The Kivalliq Region (; Inuktitut syllabics: ᑭᕙᓪᓕᖅ ) is an administrative region of Nunavut, Canada. It consists of the portion of the mainland to the west of Hudson Bay together with Southampton Island and Coats Island. The regional centre is Rankin Inlet. The population was 10,413 in the 2016 Census, an increase of 16.3% from the 2011 Census. Before 1999, Kivalliq Region existed under slightly different boundaries as Keewatin Region, Northwest Territories. Although the Kivalliq name became official in 1999, Statistics Canada has continued to refer to the area as Keewatin Region, Nunavut in publications such as the Census. Most references to the area as "Keewatin" have generally been phased out by Nunavut-based bodies, as that name was originally rooted in a region of northwestern Ontario derived from a Cree dialect, and only saw application onto Inuit-inhabited lands because of the boundaries of the now-defunct District of Keewatin. Geology The Kivalliq Region is experiencing the world's highest rate of post-glacial rebound (as much as per year). Communities Hamlets and population Arviat (2,657) Baker Lake (2,069} Chesterfield Inlet (437) Coral Harbour (891) Naujaat (1,082) Rankin Inlet (2,842} Whale Cove (435) Former Ennadai Padlei Wager Bay Cape Fullerton Maguse River Tavani The remainder of the region is referred to as Keewatin, Unorganized by Statistics Canada. Climate The Kivalliq Region has a subarctic climate (Köppen climate classification Dfc) and a tundra climate (ET). However, it is almost entirely above the tree line. Temperatures stay below freezing from late September to early June, and peak at around in July. Days are much longer in summer than in winter. Protected areas Arvia'juaq and Qikiqtaarjuk National Historic Site East Bay Migratory Bird Sanctuary Fall Caribou Crossing National Historic Site Harry Gibbons Migratory Bird Sanctuary Iqalugaarjuup Nunanga Territorial Park Inuujarvik Territorial Park McConnell River Migratory Bird Sanctuary Thelon Wildlife Sanctuary Demographics In the 2021 Census of Population conducted by Statistics Canada, the Kivalliq Region had a population of living in of its total private dwellings, a change of from its 2016 population of . With a land area of , it had a population density of in 2021. References Further reading Aldene Meis Mason, Leo Paul Dana, and Robert Brent Anderson, "Entrepreneurship in Coral Harbour, Nunavut" International Journal of Entrepreneurship and Innovation 9 (2), June 2008, pp. 1–10. Aldene Meis Mason, Leo Paul Dana, and Robert Brent Anderson, "A Study of Enterprise in Rankin Inlet, Nunavut: Where