culminated in the Scientific Revolution of the 17th century. He emphasized how the roots of modern science were planted in the ancient and medieval worlds long before the modern period, and that the Christian Latin civilization of Western Europe began the last stage of its intellectual development. One basic factor was how Christianity developed in the West with the establishment of the medieval universities around 1200. In God and Reason in the Middle Ages he argued that the Middle Ages had acquired an undeserved reputation as an age of superstition, barbarism, and unreason. Selected publications Edward Grant published more than ninety articles and twelve books, including: Physical Science in the Middle Ages (1971) Much Ado About Nothing: Theories of Space and Vacuum from the Middle Ages to the Scientific Revolution (1981) Planets, Stars, & Orbs: The Medieval Cosmos, 1200–1687 (1994) The Foundations of Modern Science in the Middle Ages (1996) God and Reason in the Middle Ages (2001) Science and Religion, 400 B.C. to A.D. 1550: From Aristotle to Copernicus (2004) A History of Natural Philosophy from the Ancient World to the Nineteenth Century (2007) References External links Harvard University Press Edward Grant papers, 1950-2001 at the Indiana University Archives. American historians of science Indiana University faculty University of Maine faculty Harvard University faculty 2020 deaths Philosophers of science 1926 births Historians from Indiana