for a word-object remains concealed, beneath this love, the taboo-forming memory of a catastrophe, and finally beneath the catastrophe, the perennial memory of a hoarded pleasure'. As Derrida insists, however, while 'ghost effects and crypt effects (of incorporation) were discovered nearly simultaneously, in the same problematic space' nonetheless 'their strict difference' as concepts must be acknowledged. Other contributions Among other topics discussed by Abraham, we find: 1. 'The shell-and-the-kernel...the theory of nuclearity'. 2. From his philosophical heritage came Abraham's use of transphenomenology and anasemia: 'We will encounter this transphenomenological motif again, which, along with the anasemic rule, has long oriented this research'. Referring to specific psychoanalytic conceptualization, one might say that '"Anasemia" is thus a process of problematizing the meaning of signs in an undetermined way'. 3. 'In his essay On Symbol, Nicholas Abraham outlines a theory of disaster or obstacle whose initial premise is the danger of disintegration'; defence against the danger may be found in 'a manipulation of verbal entities...called variously crypt, cryptonymy, or the broken symbol '. Legacy It has been suggested that 'between 1959 and 1975 Abraham's work contributed to the renewal of psychoanalytic theory and practice...[as] his discoveries flesh out Freud's theories and help expand the limits of analysis....In France, Abraham's work constituted a third way between orthodox Freudianism and Lacanianism. Overcoming various forms of resistance, it has achieved worldwide recognition'. There is a prize, administered by the European Association Nicolas Abraham and Maria Torok and named after the pair, awarded every two years to a work (book, thesis, or article) produced in French during previous two years. The award is intended to underline the interest that the Association maintains for research work in continuance of any of the many pathways opened up by the work of Nicolas Abraham and Maria Torok. The theoretical qualities and clinical value of the work presented are taken into consideration, but so too is their innovative character. Works With Maria Torok The Shell and the Kernel: Renewals of Psychoanalysis. Trans. Nicholas Rand. . The Wolf Man's Magic Word: A Cryptonymy. . References Further reading Esther Rashkin, "Tools for a New Literary Criticism: The work of Abraham and Torok" Diacritics 18, no 4 (Winter 1988):31-52 1919 births 1975 deaths 20th-century Hungarian people 20th-century French people Hungarian psychoanalysts French psychoanalysts Jewish psychoanalysts Hungarian Jews Hungarian emigrants to France University of Paris alumni