of modern scholars. The land by the floods of the Rangha, where people live who have no chiefs (): Like the first country on the list, Airyanem Vaejah, the last country Rangha is also afflicted by the same evil plague; the Deava-created winter. This makes a location in the north or the mountains plausible. The name Rangha is widely interpreted as the Avestan counterpart of the Rasā, a semi-mystical river known from Vedic geography. Like Airyanem Vaejah, the place name Rangha and its associated river are, therefore, sometimes interpreted to be both a mythological and a geographical location. In summary, there is a broad consensus regarding about half of the lands on this list, while Vakereta, Urva, Khnenta, Ragha, Chakhra and Varena are disputed to varying degrees. Airyanem Vaejah and Rangha, however, remain the most debated items. This is because these two place names may not only be geographical locations, but can also be interpreted as part of Iranian cosmology. This is due to the elusive description of both countries, the fact that they start and end the list, the fact that they are both characterized by the same Deava-created winter, and the fact that they are both connected with a mythical river. As regards Airyanem Vaejah, it has been interpreted as "the traditional homeland" or "the ancient homeland" of the Iranians. These definitions perpetuate interpretations of the Airyanem Vaejah as , of the Indo-Iranians or the . Yasht references While the first chapter of the Vendidad contains the longest and most elaborate geographical description in the Avesta, several of the Yashts (, 'prayer, honor') contain additional information. Of particular interest here are the Mihr Yasht, the Farvardin Yasht, and the Zamyad Yasht, in which a number of passages mention geographically relevant features such as mountains, regions, peoples, and rivers in various contexts. Mihr Yasht The Mihr Yasht is the second longest of the Yashts and is dedicated to the Zoroastrian deity Mithra (, 'covenant'). In it, a second list of Iranian countries is presented, albeit being shorter than the one in the Vendidad. The list is found in verses Yt. 10.12-10.14, where the text describes how Mithra reaches Mount Hara and looks at the entirety of the Iranian lands (): The middle items on this list, namely Haraivian Margu, and Sogdian Gava, are also found in the list of the Vendidad, whereas Chorasmia (, 'nourishing land') is a historical