the same breast. There is axillary lymph node invasion in 2-6% of DCIS cases. DCIS is frequently found during mammograms and makes up 25% of screen-detected breast cancers. The degree of the disease in the breast determines DCIS treatment. In widespread or multifocal DCIS patients, a mastectomy is the recommended choice with the chance of reconstruction. Further clinical trials are being worked on to find an alternative to surgery. There is not a clear cause for DCIS. This type of cancer comes from genetic mutations in the breast duct cells’ DNA. The mutations make the cells look abnormal, but these cells are still not able to leave the breast duct. It is unknown what the exact cause is of this abnormal cell growth that causes DCIS. However, factors that potentially have a role are lifestyle, environment, and passed-down genes. References External Links Pancreas