volunteers were paid US$100 (approximately $ today), with an additional $100 if the volunteer became ill. In March 1901, Maass volunteered to be bitten by a Culex fasciata mosquito (now called Aedes aegypti) that had been allowed to feed on yellow fever patients. By this time, the researchers were certain that mosquitoes were the route of transmission, but lacked the scientific evidence to prove it because some volunteers who were bitten remained healthy. Maass continued to volunteer for experiments. Death On August 14, 1901, Maass allowed herself to be bitten by infected mosquitoes for the second time. Researchers were hoping to show that her earlier case of yellow fever was sufficient to immunize her against the disease. Unfortunately, this was not the case. Maass once again became ill with yellow fever on August 18 and died on August 24. Her death roused public sentiment and put an end to yellow fever experiments on human beings. Maass was buried in Colon Cemetery in Havana with military honors. Her body was moved to Fairmount Cemetery in Newark, New Jersey, on February 20, 1902. Legacy In 1951, the 50th anniversary of her death, Cuba issued a postage stamp in her honour. On June 19, 1952, Newark German Hospital (which had since moved to Belleville, New Jersey) was renamed Clara Maass Memorial Hospital, and it is now known as Clara Maass Medical Center. In 1976, the 100th anniversary of her birth, Maass was honored with a 13¢ United States commemorative stamp. Also in 1976, the American Nurses Association inducted her into its Nursing Hall of Fame. The Calendar of Saints of the Lutheran Church honors Maass and British nurse Florence Nightingale on August 13 as a "Renewer of Society." See also Unethical human experimentation in the United States References External links American Nurses Association Hall of Fame retrieved 2010-04-26 1876 births 1901 deaths Deaths from yellow fever People from East Orange, New Jersey Walter Reed American Lutherans People celebrated in the Lutheran liturgical calendar American people of German descent American nurses American women nurses People of the Spanish–American War Female wartime nurses Burials at Fairmount Cemetery (Newark, New Jersey) Infectious disease deaths in Cuba Human subject research in the United States