the Ottoman Empire. List of beyliks Beyliks founded after Manzikert (1071) In the list below, only the beyliks that were founded immediately after the Battle of Manzikert in 1071, mostly situated towards the Eastern Anatolia, and who were vassals (or sometimes at war) to the centralized power of Seljuq Sultanate of Rûm based in Konya are listed. Beyliks founded after Köse Dağ (1243) A second group beyliks that emerged as a result of the weakening of this central state under the Mongol blow with the Battle of Köse Dağ in 1243 which had the indirect consequence of extending the Turkic territory in Western Anatolia toward the end of the 13th century. {|class="wikitable sortable" |+ Founded after the Battle of Köse Dağ |- !Beylik's name !Capital city !Duration of rule |- |Afshar||Erzurum||1480-1534 |- |Ahiler |Ankara |c. 1290-1362 |- |Alaiye |Alanya |1293-1471 as vassals to Karamanids |- |Aydinids |Birgi, later Ayasluğ (Selçuk) |1300–1425 |- |Canik |Samsun- Amasya and the vicinity |?-1460 |- |Jandarids (later called Isfendiyarids) |Eflani, later Kastamonu, last Sinop |1291–1461 |- |Chobanids |Kastamonu (preceding the Jandarids) |1211–1309 |- |Dulkadirids |Elbistan, later Maraş |1348–1522 |- |Eretnids |Sivas, later Kayseri |1335–1390 |- |Erzincan |Erzincan |1379–1410 |- |Eshrefids |Beyşehir |1285–1326 |- |Germiyanids |Kütahya |1300–1429 |- |Hamidids |Eğirdir |1300–1391 |- |Kadi Burhan al-Din |Sivas (replacing the Eretnids) |1381–1398 |- |Karamanids |Larende (Karaman) |1250-1487 |- |Karasids/Karası |Balıkesir, later Bergama and Çanakkale |1296–1357 |- |Ladik (also called İnançoğlu, dependent to Sahib Ataids and Germiyanids) |Denizli |1262–1391 |- |Menteşe |Milas |1261–1424 |- |Beylik of Osmanoğulları (later the Ottoman Empire) |Söğüt, later Bursa, Dimetoka, Edirne and Istanbul |1299-1922 |- |Pervâneoğlu |Sinop |1277-1322 |- |Sahib Ataids |Afyonkarahisar |1275–1341 |- |Sarukhanids |Manisa |1300–1410 |- |Teke (issued from the Hamidids) |Antalya, later Korkuteli |1321–1423 |} Society Language Combined with the Seljuqs and the immigration of Turkic tribes into the Anatolian mainland, the Anatolian Beyliks spread Turkic language and Islamic culture in Anatolia. Unlike the Seljuqs, whose language of administration was Persian, the Anatolian beyliks adopted spoken Turkic as their formal literary language. The Turkish language achieved widespread use in these principalities and reached its highest sophistication during the Ottoman era. Art In spite of their limited sources and the political climate of their era, art during the Anatolian beyliks flourished, probably building the basis for Ottoman art. Although the artistic style of the Anatolian beyliks can be considered as representatives of a transition period between Seljuks and Ottomans, new trends were