the United States for criticizing anti-Jewish measures, and to describe Russia. The final issues of the paper from both April and May 1945 were not distributed. Post-war According to top Soviet diplomat Vladimir Semyonov, Stalin suggested that the National Democratic Party of Germany (a satellite party created in East Germany to attract former Nazi supporters) resume publications of the Völkischer Beobachter: German Communists and some Soviet officials were appalled by Stalin's ideas and the proposal was ultimately not adopted. Circulation The circulation of the paper was initially about 8,000, but it increased to 25,000 in autumn 1923 due to strong demand during the occupation of the Ruhr. In that year Hitler replaced Eckart as editor with Alfred Rosenberg, because Eckart's alcoholism had begun to get in the way of running the paper. Hitler softened the blow by making it clear that he still regarded Eckart highly. "His accomplishments are everlasting!" Hitler said, he just was not constitutionally able to run a big business like a daily newspaper. "I would not be able to do it, either," according to Hitler, "I have been fortunate that I got a few people who know how to do it. ... It would be as if I tried to run a farm! I wouldn't be able to do it." Publication of the paper ceased on the prohibition of the Party after the failed Beer Hall Putsch of 9 November 1923, but it resumed on the party's refoundation on 26 February 1925. The circulation rose along with the success of the Nazi movement, reaching more than 120,000 in 1931, 1.2 million in 1941, and 1.7 million by 1944. See also Other newspapers of Nazi Germany: Der Angriff ("The Attack"), Josef Goebbels' Berlin-based newspaper Berliner Arbeiterzeitung ("Berlin Workers Newspaper"), Gregor and Otto Strasser's newspaper, representing the Strasserite wing of the Nazi Party Illustrierter Beobachter ("Illustrated Observer"), illustrated companion to the Völkischer Beobachter Panzerbär ("The Panzer Bear"), a tabloid Nazi newspaper intended for the troops defending Berlin from the Red Army Das Reich, a weekly newspaper founded by Goebbels Das Schwarze Korps ("The Black Corps"), the official newspaper of Heinrich Himmler's Schutzstaffel (SS) Der Stürmer ("The Stormer"), Julius Streicher's Nuremberg-based virulently antisemitic and frequently semi-pornographic newspaper References Notes Bibliography Nazi newspapers Publications established in 1918 Publications disestablished in 1945 History of Munich Newspapers published in Munich Defunct newspapers published in Germany Propaganda newspapers and magazines