Antimycin A (more exactly Antimycin A1b) is a secondary metabolite produced by Streptomyces bacteria and a member of a group of related compounds called antimycins. Antimycin A is classified as an extremely hazardous substance in the United States, as defined in Section 302 of the U.S. Emergency Planning and Community Right-to-Know Act (42 U.S.C. 11002), and is subject to strict reporting requirements by facilities which produce, store, or use it in significant quantities. Use Antimycin A is the active ingredient in Fintrol, a chemical piscicide (fish poison) used in fisheries management. Antimycin A was first discovered in 1945 and registered for use as a fish toxicant in 1960. Fintrol ® is the only currently registered product containing Antimycin A and is classified as a restricted use pesticide because of its aquatic toxicity and requirement for highly specialized training in order to use it. In 1993, several toxicology studies were submitted to the United States Environmental Protection Agency yielding its toxicity. Fintrol is used primarily by federal and state governments in order to eliminate invasive species in an area where resident species are threatened. Antimycin A is added drop-wise in order to reach a concentration of 25 parts per billion. These drip stations are typically used upstream in an area that is accessible to boats and traffic. In deeper bodies of water, a pump mechanism is used to disperse Antimycin A through a perforated hose stretching the length of the water column. In aquaculture, Antimycin A is used as an agent to enhance catfish production via selective killing small and more sensitive species. When Antimycin A is added at 25 ppb it provides a complete kill. However at 10 ppb, Antimycin A is used as a selective killing agent to kill smaller or more sensitive species that may reduce the yield of commercial farming. Products Containing Antimycin A can be registered providing they follow risk mitigation procedures. To date there has been no usage in human medicine, although its possibility as a chemotherapeutic was explored. Mechanism of action Antimycin A is an inhibitor of cellular respiration, specifically oxidative phosphorylation. Antimycin A binds to the Qi site of cytochrome c reductase, inhibiting the oxidation of ubiquinol to ubiquinone in the Qi site, thereby disrupting the Q-cycle of enzyme turn over. It also will cause the disruption of the entire electron transport chain. Due to this, there can be no production of ATP.