(student of law; secretary of the National Association of Czech Students in Bohemia and Moravia) Jan Černý (student of medicine; requested the release of students arrested by the Gestapo during Opletal's funeral) Marek Frauwirth (student of economics; as an employee of the Slovak embassy in Prague, he was issuing false passports to Jews trying to flee from the Nazis) Bedřich Koula (student of law; secretary of the Association of Czech students in Bohemia) Václav Šafránek (student of architecture; record-keeper of the National Association of Czech Students in Bohemia and Moravia) František Skorkovský (student of law; Director of a Committee of the Confédération Internationale des Étudiants, Chairman of the Foreign Department of the National Association of Czech Students in Bohemia and Moravia) An initial idea to commemorate the atrocities inflicted on students in German-occupied Czechoslovakia was discussed among Czechoslovak Army troops in England in 1940. A small group of soldiers, former elected student officials, decided to renew the Central Association of Czechoslovak Students (USCS) which had been disbanded by the German Protectorate in Czechoslovakia. The idea of commemorating the 17 November tragedy was discussed with the British National Union of Students of England and Wales and other foreign students fighting the Nazis from England. With the support of Edvard Beneš, President-in-Exile of Czechoslovakia, the USCS was reestablished in London on 17 November 1940, one year after the events at the Czech universities, with the following members: Václav Paleček, Chairman Čeněk Adamec, Vice Chairman Karel Macháček, Vice Chairman Bohuslav Šulc, Secretary General Božetěch Dubový, Treasurer Pavel Kavan, Chairman of the Foreign Section Lubor Zink, Chairman of the Cultural Section Leopold Rozbořil, Chairman of the Organization Section Jiří Bleier, Chairman of the Social Section Milan Smutný, Chairman of the High School Section Gustav Galko Throughout 1941 efforts were made to convince students of other nations to acknowledge 17 November as a day of commemoration, celebrating and encouraging resistance against the Nazis and the fight for freedom and democracy in all nations. These negotiating efforts were mostly carried out by Zink, Paleček, Kavan and Lena Chivers, Vice President of the NUS. Fourteen countries eventually agreed and signed the following proclamation:We, students of Great Britain and its territories and India, North and South America, the USSR, Belgium, Czechoslovakia, France, Greece, China, Holland, Norway, Poland, Yugoslavia and all free nations, to honour and commemorate the tortured and executed students who were the first to raise their