or in the case of sea-bound escapes, drowned or were eaten by the sharks that infest the coastal waters." Charrière was born in the Ardèche, France, in 1906. Charrière was sentenced in 1931 to hard life for murder and sent to the French penal colony in French Guiana, from which he eventually escaped. Charrière did escape, became a Venezuelan citizen, successful restaurateur and best-selling author. In 2005, Charles Brunier, who was imprisoned along with Charrière, claimed that the events in Papillon were largely based on his own story. Adaptations Papillon (1973), film directed by Franklin J. Schaffner Papillon (2017), film directed by Michael Noer, based on novels Papillon and Banco Italian comics artist Carlos Pedrazzini adapted Papillon into a comic book, published by El Tony. Editions (560 pages; English; paperback; published by Harper Perennial; July 1, 2001) (566 pages; English; hardcover; published by Hart-Davis Macgibbon Ltd; January, 1970) (250 pages; English; large-print hardcover; published by Ulverscroft Large Print; October, 1976) (English; school and library binding; published by Rebound by Sagebrush; August, 2001) (English; audio cassette; published by Books on Tape, Inc.; March 1, 1978) See also Rene Belbenoit, Devil's Island convict and author of Dry Guillotine, Fifteen Years Among The Living Dead (1938) Charles Brunier, Devil's Island convict with a butterfly tattoo, who in 2005 claimed to have been the inspiration for Papillon Clément Duval, Devil's Island escapee and memoirist whose story was also said to have inspired Papillon References External links interview by Marie-Claude Wrenn A contemporary look at the then functioning "Devil's Island" during Henri's time there. Article which refutes some claims made by Charrière in the book. Articles published in O Rebate which deny Charrière's, account: 1969 French novels French autobiographical novels Memoirs of imprisonment Novels set in South America French novels adapted into films Books adapted into comics Novels adapted into comics Devil's Island Books about French Guiana