in which ovulation is present. Diminished ovarian reserve, also see Poor Ovarian Reserve Premature menopause Menopause Luteal dysfunction Gonadal dysgenesis (Turner syndrome) Tubal (ectopic)/peritoneal factors Endometriosis (also see endometriosis and infertility) Pelvic adhesions Pelvic inflammatory disease (PID, usually due to chlamydia) Tubal dysfunction Previous ectopic pregnancy. A randomized study in 2013 came to the result that the rates of intrauterine pregnancy two years after treatment of ectopic pregnancy are approximately 64% with radical surgery, 67% with medication, and 70% with conservative surgery. In comparison, the cumulative pregnancy rate of women under 40 years of age in the general population over two years is over 90%. Hydrosalpinx is the most frequent. This happens when there is a presence of fluid on the tubes. We have some ways to test it: Hysterosalphingography, in which we can see both the uterus (Hystero) and the tubes. Hysterosonosalphingography, in which we see only the uterus. This tests are used to check if the tubes are permeable or if there is any obstacle in the path to the uterus. We have to introduce a liquid contrast via vagina, and we check its path via x-ray. If the tube is blocked, the contrast liquid will be stopped in the tubes, but if it's not blocked, it will end in the abdominal cavity. The flow of this contrast needs peristaltic movements. This blockage can be produced by sexually transmitted diseases, previous surgery, peritonitis or endometriosis. Uterine factors Uterine malformations Uterine fibroids Asherman's syndrome Implantation failure without any known primary cause. It results in negative pregnancy test despite having performed e.g. embryo transfer. Previously, a bicornuate uterus was thought to be associated with infertility, but recent studies have not confirmed such an association. Cervical factors Cervical stenosis Antisperm antibodies Non-receptive cervical mucus Vaginal factors Vaginismus Vaginal obstruction Interrupted meiosis Meiosis. a special type of cell division specific to germ cells, produces egg cells in women. During meiosis, accurate segregation of chromosomes must occur during two rounds of division to create, upon fertilisation, a zygote with a proper diploid(euploid) set of chromosomes. About half of all spontaneous abortions are aneuploid, that is, have an improper set of chromosomes. Human genetic variants that likely cause dysregulation of critical meiotic processes have been identified in 14 female infertility associated genes. A major cause of female infertility is premature ovarian insufficiency. This insufficiency is a heterogeneous disease that affects about 1% of women