was consubstantial with the Father", by which they came to be known as the Qebat ("Unction") faction, who were supported by the Emperor's own son Iyasu; they were opposed by the monks of Debre Libanos, who at that time still advocated traditional Miaphysitism. The outcome of the synod is in dispute: according to E.A. Wallis-Budge and H. Weld Blundell, Emperor Yohannes was convinced to condemn the Qebat doctrine, which led to Iyasu attempting to flee his father's realm; but according to Crummey, Yohannes favored the Gojjame delegation for political reasons: at the time Gojjam was an important province. These decisions were revisited once Iyasu became Emperor, at a synod he called in 1686. Family Spouse Sources mentions only Sabla Wangel as the spouse of Emperor Yohannes I. She married Yohannes in October 1668 and likely gave birth to all (or almost all) of his offsprings. The marriage was dissolved in 1678 by the order of the Abun of Alexandria, on the grounds that it was incestuous. Sabla Wangel's father was Gabra Maskal, the husband of Yohannes's paternal aunt, and therefore Sabla Wangel was a niece of Yohannes. Nonetheless, the former empress is remembered as a ‘‘great patroness of literature’’ who was knowledgeable about theological books and supported the production of manuscripts. Sabla Wangel died on 13 January 1690 and was buried as a queen in the royal cemetery on the island of Mesrasha at Lake Tana alongside Yohannes I. Descendants Emperor Yohannes I had 5 sons (four of whom were named in sources), and 2 daughters. ● Yostos was his eldest son. He served as the governor of Semien. He died on 11 June 1676. ● Iyasu the Great was his second son and successor. ● Tewoflos was his third son. Tewoflos reigned as Emperor between 1708 and 1711. ● Gelawdewos was his fourth son. Gelawdewos died after being struck by lighting, and was buried on the island of Mesrasha on Lake Tana. ● Amlakawit was his eldest daughter. She married Basha Walda Giyorgis, a powerful retainer under Yohannes I. Amlakawit died young in 1669. ● Eleni his second daughter of Yohannes I; her mother is not named in the sources. She was one of the most influential woman of late 17th century Ethiopia. She died in 1708. Notes References Further reading Richard K. P. Pankhurst. The Ethiopian Royal Chronicles. Addis Ababa: Oxford University Press, 1967. 1640s births 1682 deaths