having fewer aldeias (clergy controlled villages) the effect of the expulsion was diminished. Nevertheless, the expulsion did result in the crown confiscation and sale of Jesuit properties. Pombal thought the Jesuits were concealing great wealth in gold and treasure, but searches of confiscated properties yielded no such treasure. An additional effect of the expulsion was in education. The Jesuits had long maintained primacy in education in the Portuguese empire thru their control of the universities at Coimbra and Evora and locally in Olinda by way of their Collegio. From Pombal to Napoleon While Portugal and some areas of Brazil spent the period between Pombal's rule and Napoleon's invasion of Portugal undoing much of Pombal's reforms, Pernambuco continued to experience the ups and downs of the world sugar market. The most significant event in the late Eighteenth Century was external, the slave rebellions in Santo Domingo and Haiti, and the consequent destruction of sugar production there. This marked the beginning of a period of resurgence in the Brazilian and Pernabucan sugar industry. In education, the influence of European thought, especially French thought, was furthered in Pernambuco as the bishop established a seminary in Olinda in 1800. Province of Pernambuco In 1821, the captaincy of Pernambuco became the province of Pernambuco in the Kingdom of Brazil. Its borders have remained relatively unchanged since that time, with the slight change of ceding the south bank of Rio Francisco to Bahia. Administrative evolution: a Recapitulation Pernambuco (Captaincy of Duarte Coelho, from 1535). In 1799 it was divided into the provinces of Pernambuco, Ceará, Rio Grande do Norte, and Paraíba. In 1817 it was divided again into Alagoas and Pernambuco. It was governed by donatarios until 1576, when it began to employ capitães-mor appointed by the donatarios. After the Dutch occupation ended in 1654, the Portuguese Crown took over administration. In 1716, the last donatario sold his rights back to the Crown, and Pernambuco became a Crown colony. 1535 Donátaria Nova Lusitania. 1575 renamed captaincy of Pernambuco. 1582 captaincy of Paraíba subordinated to Pernambuco 16 Jan 1630 – 28 Jan 1654 Dutch occupation (see Dutch Brazil). 1654 subsumed by Governorate (State) of Brazil 1656 Ceará subordinated to Pernambuco. 1701 captaincy of Rio Grande (Rio Grande de Norte and Paraiba) subordinated to Pernambuco. 10 May 1716 Crown colony, captaincy of Pernambuco. 1756 captaincy of Itamaraca merged into Pernambuco 17 Jan 1799 Ceará captaincy split from Pernambuco.