Colombian white-faced capuchin or Colombian white-headed capuchin, Cebus capucinus Panamanian white-faced capuchin or Panamanian white-headed capuchin, Cebus imitator Marañón white-fronted capuchin, Cebus yuracus Shock-headed capuchin, Cebus cuscinus Spix's white-fronted capuchin, Cebus unicolor Humboldt's white-fronted capuchin, Cebus albifrons Guianan weeper capuchin, Cebus olivaceus Chestnut weeper capuchin, Cebus castaneus Ka'apor capuchin, Cebus kaapori Venezuelan brown capuchin, Cebus brunneus Sierra de Perijá white-fronted capuchin, Cebus leucocephalus Río Cesar white-fronted capuchin, Cebus cesare Varied white-fronted capuchin, Cebus versicolor Santa Marta white-fronted capuchin, Cebus malitiosus Ecuadorian white-fronted capuchin, Cebus aequatorialis Genus Sapajus Black-capped, brown or tufted capuchin, Sapajus apella Guiana brown capuchin, Sapajus apella apella Sapajus apella fatuellus Large-headed capuchin, Sapajus apella macrocephalus Margarita Island capuchin, Sapajus apella margaritae Sapajus apella peruanus Sapajus apella tocantinus Blond capuchin, Sapajus flavius* Black-striped capuchin, Sapajus libidinosus Sapajus libidinosus juruanus Sapajus libidinosus libidinosus Sapajus libidinosus pallidus Sapajus libidinosus paraguayanus Azaras's capuchin, Sapajus cay Black capuchin, Sapajus nigritus Sapajus nigritus cucullatus Sapajus nigritus nigritus Crested capuchin or robust tufted capuchin, Sapajus robustus Golden-bellied capuchin, Sapajus xanthosternos * Rediscovered species. The oldest known crown platyrrhine and member of Cebidae, Panamacebus transitus, is estimated to have lived 21 million years ago. It is the earliest known fossil evidence of a mammal travelling between South and North America. Physical characteristics Capuchins are black, brown, buff or whitish, but their exact color and pattern depends on the species involved. Capuchin monkeys are usually dark brown with a cream/off-white coloring around their necks. They reach a length of , with tails that are just as long as the body. On average, they weigh from 1.4 to 4 kg (3 to 9 pounds) and live up to 25 years old in their natural habitats, and up to 35 in captivity. Habitat and distribution Capuchins prefer environments that give them access to shelter and easy food, such as low-lying forests, mountain forests, and rain forests. They are particularly abundant in Argentina, Brazil, Costa Rica, Honduras, Paraguay, and Peru. They use these areas for shelter at night and food access during the day. The canopy of the trees allows for protection from threats above, and the capuchin monkeys' innate ability to climb trees with ease allows them to escape and hide from predators on the jungle floor. This environment is mutually beneficial for the capuchins and for the ecosystem in which they inhabit. This is because they spread their seed leftovers and fecal matter across the forest floor