Guitar tunings are the assignment of pitches to the open strings of guitars, including acoustic guitars, electric guitars, and classical guitars. Tunings are described by the particular pitches that are made by notes in Western music. By convention, the notes are ordered and arranged from the lowest-pitched string (i.e., the deepest bass-sounding note) to the highest-pitched string (i.e., the highest sounding note), or the thickest string to thinnest, or the lowest frequency to the highest. This sometimes confuses beginner guitarists, since the highest-pitched string is referred to as the 1st string, and the lowest-pitched is the 6th string. Standard tuning defines the string pitches as E, A, D, G, B, and E, from the lowest pitch (low E2) to the highest pitch (high E4). Standard tuning is used by most guitarists, and frequently used tunings can be understood as variations on standard tuning. To aid in memorising these notes, mnemonics are used, for example, Every Acid Dealer Gets Busted Eventually. The term guitar tunings may refer to pitch sets other than standard tuning, also called nonstandard, alternative, or alternate. There are hundreds of these tunings, often with small variants of established tunings. Communities of guitarists who share a common musical tradition often use the same or similar tuning styles. Standard and alternatives Standard Standard tuning is the tuning most frequently used on a six-string guitar and musicians assume this tuning by default if a specific alternate (or scordatura) is not mentioned. In scientific pitch notation, the guitar's standard tuning consists of the following notes: {| class="wikitable" |+ String frequenciesof standard tuning ! String !! Frequency !! Scientificpitchnotation |- style="text-align:center" | 1 (E) || 329.63 Hz || E4 |- style="text-align:center" | 2 (B) || 246.94 Hz || B3 |- style="text-align:center" | 3 (G) || 196.00 Hz || G3 |- style="text-align:center" | 4 (D) || 146.83 Hz || D3 |- style="text-align:center" | 5 (A) || 110.00 Hz || A2 |- style="text-align:center" | 6 (E) || 82.41 Hz || E2 |} The guitar is a transposing instrument; that is, music for guitars is notated one octave higher than the true pitch. This is to reduce the need for ledger lines in music written for the instrument, and thus simplify the reading of notes when playing the guitar. Standard tuning provides reasonably simple fingering (fret-hand movement) for playing standard scales and basic chords in all major and minor keys. Separation of the first (high