Dona Brites de Albuquerque, her brother Jeronimo de Albuquerque, and a small armada of settlers and supplies to found his captaincy. Despite historians having few remaining documents relating to Duarte Coelho's governance of what was decidedly the most successful of all the initial captaincies of Brasil, it is clear that the first donatário's initial efforts set Pernambuco on the path to success. Duarte Coehlo directed military actions against the French-allied Caeté Indians and upon their defeat in 1537 established a settlement at the site of a former Marin Indian village, henceforth known as Olinda, as well as another village at Igarassu. During the early 1540s, Duarte Coelho made a visit to Portugal and found backers to invest in engenhos (sugar mills). Duarte wrote the King that fields of cane were planted and one large engenho was nearing completion. In 1576 Pero de Magalhães Gandavo reported that Pernambuco had about 1000 (Portuguese) inhabitants and twenty-three engenhos (three or four not yet completed). In a good year Pernambuco produced more than 50,000 arrobas or 800 tons (1 arroba = 32 lbs ~ 14.75 kg) of sugar. There are varying report of the number of engenhos in Pernambuco during the decade of the 1580s: In 1584 Frei Fernão Cardim reported 66; also in 1584 Pe. José de Anchieta reported 60; In 1587 Gabriel Soares, reported 50; and also about 1587 Lopes Vaz reported 70. In 1612, Pernambuco produced 14,000 tons of sugar. As a result of his leadership, sugar would, by 1570, rival Brazilwood as Pernambuco's most profitable export. He also encouraged the cultivation of cotton. Due to the cultivation of sugar and cotton, Pernambuco was the most successful captaincy in Brazil. Among other problems the first donatário encountered was frontier lawlessness, in part due to the crown policy of sending degredados overseas rather than imprisoning them. While many degredados were convicted and exiled for very minor offenses, there were enough murderers, bandits, thieves, and swindlers that Duarte Coelho called the degredados poison and complained to the King that he could not be expected to straighten out these convicts. While in twenty years, the Captaincy of Pernambuco was flourishing, most of the other captaincies of Brazil were not. (The other successful settlement was São Paulo which was first known as São Vicente). The King decided that a Governor for all of Brazil was necessary. In 1549, Tomé de Sousa was dispatched to the