The Inquiry was co-chaired by Alvin Hamilton, former Associate Chief Justice of Manitoba of the Court of Queen's Bench, and Murray Sinclair, then-Associate Chief Judge of the Provincial Court and former Justice of the Court of Queen's Bench. Final report The final report of the Aboriginal Justice Inquiry was presented in the fall of 1991, and made 296 recommendations in total. In its first page, the report summarized the relationship between Indigenous people and the justice system:The justice system has failed Manitoba’s Aboriginal people on a massive scale. It has been insensitive and inaccessible, and has arrested and imprisoned Aboriginal people in grossly disproportionate numbers. Aboriginal people who are arrested are more likely than non-Aboriginal people to be denied bail, spend more time in pre-trial detention and spend less time with their lawyers, and, if convicted, are more likely to be incarcerated…. It is not merely that the justice system has failed Aboriginal people; justice has also been denied to them. For more than a century the rights of Aboriginal people have been ignored and eroded.The report said that, during the jury selection process in the Osborne case, defence counsel used its peremptory challenges to eliminate the 6 Indigenous people called from the jury panel. Commissioner Murray Sinclair noted that, at that time, 70% of the people in northern Manitoba were Indigenous, yet none of the people on the jury were Indigenous. The AJI recommended the abolition of the use of peremptory challenges:While the practice of challenging people without having to give a reason is sanctioned by the Criminal Code, we question the logic and fairness of allowing the practice to continue when its application can prevent Aboriginal people from sitting on a jury solely because they are Aboriginal.The report also said that delays in responding to summonses can effectively exclude Indigenous participation in jury duty: many Indigenous people in remote areas have limited access to mail and telephones, and those living in urban areas change residences more frequently than non-Indigenous people. As such, the report recommended that when an exemption is granted by a sheriff, the person ought to be replaced by someone from the same community. It also recommended that all jury summonses be enforced, even when a sufficient number jurors have responded. One of the integral elements of the Inquiry's reform strategy was the recommendation for the establishment of Aboriginal justice systems. In late November 1999, to