Therefore, the digital age has produced a new kind of fiduciary obligation analogous to those the law imposes on money managers and on professionals like doctors, lawyers, and accountants. Balkin argues that digital information fiduciaries must act in a trustworthy fashion toward their end-users. They must respect end-user privacy and may not manipulate end-users. Those who develop and employ robots, artificial intelligence agents, and algorithms may also be information fiduciaries toward their customers and end-users. In addition, firms may not engage in "algorithmic nuisance": using people's digital identities to discriminate and manipulate them and shifting the costs of algorithmic decisionmaking onto the general public. Balkin argues that the obligations of information fiduciaries and the duty not to be algorithmic nuisances are part of new laws of robotics. Unlike Asimov's famous three laws of robotics, these laws are directed not to robots but to the people and organizations who design, own, and operate them. Balkin argues that robotic and artificial intelligence technologies mediate relationships of power between different groups of people; therefore law must focus on regulating the people, firms, and social groups who use robots and artificial intelligence as much as on the technologies themselves. Selected works As author The Cycles of Constitutional Time (2020) Democracy and Dysfunction (2019)(with Sanford Levinson) Living Originalism (2011) Constitutional Redemption: Political Faith in an Unjust World (2011) The Laws of Change: I Ching and the Philosophy of Life (2002) Cultural Software: A Theory of Ideology (1998) As editor Processes of Constitutional Decisionmaking (Aspen Publications, 7th edition 2018 ) (with Paul Brest, Sanford Levinson, Akhil Amar, and Reva Siegel). The Constitution in 2020 (Oxford Univ. Press 2009 ) (with Reva B. Siegel) Cybercrime: Digital Cops in a Networked Environment (NYU Press 2007 ) (with James Grimmelmann et al.) The State of Play: Law, Games, and Virtual Worlds (NYU Press 2006 ) (with Beth Simone Noveck) What Roe v. Wade Should Have Said (NYU Press 2005 ) What Brown v. Board of Education Should Have Said (NYU Press 2001 ) Legal Canons (NYU Press 2000 ) (with Sanford Levinson) Journal articles Verdi's High C, 91 Tex. L. Rev. 1687 (2013) Pdf. See also List of thinkers influenced by deconstruction References External links Jack Balkin's Home Page Jack Balkin's Bibliography Jack Balkin's Blog, Balkinization Yale Information Society Project Yale Faculty Profile Videos of debates and discussions involving Balkin on BloggingHeads.tv 1956 births Alumni of the University of