responsibilities similar to German SS and SD units, carrying out both internal and external surveillance, and using the kikosaku doctrine of lethal extrajudicial punishment, often as a brutal interrogation method, against perceived exterior enemies, defectors and traitors. A similar Japanese wartime special unit was the Overseas Security and Colonial Police Service, tasked with maintaining security in occupied Southeast Asian territories, in addition to carrying out various administrative responsibilities. See also Internal security History of espionage List of Japanese spies, 1930–45 Police services of the Empire of Japan (Keishichō, until 1945) Unit 100 Fukushima Yasumasa (Kenpeitai founder) Tenko (TV series) The Man in the High Castle (TV series) References External links Japanese World War II-era nationalist groups U.S. Report on Kempei (1945) Imperial Japanese Army Political repression in Japan Defunct Japanese intelligence agencies Defunct law enforcement agencies of Japan Japan Intelligence services of World War II Secret police