore ships have been mentioned in the Rigveda as well as numerous mentions of Samudra or sea which indicates that during vedic period, Trade activities through sea might have been very common Indians from Bay of Kambakht establishment trades with Yeman as early as 1200 BC, presence of Black Pepper in Pharaoh's tomb indicates that there was active Indian trade with westen asia. A model of a bronze miniature ship with an open deck has been excavated from Pandu Rajar Dhibi from West Bengal dated to 2nd millennium BC. Indians initiated trade activities with South East Asia in 5th-4th century BC. A compass, Matsya yantra, was used for navigation in the 4th and 5th century CE.