below are some of the components of intercultural competence. Context: A judgment that a person is competent is made in both a relational and situational context. This means that competence is not defined as a single attribute, meaning someone could be very strong in one section and only moderately good in another. Situationally speaking competence can be defined differently for different cultures. For example, eye contact shows competence in western cultures whereas, Asian cultures find too much eye contact disrespectful. Appropriateness: This means that one's behaviors are acceptable and proper for the expectations of any given culture. Effectiveness: The behaviors that lead to the desired outcome being achieved. Motivations: This has to do with emotional associations as they communicate interculturally. Feelings which are one's reactions to thoughts and experiences have to do with motivation. Intentions are thoughts that guide one's choices, it is a goal or plan that directs one's behavior. These two things play a part in motivation. Basic tools for improvement The following are ways to improve communication competence: Display of interest: Showing respect and positive regard for the other person. Orientation to knowledge: Terms people use to explain themselves and their perception of the world. Empathy: Behaving in ways that shows one understands the point of view of others Task role behavior: Initiate ideas that encourage problem solving activities. Relational role behavior: Interpersonal harmony and mediation. Tolerance for unknown and ambiguity: The ability to react to new situations with little discomfort. Interaction posture: Responding to others in descriptive, non-judgmental ways. Patience Active listening Clarity Important factors Proficiency in the host culture language: understanding the grammar and vocabulary. Understanding language pragmatics: how to use politeness strategies in making requests and how to avoid giving out too much information. Being sensitive and aware to nonverbal communication patterns in other cultures. Being aware of gestures that may be offensive or mean something different in a host culture rather than one's own culture. Understanding a culture's proximity in physical space and paralinguistic sounds to convey their intended meaning. Mutual understanding with the aim of promoting a future of appreciation, robustness and diversity. Traits Flexibility. Tolerating high levels of uncertainty. Self-reflection. Open-mindedness. Sensitivity. Adaptability. "Thinking outside the box" and lateral thinking Effective communication depends on the informal understandings among the parties involved that are based on the trust developed between them. When trust exists, there is implicit understanding within communication, cultural differences