In December 1670 Morgan seized the islands of Old Providence and Santa Catalina forcing the garrisons to surrender. From there his fleet sailed to Chagres and seized the fort there too - Morgan hoped to cross the Isthmus of Panama but at this time he was unaware of events in Europe. Madrid Treaties Spain during this time was politically, economically and militarily weakened by the decades of war and infighting. Charles II saw ideal opportunities for two eventual peace treaties signed at Madrid, both of which were favourable to England. Firstly the 1667 treaty was received with great satisfaction by English statesmen and merchants in terms of trade. With Portugal's restoration secure the British Brigade was subsequently disbanded but England's holdings in the Caribbean were left unsettled. Nevertheless, it was a big step for peace between the two kingdoms. Three years later at the next Madrid treaty, Spain finally ceded Jamaica and the Cayman Islands to Britain which was a major concession and a humiliation for Spain. English ships were also able to roam the Caribbean Sea without hindrance and for the first time were not seen in the West Indies as intruders or as pirates. Controversially the news did not arrive in time to prevent Henry Morgan from plundering and burning Panama in 1671. Despite Spanish protests and his arrest, Morgan went unpunished claiming he had not known about the treaty. England and Spain would be allies during the next large European conflict the War of the Grand Alliance and would remain largely at peace until 1702 with the outbreak of the Spanish Succession War. See also Antonio de Vea expedition Military history of Britain History of Jamaica Notes References Further reading Sutton, Paul (2021). The Anglo-Spanish War, 1655–1660: War in the West Indies (Vol. 1). Helion Books. Sutton, Paul (2021). The Anglo-Spanish War, 1655–1660: War in Jamaica (Vol. 2). Helion Books. 1650s conflicts Conflicts in 1660 17th century in Spain 17th-century military history of the Kingdom of England 17th-century military history of Spain 17th century in the Spanish West Indies Spanish 1654 Wars involving France Wars involving Spain 1650s in New Spain