var. glabrum is probably the hybrid between L. tottum and L. vestitum. Many other hybrids have consciously been created and are propagated as ornamental or cut flower. Reassigned species The species that were originally described as, or moved to Leucospermum or one of its synonyms, which since have been reassigned include the following: L. alpinum subsp. alpinum = Vexatorella alpina L. alpinum subsp. amoenum = Vexatorella amoena L. glaberrimum = Leucadendron glaberrimum L. involucratum = Leucadendron salignum L. marginatum = Leucadendron spissifolium L. obtusatum = Vexatorella obtusata L. ovatum = Protea longiflora L. rochetianum = Faurea rochetiana L. zwartbergense = Leucadendron dregei Names that cannot be assigned For Leucadendron filiamentosum, L. polifolium and L. bellidifolium, no type specimens could be found, and their descriptions are too general to determine which Leucospermum species they are synonymous with. For L. obovatum, no description has been provided, so it is a nomen nudum. Distribution Pincushions can only be found in a narrow zone from the southwestern Cape, along the Great Escarpment to eastern Transvaal and Eswatini, and two isolated areas, one in the Chimanimani Mountain range on the Zimbabwe-Mozambique border, and the other in Namaqualand. Only L. gerrardii, L. innovans and L. saxosum occur outside the Cape Floristic District. A remarkable concentration of 30% of the species occurs in a narrow strip of about long on the south coast between Hermanus and Witsand. Most of the individual species have restricted distributions, some as small as a few square km. Habitat In the Cape, most Leucospermum species grow on acid soils that result from the weathering of Table Mountain Sandstone. More to the east a few species occur on eroded Witteberg quartzite, which is also very poor in nutrients. L. arenarium, L. fulgens, L. hypophyllocarpodendron, L. muirii, L. parile, L. praecox, L. rodolentum and L. tomentosum can only be encountered on deep white sands. A few other species like L. grandiflorum, L. guenzii and L. lineare can be found on the heavy clay that develops from Cape Granite. L. calligerum and L. heterophyllum sometimes grow on Malmsbury Gravel. On the other hand, L. patersonii and L. truncatum are specialists that only can be found on a ridge of limestone of the Alexandria Formation, parallel to the southern coast between Stilbaai and Danger Point. Ecology Pollination During flowering, the extended styles protrude far beyond the perianth tube. Initially, the tip of the style carries pollen