some supporting references to Edwin in the writings of Reginald of Durham and the Welsh Triads. However, there is no evidence that Æthelfrith was in pursuit of Edwin. The battle's outcome was once believed to have led to the severing of the land connection between Wales and the Old North - the old northern Brythonic kingdoms of Rheged and Kingdom of Strathclyde. However this view is now "generally understood" to be outdated as there is "almost no archaeological evidence for Anglo-Saxon settlement within the pagan period in Cheshire or Lancashire". In any case, the sea would have been the primary means of travel and trade in this period. It also seems unlikely that Æthelfrith was protecting Anglian settlers in the area. Instead Æthelfrith may have been planning to attack Powys. The fact that he attacked the monks first, and only secondly the defending army, may perhaps be explained as a ruse to throw the defence into disarray. See also History of Cheshire Notes References Secondary sources Morris, John (1973). The Age of Arthur. Weidenfeld & Nicolson. Primary sources Annales Cambriae (c. 10th century), tr. See also Trioedd Ynys Prydein, ed. and tr. Reginald of Durham, Life of St. Oswald (c. 1150) Brut y Brenhinedd (MS Cotton Cleopatra), ed. Geoffrey of Monmouth, Historia Regum Britanniae (1136) Further reading 616 610s conflicts 7th century in England Chester 616 Chester Chester Chester Military history of Cheshire History of Chester 615 7th century in Wales