the day?) = Good afternoon. How are you? (I spent the day well. I don't know about you?) = somewhat more formal than "Hi". Perhaps best translated as "Greetings". = We shall meet again. People The plural ba- (ŵa-) is often used for politeness when referring to elders: = boy = boys = girl = girls = young ladies = a woman with babies = mother = dad = grandmother = grandmother, also used when addressing old female persons = grandfather = paternal aunt = maternal aunt usually your mother's younger/older sister = maternal uncle = paternal uncle usually your father's younger/older brother = my brother/ sister (for addressing a sibling of the opposite sex) = my young brother / sister (for addressing a sibling of the same sex) = my elder brother / sister (for addressing a sibling of the same sex) Verbs = to play = to laugh = to eat = to sleep = to walk = to run = to write = to do laundry = to bath = to cook = to dig / cultivate = to plant = to dance = to sing Animals = tortoise = hare = hippo = hyena = snake = pig = cow = dog = cat = sheep = lion = goat = chicken See also Tumbuka people Tumbuka mythology Notable Tumbuka People Sheperd Bushiri (Christian preacher) Mwai Kumwenda (netball player) Briddget Kumwenda (netball player) Chakufwa Chihana ( human rights activist and politician) Enoch Chihana (member of parliament) References Bibliography Botne, Robert (1999). "Future and distal -ka-'s: Proto-Bantu or nascent form(s)?". In: Jean-Marie Hombert and Larry M. Hyman (eds.), Bantu Historical Linguistics: Theoretical and Empirical Perspectives. Stanford, CA: Center for the Study of Language and Information, pp. 473–515. Chase, Robert (2004). "A Comparison of Demonstratives in the Karonga and Henga Dialects of Tumbuka". Undergraduate paper. Amherst: Dept. of Linguistics, Univ. of Massachusetts. Chavula, Jean Josephine (2016). "Verbal derivation and valency in Chitumbuka". Leiden University doctoral thesis. Downing, Laura J. (2006). "The Prosody and Syntax of Focus in Chitumbuka". ZAS Papers in Linguistics 43, 55-79. Downing, Laura J. (2008). "Focus and prominence in Chichewa, Chitumbuka and Durban Zulu". ZAS Papers in Linguistics 49, 47-65. Downing, Laura J. (2012). "On the (Non-)congruence of Focus and Prominence in Tumbuka". Selected Proceedings of the 42nd Annual Conference on African Linguistics, ed. Michael R. Marlo et al., 122-133. Somerville, MA: Cascadilla Proceedings Project.