commercial banking and investment banking. After the assassination of Herrhausen by the Red Army Faction in 1989, however, cooperation came to a standstill. With the acquisition of Morgan Grenfell, the consulting business was less in focus at Deutsche Bank. After Deutsche Bank's entry, Roland Berger was able to almost double its turnover, which was mainly due to the globalization of its activities. Due to regulatory requirements, however, the company was denied access to the U.S. market, so that it increasingly focused on the East. After the fall of the Iron Curtain, Roland Berger founded subsidiaries in countries of the former Eastern Bloc. The company also expanded into Japan, China, and India. Advice to the Treuhandanstalt The fall of the Berlin Wall opened up additional opportunities for growth in the domestic market for the company. As early as December 1989, Roland Berger began building its business in the German Democratic Republic, where it quickly became the leading management consultancy. In addition to private assignments, the firm has also advised the Treuhandanstalt privatization agency on the privatization and restructuring of state-owned companies. Roland Berger played a key role in examining the company's business concepts, which is why the Wirtschaftswoche described the company as the "secret ruler of the East German economy". By 1992, however, Roland Berger was receiving far fewer such assignments. The East German private companies were mostly medium-sized companies with less need for consulting. Partnership and independence Finally, in 1998 there was a major change in the ownership structure. In a management buyout, the partners of Roland Berger took over the shares. The management expected the bank's exit to accelerate growth, as profits could be invested more flexibly. The company gained unimpeded access to the US market. Deutsche Bank initially retained a minority stake in the single-digit percentage range, from which it finally sold its stake in 2000. Roland Berger was then completely independent again. In 2001, Roland Berger announced his move from management to the supervisory board. In 2002, the Partners elected Burkhard Schwenker as the new boss. In addition to consultants, the company increasingly hired engineers. Personnel consulting was discontinued. In 2010 Martin C. Wittig was elected as the new head of Roland Berger. Burkhard Schwenker replaced Roland Berger as Chairman of the Supervisory Board, while Roland Berger remained associated with the board as honorary chair. Roland Berger's retirement from the Supervisory Board marked the beginning of a