Aleksandr Pavlovich Aleksandrov (; born February 20, 1943) is a former Soviet cosmonaut and twice Hero of the Soviet Union (November 23, 1983, and December 29, 1987). Biography Born in Moscow, Russia, he graduated from Moscow Bauman-Highschool in 1969 with a doctorate degree, specialised on spacecraft steering systems. He was selected as cosmonaut on December 1, 1978. For his first spaceflight, he flew as Flight Engineer on Soyuz T-9, which lasted from June to November 1983. For his second spaceflight, he replaced one of the long-duration crew members of Mir EO-2. For the spaceflight, he was launched with the spacecraft Soyuz TM-3 in July 1987, and landed with the same spacecraft in December 1987. All together he spent 309 days, 18 hours, 2 minutes in space. He served as backup for Soyuz T-8, Soyuz T-13, and Soyuz T-15. He resigned from the cosmonaut team on October 26, 1993, when he became chief of NPOE Cosmonaut-group; since 1996 he is Chief flight test directorate of RKKE. He is married with two children. Honours and awards Twice Hero of the Soviet Union Pilot-Cosmonaut of the USSR Two Orders of Lenin Medal "For Merit in Space Exploration" (Russian Federation) References 1943 births Living people Cosmonauts from Moscow Soviet cosmonauts Heroes of the Soviet Union Recipients of the Medal "For Merit in Space Exploration" Salyut program cosmonauts Spacewalkers Mir crew members Laureates of the State Prize of Ukraine in Science and Technology