probably like other Fuegians, did not have any concept of God or Devil. In The Descent of Man he suggests that Button never understood the plan to convert Fuegians to Christianity and "with justifiable pride, stoutly maintained that there was no devil in his land." Wulaia Bay massacre In 1855, a group of Christian missionaries from the Patagonian Missionary Society visited Wulaia Bay on Navarino Island, to find that Jemmy still had a remarkable grasp of English. Some time later in 1859, another group of missionaries was killed at Wulaia Bay by the Yaghan, supposedly led by Jemmy and his family. In early 1860, Jemmy visited Keppel Island and gave evidence at the enquiry into the massacre, held in Stanley. He denied responsibility. Death In 1863, the missionary Waite Stirling visited Tierra del Fuego and re-established contact with Jemmy; from then relations with the Yaghan improved. In 1866, after Jemmy's death, Stirling took one of Jemmy's sons, known as Threeboy, to England. Cultural references Film Creation briefly recounts the story of Jemmy and the other children. A 2015 Chilean documentary, The Pearl Button, was named in part after the manner in which Jemmy Button was named Several episodes of the 1978 serial The Voyage of Charles Darwin dramatize the Fuegians' capture and their later return to Tierra del Fuego. Literature According to Julia Voss, the German children's book, Jim Knopf und Lukas der Lokomotivführer by Michael Ende, translated into English as Jim Button and Luke the Engine Driver, was based on Jemmy Button. Ende, who grew up in Nazi Germany, wanted to write a story that provided a contrast to Adolf Hitler's racist ideology and misuse of Darwin's theories of evolution. Ende's 1960 novel became one of the most successful children's books in postwar Germany and won the Deutscher Jugendliteraturpreis in 1961. Jemmy Button appears in Argentine novelist Sylvia Iparraguirre's Tierra del Fuego, which won the 2000 Sor Juana Inés de la Cruz Prize. Jemmy appears in Harry Thompson's debut novel This Thing of Darkness (2005). Jemmy features prominently in "Notes From the Scientific Record" in James Rollins' tenth Sigma Force novel, The 6th Extinction (2014). Jemmy Button is the name of a novel by the Chilean writer Benjamín Subercaseaux. Theater A play based on Jemmy's story premiered in Santiago, Chile on 8 April 2010. Music A song entitled Jemmy Button is featured on the 2009 Darwin Song Project. Podcast