Musa Khiramanovich Manarov (; ; born 22 March 1951) is a Lak former Soviet cosmonaut who spent 541 days in space. He was a colonel in the Soviet Air Force and graduated from the Moscow Aviation Institute with an engineering qualification in 1974. Musa was selected as a cosmonaut on 1 December 1978. From 21 December 1987 to 21 December 1988, he flew as flight engineer on Soyuz TM-4. The flight duration was 365 days 22 hours 38 minutes. From 2 December 1990 to 26 May 1991, he flew again as a flight engineer on Soyuz TM-11. The duration was 175 days, 1 hour, and 50 minutes, the longest continuous time spent in space by anyone at that time. During his 176-day stay, Manarov observed the Earth and worked in space manufacturing. He also performed 20 hours of spacewalks. Manarov lives in Russia. Personal life Manarov is married with two children. He is an ethnic Lak. He lives in Moscow, while his mother still lives in Baku. Awards and honors Hero of the Soviet Union Pilot-Cosmonaut of the USSR Order of Lenin Order of the October Revolution Medal "For Merit in Space Exploration" Foreign awards: Officer of the Legion of Honour (France) Order of Stara Planina (Republic of Bulgaria) Order of Georgi Dimitrov (Republic of Bulgaria) Order "The Sun of Freedom" (Afghanistan) See also List of Muslim astronauts References External links 1951 births Living people Military personnel from Baku Laks (Caucasus) Soviet cosmonauts Spacewalkers Mir crew members Fifth convocation members of the State Duma (Russian Federation) Heroes of the Soviet Union Recipients of the Order of Lenin Officiers of the Légion d'honneur Recipients of the Medal "For Merit in Space Exploration" Recipients of the Order of Georgi Dimitrov