12–19. Davis, R.H.C. A History of Medieval Europe: From Constantine to Saint Louis, Third Edition. New York: Taylor and Francis, 2006. Dunphy, Graeme, “Annales Fuldenses." From Encyclopedia of the Medieval Chronicle, Ed Graeme Dunphy, Cristian Bratu. https://dx.doi.org/10.1163/2213-2139_emc_SIM_00131. Accessed November 18, 2018. 890s conflicts 891 Leuven Leuven Leuven 891 Battle of Leuven (0891) Viking Age in France 9th century in East Francia Medieval Belgium