against a pawn. Angos, 2005 In this problem by Alex Angos, White checkmates in four moves: 1. Ne6! Nd8 2. Nf6+ Kh8 3. Ng5 N–any (Black is in zugzwang and any knight move must abandon the protection of the f7-square) 4. Nf7# Berger, 1890 A similar problem was composed by Johann Berger in 1890. The solution is: 1. Nf7! Nd6 2. Nh6+ Kh8 3. Ng5 followed by 4. Ngf7#. de Musset, 1849 In this composition by Alfred de Musset, White checkmates on the edge of the board in three moves with: 1. Rd7 Nxd7 2. Nc6 N–any 3. Nf6#. Sobolevsky, 1951 In this study composed by Sobolevsky, White wins by checkmating with two knights: 1. Nh8+ Kg8 2. Kxg2 Bf4 3. Ng6 Bh6! 4. Ng5 Bg7! 5. Ne7+ Kh8 6. Nf7+ Kh7 7. Bh4! Bf6! 8. Ng5+ Kh6 9. Ng8+ Kh5 10. Nxf6+! Kxh4 11. Nf3# Nadanian, 2009 In this study composed by Ashot Nadanian, White wins by checkmating with two knights: 1. Rg8!! Rxg8 If 1...Re7, then 2.N6f5! Re1 3.Rxg6+ Kxh5 4.Rxh6+ Kg5 5.Nf3+ and White wins. 2. Ne4+ Kxh5 3. Ne6 and checkmate on the next move, due to zugzwang; two white knights deliver four different checkmates: 3... R–any 4. Ng7# 3... Nd–any 4. Nf6# 3... Ng–any 4. Nf4# 3... f3 4. Ng3# History The first known composition where two knights win against one pawn is, according to Lafora, by Gioachino Greco in 1620. In 1780, Chapais did a partial analysis of three positions with the pawn on f4 or h4. In 1851 Horwitz and Kling published three positions where the knights win against one pawn and two positions where they win against two pawns. The analysis by Chapais was revised by Guretsky-Cornitz and others, and it was included by Johann Berger in Theory and Practice of the Endgame, first published in 1891. However, the analysis by Guretsky-Cornitz was incorrect, and the original analysis by Chapais was, in principle, correct. Troitsky started studying the endgame in the early 20th century and published his extensive analysis in 1937. Modern computer analysis found it to be very accurate. Master games with this ending are rare — Troitsky knew of only six when he published his analysis in 1937. In the first four (from c. 1890 to 1913), the weaker side brought about the ending to obtain a draw from an opponent who did not know how to win. The first