the 83rd Regiment, Commanded by Henry Dundas. Royal Navy gunboats and steamers, and ships of the U.S. navy blocked the Hunters from escaping, and Hunter casualties mounted, so von Schoultz unconditionally surrendered. Aftermath In the aftermath of the battle, almost all of the Hunters were captured and were transported to Kingston for trial. Eleven people, including the Hunter leader Nils von Schoultz, were executed; another 60 were sentenced to transportation to Australia. 40 were acquitted, and another 86 were later pardoned and released. Von Schoultz enjoyed the legal counsel of John A. Macdonald, a prominent young Kingston lawyer who would later become the architect of Canada's Confederation in 1867 and Canada's first prime minister. The site of the battle was designated a National Historic Site of Canada in 1920. See also Battle of the Windmill National Historic Site Upper Canada Rebellion Further reading Graves, Donald E. (Donald Graves) (2001). Guns Across the River: The Battle of the Windmill, 1838. Friends of Windmill Point. References External links Canadian National Parks site on Windmill Point Upper Canada Rebellion November 1838 events 1838 in Upper Canada Conflicts in 1838 History of Leeds and Grenville United Counties