to the application of living donor and split liver transplantation into adult recipients. In 1991, Dr. Broelsch was recruited back to Germany to lead the transplant program at the University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf where he continued his success in cadaveric and living donor liver transplantation. His next move was in 1998 (through 2007) to the University Hospital in Essen where he became the Professor and Chairman of the Department for General, Visceral and Transplantation Surgery. Broelsch was also the physician of the German president Johannes Rau. Judicial procedures After several cases of live liver donations under questionable circumstances, the public prosecutor's office in Essen initiated investigations against the surgeon. After an exposure report of the WDR journalist Wolfgang Buschfort in 2007, Broelsch was accused in Essen of bribery, coercion, and fraud and tax evasion and was sentenced in the first instance to three years imprisonment without probation. He was accused of granting admission to dozens of patients to the state university clinic in Essen only in return for increased payments. In addition, these extra payments had been declared as donations for research purposes, which was neither true nor legal. Both the public prosecutor's office in Essen and the defense appealed against the ruling to the Federal Court of Justice (Bundesgerichtshof). In 2011, the revision was rejected by the Federal Court of Justice. With the legal force of the verdict, Broelsch also lost his pension entitlement as a civil servant. On 10 October 2011, Broelsch began his prison term in the Bielefeld-Senne Prison. After serving half of his prison term, Broelsch was released on probation on 9 April 2013. Awards (Excerpt) 1969: Doctorate magna cum laude at the University of Düsseldorf 1979: Hermann-Kümmel-Preis, Vereinigung Nordwestdeutscher Chirurgen 1987: Cine-Clinic Award, American College of Surgeons 1991: Order of Merit of the Federal Republic of Germany, Member 1992: Honorary Doctor of Medicine of the Katholieke Universiteit Leuven 1993: Honorary Doctor of Medicine of the Aarhus University 2001: Honorary Doctor of Medicine of the Ancient Order of Druids 2002: Lucie-Bolte-Prize 2004: Order of Merit of the Federal Republic of Germany, Great Cross of Merit Publications Living related liver transplantation: medical and social aspects of a controversial therapy C E Broelsch Department of General Surgery and Transplantation, University Hospital Essen, Hufelandstr 55, 45122 Essen, Germany Gut 50:143-5 Should we expand the criteria for liver transplantation for hepatocellular carcinoma—yes, of course! Christoph Erich Broelsch Department of General