semilanceata, with high psilocybin and low psilocin content) will stain weakly if at all, while sporocarps with a high psilocin content will stain strongly blue. Only one rare Galerina has blue-staining tissue, though in some cases the flesh will blacken when handled, and this may be misinterpreted as a bluing reaction. Although these rules are specific to the separation of Galerina from certain Psilocybe, since mixed patches of Psilocybe and Galerina can occur, it is essential to be sure of the identity of each sporocarp collected. Galerina also present some risk of confusion with several species of small edible mushrooms, notably Kuehneromyces mutabilis and candy caps (L. camphoratus and allies). Other notable species Galerina vittiformis is the type species of the genus Galerina. This species is common in beds of damp moss (along with many other species of Galerina). There are a number of variations of this species that have been named over the years: var. vittiformis f. vittiformis is a 2-spored species; var. vittiformis f. tetrasporis is a 4-spored form; var. pachyspora has been collected on Macquarie Island. Galerina patagonica has a Gondwanan distribution. Galerina hypnorum is a widespread species. Galerina graminea can survive in moss-free grass, unlike many Galerina mushrooms. It was known for many years as 'Galerina laevis', proposed by Christiaan Hendrik Persoon. Several Galerina species are listed by the US Forest Service as "species of special concern" in the Northwest Forest Plan. These species are considered indicator species for old growth coniferous forest in the Pacific Northwest: Galerina atkinsonia, Galerina cerina, Galerina heterocystis, Galerina sphagnicola, and Galerina vittiformis. References Further reading Smith AH, Singer R. (1964). A monograph of the genus Galerina Earle. New York: Hafner Publishing Co. 384 p. (Full text available through link) External links Fungus of the Month for May 2003: Galerina autumnalis by Tom Volk, TomVolkFungi.net Norwegian Fungus of the Month May 2001: Galerina pseudomycenopsis Pilát (Archived at the Internet Archive, 2006-05-14.) Galerina autumnalis MykoWeb.com Galerina images, MycoSite, University of Oslo, Norway Poisonous fungi Deadly fungi Hymenogastraceae