skills. The caçadores were as effective as the British light infantry and fought side by side with their allies. The Portuguese units were attached to the British regiments, the Duke of Wellington being the commander of the joint forces. Commanders included : William Beresford Francisco de Paula Leite Bernardim Freire de Andrade Miguel Pereira Forjaz Carlos Frederico Lecor Francisco Silveira Kingdom of Prussia Commanders included: Gebhard Leberecht von Blücher Charles William Ferdinand, Duke of Brunswick Frederick Louis, Prince of Hohenlohe-Ingelfingen Russian Empire Commanders included: Michael Andreas Barclay de Tolly Mikhail Illarionovich Kutuzov Count Bennigsen Pyotr Bagration Peter Wittgenstein Kingdom of Spain After the defeat of Spain and the deportation of the king and his family to France, the Spanish army was divided in several parts between 1812 and 1814. The 1st army in Catalonia was dissolved by the French in 1811, but gathered again and in 1813 was 16,000 man strong, under General Francisco Copons y Navia. The 2nd army in Valencia was defeated and dissolved, but had gathered again in 1813 under general Elio and was then 30,000 man strong. It incorporated the former guerrilla troops led by El Empecinado. The 3rd army in Murcia, 21,000 man strong, was under the Prince of Anglona in 1814. The 4th army, between 46,000 men and 30,000 man strong, was under the command of the Duke of Wellington. The 5th to 9th army were integrated into the 4th army. The Spanish troops included about 160,000 men in 1813. Also very active were the Spanish guerrilla troops, which in 1812 were the strongest Spanish forces. They fought most independently of the time, but were also co-ordinated by the British. There was a guerrilla force on the British right flank in the Battle of Fuentes de Onoro. Commanders included : Francisco Javier Castaños, 1st Duke of Bailén Gregorio García de la Cuesta Joaquín Blake y Joyes Kingdom of Sweden See also References and notes Sources Chartrand, René: Spanish Army of the Napoleonic Wars (3) 1812–1815 (German translation and excerpt) Osprey 2002 Crauford, Alexander H.: General Crauford and his light division (reprint Naval & Military Press 2006) Haythornthwaite, Philip: Weapons & Equipment of the Napoleonic Wars Arms and Armour 1996 External links Armies of Napoleonic Wars