Multiple relations interrelated to comprise structures or networks Transformations - Changes, perspectives, conversions, or mutations to knowledge Implications - Predictions, inferences, consequences, or anticipations of knowledge Therefore, according to Guilford there are 5 x 5 x 6 = 150 intellectual abilities or factors (his research only confirmed about three behavioral abilities, so it is generally not included in the model). Each ability stands for a particular operation in a particular content area and results in a specific product, such as Comprehension of Figural Units or Evaluation of Semantic Implications. Guilford's original model was composed of 120 components (when the behavioral component is included) because he had not separated Figural Content into separate Auditory and Visual contents, nor had he separated Memory into Memory Recording and Memory Retention. When he separated Figural into Auditory and Visual contents, his model increased to 5 x 5 x 6 = 150 categories. When Guilford separated the memory functions, his model finally increased to 180 factors. Criticism Various researchers have criticized the statistical techniques used by Guilford. According to Jensen (1998), Guilford's contention that a g-factor was untenable was influenced by his observation that cognitive tests of U.S. Air Force personnel did not show correlations significantly different from zero. According to one reanalysis, this resulted from artifacts and methodological errors. Applying more robust methodologies, the correlations in Guilford's data sets are positive. In another reanalysis, randomly generated models were found to be as well supported as Guilford's own theory. Guilford's Structure of Intellect model of human abilities has few supporters today. Carroll (1993) summarized the view of later researchers: "Guilford's SOI model must, therefore, be marked down as a somewhat eccentric aberration in the history of intelligence models. The fact that so much attention has been paid to it is disturbing to the extent that textbooks and other treatments of it have given the impression that the model is valid and widely accepted, when clearly it is not." Selected bibliography Guilford, J.P. (1967). Joy Paul Guilford. A history of psychology in autobiography. 5. 169–191. Guilford, J.P. (1936) Psychometric Methods. New York, NY: McGraw-Hill. Guilford, J.P. (1939) General psychology. New York, NY: D. Van Nostrand Company, Inc. Guilford, J.P. (1950) Creativity, American Psychologist, Volume 5, Issue 9, 444–454. Guilford, J.P. (1967). The Nature of Human Intelligence. Guilford, J.P. & Hoepfner, R. (1971). The Analysis of Intelligence. Guilford, J.P. (1982). Cognitive psychology's ambiguities: Some suggested remedies. Psychological