(Japan): first interchangeable lens camera to be sold with a zoom lens as the primary lens. The AZ-1's Fujinon-Z 43-75mm f/3.5-4.5 zoom, despite its modest specifications, was the earliest attempt to supersede the 35 mm SLRs heretofore standard 50 to 58 mm "normal" prime lens with today's ubiquitous zoom lens. The regular Fujinon-Z 55mm f/1.8 lens remained a popular option.Lea, p. 94 The AZ-1 was also one of the last Japanese-made M42 screw mount cameras released.Hansen and Dierdorff, pp. 36, 38, 62 The purchase of a zoom instead of a prime as the first lens became normal with virtually all amateur 35 mm SLRs in the latter 1980s. 1977 Minolta XD11 (Japan; called XD7 in Europe, XD in Japan): first dual mode autoexposure SLR. Had both aperture-priority and shutter-priority autoexposure.Norman Goldberg, Michele A. Frank and P. I. Moore, "Lab Report: Minolta XD-11 [sic]," pp. 123–127, 132, 166, 188. Popular Photography, Volume 86, Number 1; January 1979. Mayer, Minolta Classic Cameras. pp. 28–49Wade, Collector's Guide. pp. 157–158 Previously, each AE SLR brand offered only one or the other mode, and aggressively touted their choice as superior to other. The XD11 offered both modes and trumped the debate. 1978 Canon A-1 (Japan): first SLR with an electronically controlled programmed autoexposure mode. Instead of the photographer picking a shutter speed to freeze or blur motion and choosing a lens aperture f-stop to control depth of field (focus), the A-1 had a microprocessor computer programmed to automatically select a compromise exposure from light meter input."Annual Guide: 46 Top Cameras: Canon A-1," p. 106. Modern Photography, Volume 42, Number 12; December 1978. Norman Goldberg, Michele A. Frank and Frank D. Grande, "Lab Report: Canon A-1," pp. 125–129, 131, 142, 144–145, 228. Popular Photography, Volume 86 Number 4; April 1979. Virtually all cameras had some sort of program mode or modes by the mid-1980s. It was also the first camera to have all four of the now standard PASM (program/aperture-priority/shutter-priority/manual) exposure modes. Canon's long term emphasis on the highest possible technology eventually allowed the company to dominate the 35 mm SLR market; first at the amateur level, with their AE-1 (see above) and A-1,Kusumoto with Murray, p. 213 and then (despite a stumble in the mid-1980s when they came late to autofocus) the professional level in the early 1990s with the Canon EOS-1 (Japan) of 1989. Canon remains the leading digital SLR maker, with a 38%