charge could be tried. Rutherford was vehemently opposed to liberty of conscience and his A Free Disputation against Pretended Liberty of Conscience raised the ire of John Milton, who named Rutherford in his sonnet on the forcers of conscience in the Long Parliament. Rutherford also was a strong supporter of the divine right of Presbyterianism (the idea that the Presbyterian form of church government is mandated in the Bible). Rutherford was involved in written controversies over church government with the New England Independents (or Congregationalists). His A Peaceable Plea for Paul's Presbytery in Scotland (1642) was followed by his Due Right of Presbyteries (1644), Divine Right of Church Government and Excommunication (1648) and A Survey of "A Survey of that Sum of Church Discipline" penned by Thomas Hooker (1655), with not only Hooker but also John Cotton and Richard Mather writing books against Rutherford's view of church government. List of works Exercitationes pro Divina Gratia Amsterdam 1636 A Peaceable and Temperate Plea for Paul's Presbytery in Scotland London 1642 A Sermon before the House of Commons, on Daniel, London 1644 A Sermon before the House of Lords on Luke 7:22 London 1644 The Due Right of Presbyteries London 1644 Lex Rex, or The Law and the Prince London 1644 The Trial and Triumph of Faith London 1645 The Divine Right Of Church Government and Excommunication London 1646 Christ Dying and Drawing Sinners to Himself London 1647 A Survey of the Spiritual Antichrist London 1648 A Free Disputation against Pretended Liberty of Conscience London 1649 The Last and Heavenly Speech and Glorious Departure of John, Viscount Kenmure Edinburgh 1649 Disputatio Scholastica de Divina Providentia Edinburgh 1649 The Covenant of Life Opened Edinburgh 1655 A Survey of 'The Survey of that Sum of Church Discipline' penned by Mr. Thomas Hooker London 1658 Influences of the Life of Grace London 1659 Joshua Redivivus, or Mr Rutherford's Letters 1664 Examen Arminianismi Utrecht 1668 A Testimony left by Mr. S. Rutherford to the Work of Reformation uncertain date A Treatise on Prayer 1713 The Cruel Watchman, The Door of Salvation Opened Edinburgh 1735 Twelve Communion Sermons Glasgow 1876 Quaint Sermons Hodder & Stoughton, London 1885 Rutherford’s Catechism: Containing the Sum of Christian Religion. London, 1886 A discussing of some arguments against Cannons and ceremonies in God’s worship in David G. Mullan (ed.) Religious Controversy in Scotland 1625–1639. (Edinburgh: Scottish Historical Society, 1998), pp. 82–99 Initially