Mary Lucinda Bonney (after marriage, Mary Lucinda Bonney Rambaut; June 8, 1816 – July 24, 1900) born in Hamilton, New York, was a 19th-century American educator and advocate for Native American rights. She is considered to be the most important woman in the Native American movement to protect their tribal lands. She was also involved in the early movement to provide for girls' education. With fellow teacher Harriette A. Dillaye, in 1850 she founded a female seminary in Philadelphia. It became known as the Ogontz School for Young Ladies after it moved to a suburban estate of that name. After a second move, the last campus was developed after 1950 as Penn State Abington. In collaboration with Amelia Stone Quinton, Bonney founded the Women's National Indian Association, which worked initially to defend Native American land rights against settler encroachment. They eventually supported assimilation of Native Americans to the majority culture, including support for the Dawes Act of 1887. This proposed allotment of lands in Indian Territory to individual Indian households, the end of tribal governments, and support for the tribes to take up subsistence farming. Early life and education Mary Bonney was the fourth child of six in her family, who were devoted Baptists. Her parents were Benjamin and Lucinda (Wilder) Bonney. She was the granddaughter of Benjamin Bonney and of Abel Wilder, both of Chesterfield, Massachusetts, and both soldiers in the American Revolutionary War. After her parents started her education at Ladies Academy in Hamilton, New York, she transferred to the Emma Willard School in Troy. Here she found a classical curriculum that was nearly identical to that provided in men's colleges. After two years at Emma Willard School, Bonney graduated in 1835 and began her teaching career. She taught in a variety of cities and states, ranging from Jersey City and other places in New Jersey, New York City, South Carolina, Providence, Rhode Island; and Philadelphia, among others. She first taught in New Jersey. Next she moved to New York City, where she became the principal of academy in De Ruyter, before she took a temporary teaching spot at her alma mater. In 1842 she moved to the South in order to be in charge of a girls' school in Beaufort, South Carolina. After six years, she returned to the North, teaching in Providence, Rhode Island. A year later she moved to Philadelphia to take another teaching position.