generally present the material using a ground up approach that emphasizes fundamental principles of thermodynamics and kinetics. Importance. The publication is one of the most widely cited texts in environmental chemistry. In 1999, Stumm and Morgan received the Stockholm Water Prize for their contributions in the field. The citation specifically mentioned Aquatic Chemistry where it was described as a "seminal book" which is "used in education all over the world". Stratospheric sink for chlorofluoromethanes: chlorine atom-catalysed destruction of ozone Mario J. Molina and F. S. Rowland, Nature 249, 810–812 (1974) Description: This paper warned of the danger of ozone depletion due to man-made chlorofluorocarbons. The main atmospheric sink for these compounds was identified as ultraviolet photolysis, liberating chlorine atoms which catalyze the destruction of stratospheric ozone and have the potential to significantly deplete the ozone layer. Importance: Influence, as described in the presentation speech for the Nobel Prize in Chemistry 1995: “The findings presented by this year's laureates in chemistry have had an enormous political and industrial impact. This was because they clearly identified unacceptable environmental hazards in a large, economically important sector.” Chemical thermodynamics On the Equilibrium of Heterogeneous Substances Gibbs, Willard Trans. Conn. Acad., Vol. III, pp. 108–248, 1876; pp. 343–524, 1878. Description: paper applied the thermodynamic theory of steam engines to atomic level chemical reactions; i.e., it established equilibrium criteria necessary to predict the thermodynamic tendency of chemical reactions at constant temperature and pressure. Importance: topic creator; historian Bill Bryson states, in his A Short History of Nearly Everything, that Gibbs’ Equilibrium paper is "the Principia of thermodynamics". In addition, this paper, in many ways, functions as the mathematical foundation of physical chemistry. Electrochemistry Electrochemical Methods: Fundamentals and Applications Allen J. Bard, Larry R. Faulkner John Wiley and Sons, 2nd edition, 2000, Description: The defining reference for electrochemistry, coupling thousands of electroanalytical methods with the theory behind them. Importance: A reference publication. Theoretical chemistry, quantum chemistry and computational chemistry Valence and the structure of atoms and molecules Gilbert N. Lewis New York, The Chemical Catalog Company, Inc., 1923. Description: Discusses ionic and covalent bonding (polar and non-polar). Importance: The book that introduced the modern concept of the covalent bond as the sharing of electron pairs, and tried to reconcile the chemist's empirical view of the atom with the physicist's and spectroscopist's quantum mechanical view. It could be considered a precursor to Pauling's books. Introduction to Quantum Mechanics