by the now very experienced Carnival Committee and the introduction of lorries to carry bands. 1997 was the 30th anniversary and Arthur France received the MBE for his work with the local community. 2007 was the 40th anniversary, with crowds of 100,000 for the first time. It was also the 25th anniversary of the Leeds West Indian Centre, and the bicentenary of the British abolition of transatlantic slavery. Ian Charles also received the MBE. Gallery See also Caribbean Carnival British African-Caribbean community References Further reading Zobel Marshall, Emily (2019) 'It's not all Sequins and Bikinis? Power, Performance and Play in the Leeds and Trinidad Carnival'. Turning Tides: Caribbean Intersections in the Americas and Beyond. Heather Cateau and Milla Riggio, eds. (Kingston, Jamaica: Ian Randle Publishers). Farrar, Guy, Farrar, Max and Zobel Marshall, Emily (2018) ‘The Leeds West Indian Carnival is Fifty: Marking its African, Asian and European Heritage’. Leeds African Studies Bulletin. Issue 79. (Winter 2017/18). Farrar, Guy, Farrar, Max and Zobel Marshall, Emily (2017) ‘Popular Political Culture and the Caribbean Carnival.’ Soundings. Issue 67. (Lawrence and Wishart). External links www.leedscarnival.co.uk Leeds Carnival Organizers' website Afro-Caribbean culture in England Festivals in Leeds Carnivals in the United Kingdom Chapeltown, Leeds Harehills