is permitted even without a shinui. See further: Mishneh Torah Shabbat 8:16, 21:33–36; Shulkhan Arukh Orach Chayim 321,324; Chayei Adam Shabbos 19 Cooking/baking Hebrew: (Bishul/Ofeh) Definition for solids: Desirably changing the properties of something via heat. Definition for liquids: Bringing a liquid's temperature to the heat threshold. This threshold is known as yad soledet (lit. "A hand reflexively recoils [due to such heat]"). According to Igrot Moshe (Rabbi Moshe Feinstein) this temperature is . (Note, however, that cooking/baking is permitted on Jewish holidays. It is an exception to the rule that activities prohibited on the Sabbath are likewise prohibited on holidays.) Any method of heating food to prepare for eating is included in this prohibition. This is different from "preparing". For example, a salad can be made because the form of the vegetables does not change, only the size. However, the vegetables may not be cooked to soften them for eating. Baking was performed in the Mishkan as showbreads were continually required. However, they were not required for the structure. Some opine baking is listed regarding the preparation of the dyes used for the tapestries. This law is by no means restricted to foods. Firing a brick in a kiln or tempering a piece of metal in a furnace would also be included in desirably changing the properties of an item via heat. However, destroying an item, for no constructive purpose, via heat would not be scripturally prohibited. See further: Mishneh Torah Shabbat 22:1–10; Shulkhan Arukh Orach Chayim 318; Chayei Adam Shabbos 22 The Order of Garments Shearing Hebrew: (Gozez) Definition: Severing/uprooting any body-part of a creature. Shearing a sheep, having a haircut, plucking one's eyebrows or paring one's nails would fall into this category. This law is analogous Kotzer. Kotzer is the same activity but performed on a vegetative item still attached to its source of growth. See further: Mishneh Torah Shabbat 9:179, 22:13–14; Chayei Adam Shabbos 21 Scouring/laundering Hebrew: מלבן (Melaben) Definition: Cleansing absorbent materials of absorbed/ingrained impurities. See further: Mishneh Torah Shabbat 9:10–11 22:15–20; Shulkhan Arukh Orach Chayim 301–302; Chayei Adam Shabbos 22 Carding/combing wool Hebrew: (Menapeitṣ) Definition: Separating/disentangling fibers. See further: Mishneh Torah Shabbat 9:12; Chayei Adam Shabbos 23 Dyeing Hebrew: (Tzovei'a) Definition: Coloring/enriching the color of any material or substance. Merely enriching a color already present, such as applying clear gloss to wood or a fingernail, thus enriching is colour/appearance, would transgress the scriptural law.