Ricardi, a narrative of the Third Crusade, but this is certainly false. Edmond Faral edited the texts of the Poetria nova, Documentum de modo et arte dictandi et versificandi, and Summa de coloribus rhetoricis. The Poetria nova has been translated into English three times. Documentum de modo et arte dictandi et versificandi is translated by Roger Parr. In this article, quotations are from Kopp's translation. The Poetria nova The Poetria nova is a preceptive treatise, that is, it gives a specific advice to future writers about the composition of poetry. Its handbook genre is reinforced by multiple illustrations of its precepts entirely invented by Geoffrey of Vinsauf, rather than culled from classical authors. The text itself serves as an illustration of techniques it teaches. Thus, the treatment of amplification is amplified, the treatment of abbreviation is abbreviated, metaphor is discussed in figurative language. As Woods notes, the applicability of the instructions of Poetria nova to both verse and prose and the various ways it could be used in the classroom, combined with the range of styles that Geoffrey of Vinsauf used to illustrate techniques, made it the general all-purpose medieval rhetorical treatise par excellence. A thirteenth century anonymous commentary on the Poetria nova notes the twofold nature of this book: first, the five parts of the book are the five parts of rhetoric: Invention, disposition, style, memory, and delivery; second, the Poetria nova is itself a rhetorical discourse with the necessary parts: exordium, narratio, divisio, confutatio, and conclusio. Its author is, consequently, an accomplished theoretician, orator, and "a good teacher". The Poetria nova incorporates Ciceronian precept on invention and arrangement, Horatian doctrine on decorum, and instructions on style including the tropes, figures of words and figures of thought derived from the pseudo-Ciceronian Rhetorica ad Herennium. Gallo summarizes the major topics of the Poetria nova as follows (numbers in parentheses refer to line numbers of the original Latin verse), following the dedication, a panegyric to Pope Innocent III: Introduction; Divisions of the art of rhetoric (verses 1-86). Arrangement, including the natural and artificial openings (vv. 87-202). Amplification and Abbreviation (vv. 203-741). Stylistic ornament (vv. 742-1592). Conversion (vv. 1593-1765). Determination (vv. 1766-1846). Miscellaneous advice on choice of words, humor, faults to avoid (vv. 1847-1973). Memory and delivery (vv. 1974-2070). Figurative language is discussed in detail in the Poetria nova, which marks this treatise as grammatical. However, two of the central parts of