beyond the frame of view to be vividly defined. The Limbourgs developed a more naturalistic mode of representation and developed portraiture of people and surroundings. Religious figures do not inhabit free open space and courtiers are framed by vegetation. This is reminiscent of a more classical representation (Longnon, Cazelles and Meiss 1969). Some conventions used by the Limbourgs, such as a diaper background or the portrayal of night, were influenced by artists such as Taddeo Gaddi. These conventions were transformed completely into the artist's unique interpretation (Longnon, Cazelles and Meiss 1969). Manion offers a stylistic analysis of the psalter specifically. The psalters offer a systematic program of illuminations corresponding to the individual psalms. These images are linked together, but are not in the numerical order of the psalter. This emphasizes the idea of the abbreviated psalter, where each psalm is illustrated once (Manion 1995). The miniatures are not modeled on any specific visual or literary precedence when compared with other fourteenth century psalters. The manuscript offers a literal interpretation of the words and lacks a selection of more personal prayers. This emphasizes the didactic use of the book of hours (Manion 1995). Notes References Alexander, Jonathan (1990). "Labeur and Paresse: Ideological Representations of Medieval Peasant Labor", Art Bulletin, vol. 72, pp. 443–452. Camille, Michael (1990). "The Très Riches Heures: An Illuminated Manuscript in the Age of Mechanical Reproduction." Critical Inquiry, vol. 17 (Autumn), pp. 72–107, . Cazelles, Raymond; Rathofer, Johannes (1988). Illuminations of heaven and earth : the glories of the Très riches heures du duc de Berry. New York: H.N. Abrams. . Delisle, Léopold (1884). "Les livres d'heures du duc de Berry", in three parts. Gazette des Beaux-Arts, period 2, vol. 29, pp. 97–110, pp. 281–292, pp. 391–405. Husband, Timothy (2008). The Art of Illumination: The Limbourg Brothers and the Belles Heures of Jean de France, Duc de Berry. New Haven: Yale University Press. . Longnon, John; Cazelles, Raymond; Meiss, Millard (1969). The Tres Riches Heures of Jean, Duke of Berry. New York: G. Braziller. . Manion, Margaret M. (1995). "Psalter Illustration in the Très Riches Heures of Jean de Berry." Gesta (International Center of Medieval Art) vol. 34, no. 2, pp. 147–161. Manion, Margaret M. (1996). "Très Riches Heures. Book of Hours.", vol. 31, pp. 308–310, in The Dictionary of Art, edited by Jane Turner, reprinted with minor corrections in 1998. New York: Grove. . Also at Oxford