1895 Panhard et Levassor First front-engine, front-wheel-drive car – 1929 Cord L-29 First front-engine, four-wheel-drive car – 1903 Spyker 60 HP First front-engined transaxle car – 1898 De Dion-Bouton First four-wheel-drive car – 1903 Spyker 60 HP First mid-engined car – 1921 Rumpler Tropfenwagen First front-wheel-drive car – 1924 Tracta (Gregoire-Tracta) First mass-produced transverse front-wheel-drive car – 1931 DKW F1 First front mid-engine, front-wheel-drive car – 1934 Citroën Traction Avant First transverse front-wheel-drive I6 car – 1970 Austin Kimberley and Austin Tasman First mass-produced four-wheel-drive car – 1955 GAZ M72, 4677 produced First and only production vehicles manufactured to a four-seater, rear mid-engined, full-convertible design – 1982 Ferrari Mondial First transverse four-wheel-drive car – 1983 Fiat Panda 4x4 First mid-engined, four-wheel-drive car – 1983 Peugeot 205 Turbo 16 (homologation special, 200 road cars produced for Group B regulations.) First transverse front-wheel-drive I5 car – 1991 Volvo 850 Suspension First front independent suspension – 1898 Decauville First torsion bar suspension – 1921 Leyland First hydraulic shock absorbers – 1922 Lancia Lambda First coil spring / shock absorber suspension – 1922 Lancia Lambda First fully independent suspension – 1931 Alfa Romeo 8C First air suspension – 1946 Stout Scarab Experimental First MacPherson strut suspension – 1949 Ford Vedette First self-levelling suspension – 1954 Citroën Traction Avant 15/6 "H" First anti-roll bars – 1955 Citroën DS (front and rear) First self-levelling suspension on all four wheels – 1955 Citroën DS First production air suspension – 1956 (for the 1957 model year) Cadillac Eldorado Brougham (standard) First Chapman strut suspension – 1958 Lotus Elite First electronic-adjustable suspension dampers – 1981 Nissan Skyline First electronically-controlled semi-active suspension – 1983 Toyota Soarer (Japan-market model Toyota Electronic Modulated Suspension) and Mitsubishi Galant (Electronic Steering Chassis) First active air suspension – 1987 Mitsubishi Galant active ECS First fully active suspension without anti-roll bars: 1989 on Toyota Celica: Toyota Active Control Suspension First semi-active hydraulic suspension – 1990 Citroën XM (Hydractive) First semi-active suspension scanning the road ahead (sonar) – 1990 Nissan Leopard/Nissan Cedric/Nissan Maxima/Nissan J30 DUET-SS Super Sonic Suspension First active anti-roll bars – 1994 Citroën Xantia Activa (Systeme Citroën de Contrôle Actif du Roulis) First active suspension optically scanning the road ahead – 2013 Mercedes-Benz S-Class (W222) (MAGIC BODY CONTROL with ROAD SURFACE SCAN) Brakes First four-wheel brakes – 1910 Isotta Fraschini First power brakes – 1919 Hispano-Suiza H6 (mechanically assisted and 4-wheel) First hydraulic power brakes