suffixes: -oi/-oaie, -an/-ană etc. (masculine/feminine pairs). They originate from Latin -ō (acc. sg. -ōnem), the origin of the other Romance augmentative suffixes. The archaic form has survived unchanged in Banat (and in Aromanian) as -on, -oan'e. As in other Romance languages, a feminine base word may have masculine or feminine forms in the augmentative. Examples: casă (f.) → căsoi (n.), căsoaie (f.) piatră (f.) → pietroi (n.) băiat (m.) → băieţoi (m.) băiat (m.) → băietan (m.) fată (f.) → fetișcană (f.) Spanish In Spanish, -o becomes -ón and -a becomes -ona most frequently, but -ote/-ota and -azo/-aza (also meaning -blow) are also commonly seen. Others include -udo/-uda, -aco/-aca, -acho/-acha, -uco/-uca, -ucho/-ucha, -astro/-astra and -ejo/-eja. More detail at Spanish nouns. Slavic languages Bulgarian In Bulgarian, as in Russian, mainly with -ище. Polish In Polish there is a variety of augmentatives formed with suffixes, for example: żaba (a frog) → żabucha / żabsko / żabisko / żabula; or kamień (a stone) → kamulec / kamior / etc. -ica, e.g. igła, f. ("needle") + ica → iglica ("spire") -yca, e.g. wieża, f. ("tower") + yca → wieżyca -ch, e.g. Stanisław, m. ("Stan") + ch → Stach (short form of the name, but not diminutive) -chu e.g. Krzysztof, m ("Christopher") + chu → Krzychu ("Chris") -cha, e.g. kiełbasa f. ("sausage") + cha → kiełbacha ("large sausage") -ucha, e.g. dziewa, f. archaic ("girl") + ucha → dziewucha ("wench") -oja, e.g. dziewa, f. archaic ("girl") + oja → dziewoja ("wench") -uch, e.g. uparty, adj. m. ("stubborn") + uch → uparciuch -ocha, e.g. śpi, v. ("sleeps") + och → śpioch ("sleepyhead") -och, e.g. tłusty, adj. m. ("fat") + och → tłuścioch ("fatso", "fatty") -al, e.g. nos, m. ("nose") + al → nochal ("large nose") -ula, e.g. smark, adj m. ("snot") + ula → smarkula ("snotty young person") -ała, e.g. jąkać się ("to stutter") + ała → jąkała ("stutterer") -isko, e.g. wąs, m. ("mustache") + isko → wąsisko ("large mustache") -sko, e.g. baba, f. ("woman") + sko → babsko ("hag") -ysko, e.g. biedak m. ("pauper") + ysko → biedaczysko ("poor fellow") -or, e.g. but m. ("shoe") + or → bucior ("large or dirty shoe") Russian In Russian there is a variety of augmentatives formed with prefixes (including loans from Latin) and suffixes, including -ище and -ин for example: дом (the house) домище (great house) домина (huge house). To provide an impression of excessive qualities the suffix -га