it. Mountjoy did establish a garrison at Mountnorris, but had to retire to Dundalk after taking substantial casualties. Mountjoy claimed his force lost only 200 men killed and 400 wounded in the fighting from 20 September to 13 November, though this may be a considerable underestimate. More, he said, died of disease. The Irish casualties were given by the English as an incredible 900–1200 killed and wounded, but this is questionable given that the Irish were in a strong defensive position of their own choosing, behind the protection of fieldworks. These figures probably say more about what Mountjoy wanted the Queen to hear than about the actual casualty figures. The following year Mountjoy built Moyry Castle to secure the pass. Sources G.A. HAyes McCoy, Irish Battles, Appletree Press, Belfast 1990. James O'Neill, 'Breaking the heart of Tyrone's rebellion? A reassessment of Mountjoy's first campaigns un Ulster, May–November 1600', in Duiche Neill: The Journal of the O'Neill Country Historical Society, vol. 24 (2017), pp 18–37. James O'Neill, The Nine Years War, 1593-1603: O'Neill, Mountjoy and the military revolution, Four Courts Press, Dublin, 2017. John McCavitt, The Flight of the Earls, Gill & MacMillan, Dublin 2002. Calendar State Papers Ireland, 1600. References External links Moyry Pass 1600 Moyry Pass Moyry Pass 1600 in Ireland Moyry Pass O'Donnell dynasty O'Neill dynasty 16th century in County Armagh