Welsh din-y-bas ("fort of the shallow"). Dunlop, Ayrshire Duns, Berwickshire Duntarvie, West Lothian Tantallon, East Lothian Edinburgh, - Name in Scottish Gaelic is Dun Eideann. England Some place-names in England are derived from Brittonic cognates of Welsh din (c.f. Cornish dyn, Cumbric *din), and fewer perhaps from the Gaelic form. Roman-era toponyms ending in -dunum may represent an ancient Brittonic *duno. Cambodunum, Yorkshire Din Guoaroy, Northumberland – obsolete name for Bamburgh. Equivalent to Welsh din-gwarae ("fort of the play"). Dinckley, Lancashire Dunmallard Hill, Cumberland Durham, County Durham - Dunelm Glendinning Rigg, Cumberland Londesborough, Yorkshire – Lugudunum, from *lọ:co- + duno ("shining fort"). Rigodunum, Lancashire Segedunum, Northumberland Tintagel, Cornwall Uxelodunum, Cumberland – c.f. Welsh ucheldin ("high fort"). London has been etymologised as Brittonic *lin- + dun- ("lake fort"). Coates has rejected such an etymology as "incompatible with early forms". Wales Carmarthen, Carmarthenshire – Moridunum ("sea fort"). Denbigh, Denbighshire – from dinbych ("small fort") Tintern, Monmouthshire Italy Duno Induno Olona Verduno France and Switzerland The Proto-Celtic form is *Dūno-, yielding Greek δοῦνον. It is ultimately cognate to English town. The Gaulish term survives in many toponyms in France and Switzerland: Autun - Augustodūnon fort of Augustus Lyon – Lugudūnon "Lugus' fort" Nevers – Nouiodūnon "new fort" Olten – Ol(l)odūnonm "fort on the Olon river" Thun – Dūnon Verdun – Uerodūnon "strong fort" Yverdon-les-Bains – Eburodūnon "yew fort" Germany Kempten, Bavaria – Cambodunum Bulgaria and Serbia Dunonia Singidunum Elsewhere in the world Dunedin, New Zealand – from Dùn Èideann, the Gaelic name for Edinburgh. Dunedin, Florida, USA – see Dunedin, New Zealand. See also Prehistoric Scotland Dun cow References Scotland Before History - Stuart Piggott, Edinburgh University Press 1982, Scotland's Hidden History - Ian Armit, Tempus (in association with Historic Scotland) 1998, Fortifications in the United Kingdom Geography of Scotland Place name element etymologies Archaeology of Scotland Toponymy Fortifications by type Fortifications in Ireland