inflammatory bowel disease in humans, and because of this, some researchers contend the organism is causative factor in Crohn's disease. However, epidemiologic studies have provided variable results; in certain studies, the organism (or an immune response directed against it) has been much more frequently found in patients with Crohn's disease than asymptomatic people. Action and regulations Paratuberculosis is a reportable disease in some states of the US. US Federal regulations prohibit culture positive or DNA test-positive animals from being moved across state lines except for slaughter. Dr Cheryl Waldner obtained in February 2020 a five-year CAD 2.35 million fund to research beef cattle health and productivity, one aspect of which is the control of "production-limiting" diseases such as Johne's disease. References External links USDA Johne's resource page University of Wisconsin School of Veterinary Medicine Johne's Information Center Bovine diseases Sheep and goat diseases