as inherently hydrophobic, but not distinguished as superhydrophobic since its contact angle is not higher than 150°. With the adhesion of silica nanoparticles, contact angles as high as 162° are achieved. Using silica nano-particles is also of interest to develop transparent hydrophobic materials for car windshields and self-cleaning windows. By coating an already transparent surface with nano-silica with about 1 wt%, droplet contact angles can be raised up to 168° with a 12° sliding angle. An efficient routine has been reported for making linear low-density polyethylene superhydrophobic and thus self-cleaning; 99% of dirt deposited on such a surface is easily washed away. Patterned superhydrophobic surfaces also have the promises for the lab-on-a-chip, microfluidic devices and can drastically improve the surface based bioanalysis. In the textile industry, superhydrophobicity refers to static roll-off angles of water of 20° or less. An example of superhydrophobic effect in live application is the team Alinghi in America's Cup using specially treated sailing jackets. The treatment is built up by micrometre size particles in combination with traditional fluorine chemistry. There has been a recent development of super hydrophobic paper which has unique properties for its application in paper based electronics and medical industry. The paper is synthesized in an organic free medium which makes it environment friendly. The paper has antimicrobial properties as it does not hold moisture so it makes it perfect for surgical applications. This paper can be a huge breakthrough for the paper based electronics industry. The resistance to aqueous and organic solvents makes it an ideal choice in developing electronic sensors and chips. Skin based analyte detection is now possible without damaging and continuous replacing of the electrodes as this paper will be immune to sweat. With its endless applications this field of material science is sure to be more explored. A recent application of hydrophobic structures and materials is in the development of micro fuel cell chips. Reactions within the fuel cell produce waste gas which can be vented out through these hydrophobic membranes. The membrane consists of many microcavities which allow the gas to escape, while its hydrophobicity characteristic prevents the liquid fuel from leaking through. More fuel flows in to replace the volume previously kept by the waste gas, and the reaction is allowed to continue. A well-known application of ultrahydrophobic surfaces is on heat exchangers, where they can improve droplet shedding and even cause jumping-droplet condensation, with potential