disbursement of state or public moneys. Offices of profit also include private business executives and boards of directors. The Election Act provides several civil service and public office exemptions; determinations on the issue are decided by the Election Commission, then reviewed by the High Court. (Office of Profit) Campaigns must be conducted within proscribed periods, with equitable time reserved among candidates on electronic media. Campaign financing is also thoroughly regulated, from contributions to expenses. The Election Act contains an Election Code of Conduct that includes mandates and prohibitions for parties and candidates, including a bans on wearing of kabneys (which convey social and official status) in public campaigns, approaching voters at polling places, and holding public meetings within 48 hours of any poll. Representatives Political parties may retain Election Representatives in each constituency, and candidates can retain their own representatives during elections, including Polling and Counting Representatives. All such representatives must register with their respective Returning Officer. While an Election Representative is a party representative, a candidate representative attends and observes polling and counting on behalf of a single candidate. Elections The National Assembly is elected in primary and general rounds every five years, or whenever it is dissolved under the Constitution; the Election Commission must schedule elections at least 90 days in advance of either. The Election Commission must likewise schedule elections for the National Council within 90 days of the expiry of its five-year term. Local Governments, themselves subject to votes of confidence, must also have elections scheduled within 90 days of dissolution. The Election Act further provides for the Election Commission to announce dates for nominations and polling. Polls are commenced as proscribed by the Election Commission and under the supervision of the Presiding Officer, who confirms the emptiness and operation of voting boxes and machines. Voting may be paused in the event of emergency, and the Election Act provides a detailed framework for its resumption. Presiding officers direct the admission to polling stations, and must exclude all persons other than candidates and their representatives; voters and their children; those accompanying infirm persons; and Election Officers and civil servants working in connection with polling. To prevent impersonation, every voter must be marked with an indelible ink. Dzongkhag Election Officers bear the responsibility of providing adequate and accessible polling stations, and notice to the populace of their location. Secret ballots may be in the form of ballot papers