represented the artists inability to comprehend the world. For his piece Cavemanman (2002), he transformed a gallery space into a cave using wood, cardboard, and tape and put various philosophical and pop culture symbols throughout it. Gramsci Monument (2013), named after the Italian thinker Antonio Gramsci, was the first project that Hirschhorn built in the United States. It was a site-specific, participatory sculpture at the Forest Houses complex in the Bronx, New York. It was the fourth and final such work in a series he began many years ago dedicated to his favorite philosophers, following a monument dedicated to Baruch Spinoza in Amsterdam in 1999, one to Gilles Deleuze in Avignon, France, in 2000, and a third to Georges Bataille in Kassel, Germany, in 2002. From the beginning, the monuments have been planned and constructed in housing projects occupied mostly by the poor and working class, with their agreement and help. He presented a lecture as part of the "Image & Text: Writing Off The Page" lecture series through the Visiting Artists Program at the School of the Art Institute of Chicago in Spring, 2006. Exhibitions Hirschhorn's work has been the subject of numerous solo exhibitions including the Institute of Contemporary Art, Boston; Centre Georges Pompidou, Paris; Chantal Crousel, Paris; Museu d'Art Contemporani, Barcelona; MAAXI, Museo nazionale delle arti del XXI secolo, Rome; Kunsthaus Zürich; Art Institute of Chicago; Museum Ludwig, Cologne; and Wiener Secession, Vienna. In the summer of 2009, his work Cavemanman was recreated for the exhibition Walking in my Mind at London's Hayward Gallery. Cavemanman was recreated once again in 2022 at the exhibition Dream On by NEON showcasing works from the D.Daskalopoulos Collection Gift at the former Public Tobacco Factory of Athens, Greece. Collections Hirschhorn's works are held in collections worldwide, which include the Museum of Modern Art, the Walker Art Center, and the Tate among others. Recognition Hirschhorn received the (2000/2001) Marcel Duchamp Prize, the Joseph Beuys Prize in 2004 and the Meret Oppenheim Prize in 2018. In June 2011, Hirschhorn represented Switzerland at the Venice Biennale. Thomas Hirschhorn is represented by Gladstone Gallery, New York; Chantal Crousel, Paris; Stephen Friedman Gallery, London; Alfonso Artiaco, Naples and Dvir Gallery, Tel-Aviv. Bibliography Benjamin H. D. Buchloh, Alison M. Gingeras, Carlos Basualdo, Thomas Hirschhorn, Phaidon, London, 2004 Claire Bishop, Hal Foster, Yasmil Raymond, Thomas Hirschhorn: Establishing a Critical Corpus, JRP-Ringier, Zurich, 2011 Lisa Lee, Hal Foster (eds),