used for its production, such as electrolysis, distillation (low-temperature vacuum rectification), desalination from seawater, Girdler sulfide process, and catalytic exchange. Health claims and critiсism Harriet Hall investigated health claims being attributed to drinking DDW, which has been sold for as much as $20 per liter. In a July 2020 article published at Skeptical Inquirer online, she reported that the overwhelming majority of DDW studies, despite showing positive outcomes, did not involve humans, and the few that did, did not verify any human efficacy. See also Kinetic isotope effect Light water (disambiguation) Properties of water References Water Water chemistry Medical physics Alternative cancer treatments Isotopes