of race and challenge Castro's idea of colorless, or "color-blind," society. However, the Orishas relocated to Paris in 1998. There, they produced rap and hip hop with the classic Cuban sounds of salsa and rumba. In 2003 Europe based female Cuban singer Addys Mercedes released her innovative album "Nomad" mixing her Cuban roots with elements of hip hop, house and R&B. In her 2012 released 3rd album "Addys", which was mainly produced in a singer/songwriter atmosphere, Addys Mercedes in the song "Alma Latina" was rapping about immigration from Cuba. The movement dwindled in popularity in the mid-2000s. Constrained by the state and seeing better economic opportunities elsewhere, artists like Ariel Fernandez Diaz and Las Krudas left for the United States, Europe, or other countries in Latin America. They constitute a Cuban hip-hop voluntary exile community that utilizes more widely available Internet resources and exposure to voice socially-conscious messages. Los Aldeanos led a new generation of raperos in the late 2000s and early 2010s who rejected a conciliatory tone towards the Cuban government. Facing censorship for more aggressive anti-state rhetoric, the group was controversial within Cuba. In recent years, it has been discovered that the group was in part financed by a Serbian contractor. Additional accusations of support from USAID contribute to a state belief that Los Aldeanos worked against the Revolution. Like many other groups, the duo has moved abroad to more freely work. Films 2003 - Inventos: Hip Hop Cubano. Directed by Eli Jacobs-Fantauzzi. 2006- "East of Havana". Directed by Jauretsi Saizarbitoria and Emilia Menocal. 2007 - "Guerrilla Radio: The Hip-Hop Struggle Under Castro". Directed by Thomas Nybo, Produced by Simon Umlauf 2010 - "Golden Scars" Directed by Alexandrine Boudreault-Fournier 2012 - "Coming Home" Directed by Michael Garcia. Produced by DJ EFN. References Sources "Pacini-Hernandez, Deborah and Reebee Garofalo. "The emergence of rap Cubano: An historical perspective." In Music, Space, and Place, ed. Whitely, Bennett, and Hawkins, 89–107. Burlington, VT: Ashgate, 2004." External links Video-interview with the National Agency of cuban Rap with Magia López the singer of hip hop Cuban group Obsesión. Guerrilla Radio: The Hip Hop Struggle Under Castro 2007 documentary film . 2004 documentary film . 2006 documentary film Cuban HipHop: Desde el Principio (From the Beginning) 2006 documentary film (MySpace link) nacla website Cuban hip-hop: The rebellion within the revolution. By Simon Umlauf. CNN Headline News. Monday, November 25, 2002 Hip Hop Underground Cubano The