and stroke and either a 9.5:1 compression ratio or a 10.0:1. The engine is in length, in width, in height and approximately . The Ecotec 2.2, model L61 first appeared in the 2000 Saturn LS1; the L61-powered Saturn Ion also replaced the Saturn-powered Saturn S-Series. There are a few variations to the standard L61. The 2003 Saturn L-Series has a high output version with higher (10:1) compression and more aggressive camshaft. The 2004–2008 Chevrolet Malibu uses a version with electronic throttle control and a special unitized exhaust manifold and catalytic converter. The Malibu and Saturn versions also use return-less fuel injection. The 2002 Saturn VUE was the first North American variant of the L61 to be equipped with electronic throttle control, whereas other applications did not arise until 2005 in the Saturn ION and Chevrolet Cobalt. For 2007, introduced an updated version of the L61 based on the Gen II design. The supercharger and inlet manifold from the 2.0 Ecotec LSJ engine can be purchased as an official kit from GM and along with modified software in the ECM, can create a 2.2 supercharged version of this engine. The L61 was used in the following cars: This engine also powered the Japanese-market Subaru Traviq, a badge-engineered Opel Zafira A. Following the GM-Fiat agreement, the 2.2 L engine is also used in Fiat Croma unmodified Alfa Romeo 159 heavy modified with Gasoline direct injection Z22YH A direct injection version of the Ecotec features of power at 5600 rpm and of torque at 3800 rpm with a compression ratio of 12.0:1, and has been available in: 2003 Opel/Vauxhall Vectra 2003 Opel/Vauxhall Signum 2005 Opel/Vauxhall Zafira 2006–2009 Holden Astra (Australia and New Zealand only) L42 The Ecotec 2.2, model L42 is the CNG version of the Ecotec 2.2. It delivers and . Applications: 2003–2004 Chevrolet Cavalier Generation II 2.0 LNF (Z20NHH Opel) A turbocharged direct injected (redubbed Spark Ignition Direct Injection) Ecotec was introduced in the 2007 Pontiac Solstice GXP and Saturn Sky Red Line. In these applications, the engine is mounted longitudinally. Displacement is with a square bore and stroke. Compression is 9.2:1 and maximum boost is , delivering at 5300 rpm and of torque from 2500 to 5250 rpm. Engine redline is at 6300 rpm and premium fuel is recommended. The sodium filled exhaust valves were based on technology developed for the Corvette V8 powertrains. The sodium fuses and becomes a