What If? 2, subtitled More What If?: Eminent Historians Imagine What Might Have Been, is an anthology of twenty-five essays dealing with counterfactual history. It was published by G.P. Putnam's Sons in 2001, , and edited by Robert Cowley. It is the successor of What If? It was combined with the original What If? in The Collected What If? Essays "Socrates Dies at Delium, 424 BC" by Victor Davis Hanson What if Socrates had died before his philosophy was written down by Plato? "Not by a Nose" by Josiah Ober What if Antony and Cleopatra had won the Battle of Actium? "Pontius Pilate Spares Jesus" by Carlos M. N. Eire What if Jesus had not been crucified and instead lived into old age? "Repulse at Hastings, October 14, 1066" by Cecelia Holland What if William had not conquered England? "The Chinese Discovery of the New World, 15th century" by Theodore F. Cook, Jr. What if Zheng He's expeditions had been allowed to continue? "Martin Luther Burns at the Stake, 1521" by Geoffrey Parker What if Martin Luther had been sentenced to death at the Diet of Worms? "If Charles I Had Not Left Whitehall, August 1641" by Theodore K. Rabb What if the English king had died from an outbreak of plague in 1641? "Napoléon's Invasion of North America" by Thomas Fleming What if yellow fever had not decimated the French forces in Haiti in 1802? "If Lincoln Had Not Freed the Slaves" by Tom Wicker What if there was no Emancipation Proclamation? "France Turns the Other Cheek, July 1870" by Alistair Horne What if there had been no Franco-Prussian War? "The Election of Theodore Roosevelt, 1912" by John Lukacs What if Roosevelt had received the Republican nomination for President over incumbent William Howard Taft in 1912? "The Great War Torpedoed" by Robert L. O'Connell What if German Chancellor Theobald von Bethmann Hollweg had not prevented the Imperial German Navy from continuing unrestricted submarine warfare after the Sinking of the RMS Lusitania? "No Finland Station" by George Feifer What if Lenin had been stopped before he arrived at Petrograd? "The Luck of Franklin Delano Roosevelt" by Geoffrey C. Ward What if FDR's life or circumstances had been different in the 20th century? (Seven counterfactual scenarios are presented here.) "The War of 1938" by Williamson Murray What if Britain and France had declared war on Nazi Germany after the invasion of