Josiah Burchett (c.1665 – 2 October 1746), of Hampstead, Middlesex, was a British naval administrator and Whig politician, who sat in the English and British House of Commons between 1705 and 1741. He was Secretary of the Admiralty in England, a position he held for almost fifty years from 26 September 1694 to 14 October 1742. In addition to his administrative duties, he was the author of the first general history of the Royal Navy, published in 1720 and based on official Admiralty records. Early life Burchett was probably the eldest surviving son of John Burchett of Sandwich and his second wife Katherine. He married on 24 December 1695, Thomasine Honywood, daughter of Sir William Honywood, 2nd Baronet. Career Burchett was clerk to Samuel Pepys, the English civil servant famous for his diary from about 1680. He fell out of favour with Pepys in about August 1687, but gained the respect and favour of Lord Admiral Edward Russell, and in June 1691 he was appointed Russell's secretary. In this role he alternated between active service when Russell was at sea and employment at the Admiralty Board. In September 1694 he was appointed Secretary of the Admiralty and served continuously until he retired at age 76. Burchett served on Russell's flagship, the 100-gun HMS Britannia, at the battle of Barfleur in 1692 during the War of the Grand Alliance. In 1693 he became the Deputy Judge Advocate of the Fleet, replacing Samuel Pepys in that office. Burchett was returned as a Whig Member of Parliament for Sandwich and as a member of the 'Court Group' at the 1705 English general election. He remained MP until the 1713 British general election. He was then returned in 1721 continuing as a member for 20 years. Using official reports received by the Admiralty, Burchett wrote the Memoirs of Transactions at Sea during the War with France, which was published in 1703 by the Queen's Printer, Edward Jones. In 1720 he published the lengthy book A Complete History of the Most Remarkable Transactions at Sea, which was reissued in 1995 by John Hattendorf of the U.S. Naval War College. This 1720 book was the first general naval history published in the English language. This book was published by the printing firm J. Walthoe under royal licence of King George I of Great Britain and was clearly based on the official reports received in the Admiralty.