The London Underground 1995 Stock is a type of rolling stock used on the Northern line of the London Underground. A total of 106 six-car trains were built, entering service between June 1998 and April 2001, replacing the 1959 Stock, 1962 Stock and 1972 Stock. They are very similar to the 1996 Stock used on the Jubilee line. History In the early 1990s, one aspect of work to comprehensively refurbish the Northern line involved the replacement of the 1959 Stock, 1962 Stock and 1972 Stock trains in use at the time. In April 1995, London Underground and GEC Alsthom (later Alstom) signed a Private Finance Initiative (PFI) deal worth £400m to provide 106 six-car trains. Unlike previous rolling stock contracts on the Underground, GEC Alsthom were contracted to design, build and finance the new trains - as well as maintain the trains for at least a 20 year period (extendable to 36 years). London Underground then pays Alstom depending on the availability and reliability of the trains. The trains were built in Washwood Heath, Birmingham, although the bodyshells were manufactured in and imported from Spain. Construction began in 1996, with one car going on public display as part of the Lord Mayor's Show on 9 November 1996. The first train was delivered to Ruislip depot on 20 December 1996, and testing began in early 1997. The first train entered passenger service on 12 June 1998, and the final train entered service on 10 April 2001. Refurbishment Starting in 2013, the 1995 Stock underwent refurbishment, more than a decade after the last trains of this type entered service. Internally, new flooring was fitted, with contrasting colours in the doorways, and the yellow grab rails were re-painted dark blue. The new standard London Underground "Barman" moquette was also introduced, and wheelchair backboards were installed in the trailer cars. The external door open/close buttons were plated over, and the internal buttons were replaced by a visual door open/close warning light. The windows were polished to remove graffiti, and the external livery was re-applied. The refurbishment was carried out by Alstom, and the first refurbished train entered service on 30 May 2013, and the last refurbished train had entered service by 13 April 2015. In 2015, TfL agreed to extend the PFI train maintenance contract until 2033, when the trains will be around 35 years old. Design The 1995 Stock is very similar to