only analytic statements. See also Philosophy Science Rationalism Abstract structure Abstraction in mathematics Abstraction in computer science Formalism (philosophy of mathematics) Formal grammar Formal language Formal method Formal system Form and content Mathematical model Mathematics Subject Classification Semiotics Theory of forms References Further reading Mario Bunge (1985). Philosophy of Science and Technology. Springer. Mario Bunge (1998). Philosophy of Science. Rev. ed. of: Scientific research. Berlin, New York: Springer-Verlag, 1967. C. West Churchman (1940). Elements of Logic and Formal Science, J.B. Lippincott Co., New York. James Franklin (1994). The formal sciences discover the philosophers' stone. In: Studies in History and Philosophy of Science. Vol. 25, No. 4, pp. 513–533, 1994 Stephen Leacock (1906). Elements of Political Science. Houghton, Mifflin Co, 417 pp. Bernt P. Stigum (1990). Toward a Formal Science of Economics. MIT Press Marcus Tomalin (2006), Linguistics and the Formal Sciences. Cambridge University Press William L. Twining (1997). Law in Context: Enlarging a Discipline. 365 pp. External links Interdisciplinary conferences — Foundations of the Formal Sciences Branches of science