Pyotr Ilyich Tchaikovsky's Trio in A minor, Op. 50, was written in Rome between December 1881 and late January 1882. It is subtitled [In memory of a great artist], in reference to Nikolai Rubinstein, his close friend and mentor, who had died on 23 March 1881. It is scored for piano, violin, and cello. The work's first version was completed by late January 1882. Private performances were held in March and April. The work underwent considerable revision before its premiere on 30 October at a quartet concert of the Russian Musical Society in Moscow. The players at the performance were Sergei Taneyev (piano), Jan Hřímalý (violin), and Wilhelm Fitzenhagen (cello). Structure The piece is marked by a tragic perspective and is in two movements: I. Pezzo elegiaco (Moderato assai – Allegro giusto) (in A minor) (approx 20:00) II. (A) Tema con variazioni: Andante con moto (in E major) – (B) Variazione finale e coda (in A major – A minor) (approx 27:00) Total timing: approx. 47:00 The variations are as follows: Var I Var II: Più mosso Var III: Allegro moderato Var IV: L'istesso tempo (Allegro moderato) Var V: L'istesso tempo Var VI: Tempo di Valse Var VII: Allegro moderato Var VIII: Fuga (Allegro moderato) Var IX: Andante flebile, ma non tanto Var X: Tempo di mazurka Var XI: Moderato Variazioni finale e coda: Allegro risoluto e con fuoco Coda: Andante con moto – Lugubre (L'istesso tempo) The Pezzo elegiaco is a darkly brooding and rather conventional romantic first movement with a beautiful opening cello solo with a theme that returns for a final funeral march. The second movement is rather more unusual: it opens with an almost classical melody, much like Tchaikovsky's Variations on a Rococo Theme for cello, and then proceeds with an assured set of variations, also like the Rococo Variations. After working itself into more and more ecstatic heights culminating with the final variation, it suddenly goes through a surprising modulation to the original minor key, and the theme from the first movement returns with an even greater gravity, and the entire piece concludes with yet another death march. Background This was the only work Tchaikovsky ever wrote for the combination of piano, violin, and cello. In 1880, his benefactress Nadezhda von Meck, had asked for such a piece, but he refused, saying in his letter to her of 5 November 1880: You ask why I