decays by beta decay (electron capture) to 102Ru (some gamma ray photons with about 1 MeV are generated). If the fission occurs in an instant then 13.3 grams of rhodium will contain 67.1 MBq (1.81 mCi) of 102Rh and 10.8 MBq (291 μCi) of 102mRh. As it is normal to allow used nuclear fuel to stand for about five years before reprocessing, much of this activity will decay away leaving 4.7 MBq of 102Rh and 5.0 MBq of 102mRh. If the rhodium metal was then left for 20 years after fission, the 13.3 grams of rhodium metal would contain 1.3 kBq of 102Rh and 500 kBq of 102mRh. Rhodium has the highest price of these precious metals ($440,000/kg in 2022), but the cost of the separation of the rhodium from the other metals needs to be considered, although recent high prices may create opportunity for consideration. Palladium Palladium is also produced by nuclear fission in small percentages, amounting to 1 kg per ton of spent fuel. As opposed to rhodium and ruthenium, palladium has a radioactive isotope, 107Pd, with a very long half-life (6.5 million years), so palladium produced in this way has a very low specific activity. Mixed in with the other isotopes of palladium recovered from the spent fuel, this gives an activity of Ci. Also, 107Pd has a very low decay energy of only 33 keV. But, in order to ensure safety, 107Pd could be converted to 108Pd, one stable isotope. Silver Silver is produced as result of nuclear fission in small amounts (approximately 0.1%). The vast majority of produced silver is Ag-109 which is stable, and Ag-111 which decays away very quickly to form Cd-111. The only radioactive isotopes with a significant half life produced are the metastable Ag-110m (249.8 d) and Ag-108m (418 years), the former of which is produced via neutron capture from Ag-109, and the latter of which is only formed in trace quantities. After a short period in storage the produced silver is almost entirely stable and safe to use. Because of the modest price of silver, extraction of silver alone from highly radioactive fission products would be uneconomical. When recovered with ruthenium, rhodium, and palladium (price of silver in 2011: about 880 €/kg; rhodium; and ruthenium: about 30,000 €/kg) the economics change substantially: silver becomes a byproduct of platinoid metal recovery from fission waste and the marginal cost of processing the