inspiration for the British L9 bar mine. Modern Several advances have been made in the development of modern anti-tank mines, including: more effective explosive payloads (different explosive compounds and shaped charge effects) use of non-ferrous materials making them harder to detect new methods of deployment (from aircraft or with artillery) more sophisticated fuzes (e.g. triggered by magnetic and seismic effects, which make a mine blast resistant, or which ignore the first target vehicle to drive over it and therefore can be used against convoys or mine rollers) sophisticated "anti-handling" devices to prevent or discourage tampering or removal. Design More modern anti-tank mines are usually more advanced than simple containers full of explosives detonated by remote or the vehicles pressure. The biggest advances were made in the following areas: Power of the explosives (explosives such as RDX). Shaped charges to increase the armour piercing effect. Advanced dispersal systems. More advanced or specific detonation triggers. Most modern mine bodies or casings are made of plastic material to avoid easy detection. They feature combinations of pressure or magnetically activated detonators to ensure that they are only triggered by vehicles. Dispersal systems There are several systems for dispersing mines to quickly cover wide areas, as opposed to a soldier laying each one individually. These system can take the form of cluster bombs or be artillery fired. Cluster bombs contain several mines each, which could be a mixture of anti-personnel mines. When the cluster bomb reaches a preset altitude it disperses the mines over a wide area. Some anti-tank mines are designed to be fired by artillery, and arm themselves once they impact the target area. Off-route mines Off-route mines are designed to be effective when detonated next to a vehicle instead of underneath the vehicle. They are useful in cases where the ground or surface is not suitable for burying or concealing a mine. They normally employ a Misznay–Schardin shaped charge to fire a penetrating slug through the target armour. This self forging projectile principle has been used for some French and Soviet off route mines and has earned infamy as an improvised explosive devices (IED) technique in Israel and especially Iraq. Due to the critical standoff necessary for penetration and the development of standoff neutralization technologies, shaped charge off-route mines using the Munroe effect are more rarely encountered, though the British/French/German ARGES mine with a tandem warhead is an example of one of