speed with which he was elected indicates that the pro-Imperial Clementine party in Rome was still well organized at the time. Among his known supporters were Romano, a cardinal who had taken part in the conciliabulum of 1098, and Romano's nephew, Giovanni Oddoline. Adalbert retained his baptismal name as pope. A pallium was made for Adalbert, although it could not be laid on Saint Peter's tomb, because the Clementine faction did not control it. Adalbert's first public appearance drew a large crowd and rapidly degenerated into unrest. The situation eventually got so bad that he was forced to take refuge in the basilica of San Marcello al Corso under the protection of Romano and Giovanni Oddoline. Many clergy who tried to reach the church were beaten and stripped naked by the mob. Paschal II then bribed Giovanni to hand the antipope over. Adalbert was stripped of his pallium and handed over to Paschal's forces. His pontificate had lasted 105 days. He was led behind a horse (as a sign of contempt) to the Lateran Palace, where Paschal was residing. He was then imprisoned in a tower. The Annales Romani and the biography of Paschal in the Liber pontificalis agree that the acceptance of the bribe and the antipope's imprisonment took place in the space of one day. Adalbert was eventually sent to the Benedictine monastery of San Lorenzo in Aversa, where he spent the rest of his life. The date of his death and the place of burial are not known. In 1105, the pro-Imperial party elected Maginulf as Sylvester IV in opposition to Paschal, but he was no more successful than his predecessors for he too lacked imperial support. References Year of birth unknown Year of death unknown 11th-century Italian Roman Catholic bishops 12th-century antipopes 11th-century Italian cardinals Italian Benedictines