Company (SALC), which lobbied for a Royal Charter to establish a colony in Australia which would be administered by those who were developing the land in the colony, with the sales of the land financing assistance to certain categories of emigrants to the colony. Not getting government approval for a chartered colony, supporters then formed the South Australian Association in 1834, with a similar aim. Finally this resulted in the passage of the 1834 Act, although the provisions did not quite match up to those of their original scheme. The Duke of Wellington, Irish-born field marshal and statesman, and victor at Waterloo, has been credited with securing the passage of the Act through the House of Lords. The 1834 Act set out the conditions for the establishment of the Province of South Australia, and granted authority for this to be done by the action of the King at a later date. By the means provided for in this Act, South Australia would become the only colony whose establishment was authorised by an Act of Parliament, and also incorporated unique features such as the requirement that it would be settled and developed at no cost to the United Kingdom. In February 1836 King William IV signed the Letters Patent, signalling the final action needed to establish the Province under this Act. This Act and the Letters Patent together achieved the founding of the colony, but with Wakefield's original plan failing to provide effective governance, having brought the colony to near-bankruptcy, a second Act was enacted in 1842 to bring the colony under direct rule of the Crown. The Act The Act recognised that these lands were inhabitable, and made provision for colonisation, government, and the funding of the new settlement on these lands. The Act states that the land specified by the Act is "waste" and "unoccupied". This statement was subsequently modified slightly by the Letters Patent establishing the Province of South Australia in 1836, which acknowledged some rights and occupation by Aboriginal people. The Act specifically provided for a limited independence of Government, whereby all laws made by the government in South Australia were to be presented to the King-in-Council in the United Kingdom. The Act defined the province of South Australia as being "...that part of Australia which lies between the meridians of the one hundred and thirty-second and one hundred and forty-first degrees of east longitude, and between