the SDE. In the 2014 European elections held on 25 May 2014, the SDE won 13.6% of the national vote, electing a single Member of the European Parliament. In the 2015 parliamentary election on 1 March 2015, the SDE received 15.2% of the vote and 15 seats in the Riigikogu. After the coalition formation with Reform and IRL, MP Jevgeni Ossinovski announced that he would challenge Sven Mikser in the party congress on 30 May 2015. Mikser however stepped down before the election at the congress and Ossinovski was chosen as the new party leader. On 7 November 2016, the Social Democratic Party and IRL announced that they were asking Prime Minister Taavi Rõivas to resign and were planning on negotiating a new majority government. In the following vote of confidence on 9 November, the majority of Riigikogu voted in favor of removing the prime minister's government. On 23 November 2016, a new coalition government consisting of the Estonian Centre Party, SDE and IRL was sworn in. Leaders of the Party Marju Lauristin (1990–1995) Eiki Nestor (1995–1996) Andres Tarand (1996–2001) Toomas Hendrik Ilves (2001–2002) Ivari Padar (2002–2009) Jüri Pihl (2009–2010) Sven Mikser (2010–2015) Jevgeni Ossinovski (2015–2019) Indrek Saar (2019–2022) Lauri Läänemets (2022–present) Electoral results Parliamentary elections European Parliament elections Periods in government The party was in government in the following periods: 1992–1994 (Mart Laar's first government), 1994–1995 (Andres Tarand's government, often called to Christmas Peace government [jõulurahu valitsus]), 1999–2002 (Mart Laar's second government, often called the Triple Alliance [kolmikliit]), and 2007–2009, some of which included participating in three centre-right governments with the Fatherland Union and Reform Party. The party returned to government in Kaja Kallas' second cabinet on 18 July 2022 in a coalition with Reform and Isamaa. Members of the Riigikogu The following are MPs representing the party in the legislature, along with their electoral district Jevgeni Ossinovski, Keslinn, Lasnamäe and Pirita, chairman of fraction Riina Sikkut, Haabersti, Põhja-Tallinna and Kristiine, vice-chairman of fraction Lauri Läänemets, Harju- and Raplamaa Kalvi Kõva, Võru-, Valga- and Põlvamaa Helmen Kütt, Järva- and Viljandimaa Jaak Juske, Haabersti, Põhja-Tallinna and Kristiine Ivari Padar, Võru-, Valga- and Põlvamaa Heljo Pikhof, Tartu city Eduard Odinets, Ida-Virumaa Indrek Saar, Lääne-Virumaa Members of the European Parliament Since 2019 the SDE has 2 MEPs: Marina Kaljurand Sven Mikser Symbols See also Social Democratic Party Estonian Social Democratic Workers Party (historical) References External links http://www.sotsdem.ee Official website https://web.archive.org/web/20061129214423/http://www.noorsots.ee/ Social Democratic