during the American Civil War. It survived until the 1940s. The Robert Smalls House in Beaufort has been designated a National Historic Landmark. A monument and statue are dedicated to his memory where he is interred at Tabernacle Baptist Church in Beaufort. The Robert Smalls School in Cheraw, South Carolina, is named for him. The Robert Smalls International Academy (formerly the Robert Smalls Middle School) in Beaufort County, South Carolina, is named for him. During World War II, Camp Robert Smalls was established as a sub-facility of the Great Lakes Naval Training Center to train Black sailors (the Navy was segregated at that time). The Verdier House museum in Beaufort has an exhibit on Robert Smalls. In 2004, the US named a ship for Robert Smalls, the , a Kuroda-class logistics support vessel operated by the U.S. Army. It is the first Army ship named after an African American. Charleston held commemorative ceremonies in 2012 on the 150th anniversary of Robert Smalls' escape on the Planter, with special programs on May 12 and 13. Robert Smalls Parkway is a five-mile section of South Carolina Highway 170 that crosses Port Royal Island and leads into Beaufort. A statue of Robert Smalls is in the US National Museum of African American History and Culture. Waterfront Park in Charleston contains a small pedestal with a plaque explaining Robert Smalls' contributions to the area. There is a proposal to create a statue of Robert Smalls to be installed at the South Carolina State House. In 2019, Amazon announced that it was developing a biopic with director Charles Burnett. In 2021, it was announced that Malcolm Mays was rewriting the script. A biopic of Robert Smalls is being developed by Legion M, Wolper Corporation, and Bill Duke entitled "Defiant". On February 27, 2023 the Navy announced that will be renamed after Smalls, based on a recommendation from The Naming Commission. See also List of African-American United States representatives List of slaves Notes References Further reading Billingsley, Andrew. Yearning to Breathe Free: Robert Smalls of South Carolina and His Families (2007) Coker, P. C., III. Charleston's Maritime Heritage, 1670–1865: An Illustrated History. Charleston, S.C.: Coker-Craft, 1987. 314 pp. Downing, David C. A South Divided: Portraits of Dissent in the Confederacy, Nashville: Cumberland House, 2007. Foner, Eric ed., Freedom's Lawmakers: A Directory of Black Officeholders During Reconstruction Revised Edition. (Baton Rouge: Louisiana State University Press, 1996). .