crisis loomed. Moreover, overnight the broad hopes of the faction de Bourgogne were destroyed and its members would soon die of natural deaths. Nonetheless, some of their ideas were put into practice when the Duke of Orléans, as regent during Louis XV's minority, created a form of government known as polysynody, in which each ministry was replaced by a council composed of aristocrats. However, the absenteeism, ineptitude and squabbling of the aristocrats caused this system to fail, and it was soon abandoned in 1718 in favour of a return to absolute monarchy. Issue Louis, Duke of Brittany (25 June 1704 – 13 April 1705) died of convulsions; Louis, Duke of Brittany (8 January 1707 – 8 March 1712) died of measles; Louis XV of France (15 February 1710 – 10 May 1774) first engaged to Mariana Victoria of Spain; married Marie Leszczyńska and had issue; died of smallpox. Ancestry References Bibliography Erlanger, Philippe, Louis XIV, translated from the French by Stephen Cox, Praeger Publisher, New York & Washington, 1970. (First published in French by Fayard in 1965). Wolf, John B. Louis XIV (1968). Mansfield, Andrew, "The Burgundy Circle's plans to undermine Louis XIV's “absolute” state through polysynody and the high nobility", 'Intellectual History Review', Vol.27, Issue 2 (2017), pp. 223–45 - http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/17496977.2016.1156346 In French Achaintre, Nicolas Louis, Histoire généalogique et chronologique de la maison royale de Bourbon, Vol. 2, Publisher Mansut Fils, 4 Rue de l'École de Médecine, Paris, 1825. Antoine, Michel, Louis XV, Fayard, Paris, 1989 (French). Dufresne, Claude, les Orléans, CRITERION, Paris, 1991 (French). Princes of France (Bourbon) House of Bourbon Heirs apparent who never acceded 1682 births 1712 deaths People from Versailles Deaths from measles 17th-century peers of France 18th-century peers of France Burials at the Basilica of Saint-Denis Dauphins of France Dukes of Burgundy