his time on the Council, first from December 1980 to November 1982 and then from January to November 1991. He left the Council in 1992. Congress Mann was the Democratic nominee for Ohio's 1st congressional district in the 1992 House of Representatives elections, narrowly defeating State Senator William Bowen in the primary. Mann won a roughly 8-point victory over Republican-backed independent Steve Grote in the general election. Mann began serving in the 103rd United States Congress in 1993. While in the House, he sponsored five bills and served on the House Armed Services and House Judiciary Committees. Mann voted against President Bill Clinton's stimulus package and budget proposal and was skeptical towards Clinton's health care plan. Mann also supported further investigation into the Whitewater controversy. Mann voted for the 1994 Crime Bill, which he later said he regretted. Mann voted in favor of the North American Free Trade Agreement, which damaged his reputation with some of his allies in organized labor. Bowen, with the support of several prominent labor unionists, attempted to primary Mann in 1994; Mann won renomination by 667 votes. Unions were divided on Mann's general election campaign, with some, such as the Ohio Education Association, endorsing him, while others, such as the Cincinnati AFL–CIO Labor Council, refused to do so. Mann ultimately lost his bid for re-election to Republican Steve Chabot in the "Republican Revolution". Mann left office in 1995. Later municipal career Mann returned to politics in 2013, running for and winning a seat on the Cincinnati City Council. He was simultaneously endorsed by the Democratic Party and the Charter Committee. In 2014, Mann became vice mayor, a position which he would hold until 2018. Mann often served as a mediator between Mayor John Cranley and Cranley's opponents on the Council, helping broker deals on a number of issues. In 2015, Mann reached a compromise with Cranley on a budget dispute, preventing a government shutdown. Mann was re-elected in 2017. In 2018, Mann became the chair of the Council's Budget and Finance Committee, which is responsible for the city's finances. That same year, Mann proposed levying an excise tax on short-term rentals, with the proceeds going to the city's affordable housing fund. Mann stated that the tax would "strike a balance between preserving and funding affordable housing units and community in neighborhoods, encouraging tourism and entrepreneurship through short-term rentals, and ensuring that all visitors to Cincinnati