the second highest number of people living in poverty so poverty reduction is a pressing issue. JICA promotes the development of infrastructure, the improvement of political measures and systems, and cooperation with Japanese companies with the aim of providing a significant boost to their development. JICA also promotes the provision of support for people living in poverty and other vulnerable groups in terms of education, agriculture, rural development, and other such areas. Realization of Peace and a Safe Society: In addition to Afghanistan and Pakistan, JICA promotes the provision of support for Sri Lanka, which is transitioning from the reconstruction stage to the development stage following the internal conflict that ended in 2009, and Nepal, which is in the process of nation building. Furthering Cooperation within Central Asia JICA promotes cooperation within Central Asia and the Caucasus via developing transportation infrastructure in light of government policy that includes the “Central Asia plus Japan” dialogue, and it supports the reduction of poverty through private sector development and rural development in the respective countries. JICA's Partnership Partnerships in Japan: JICA is coordinating and facilitating partnerships with stakeholders in Japan through a wide range of support schemes. For example, there are financing schemes for private sector investment, preparatory surveys for infrastructure and BOP projects, and capacity development projects run by NGOs, local government entities and universities. JICA also promotes science and technology research partnerships between research institutions in developing countries and in Japan. Donor Coordination for Development Cooperation: JICA has established partnerships with various development partners, such as: The United Nations Development Programme (UNDP)United Nations Development Programme The Office of the United Nations High Commissioner for Refugees (UNHCR) United Nations High Commissioner for Refugees The World Bank (WB) World Bank The Asian Development Bank (ADB) Asian Development Bank National governments, including in Europe and the United States. JICA also cooperates at a higher level through enhanced collaboration with nonconventional providers, including the Bill & Melinda Gates Foundation and the Aga Khan Foundation, as well as the Arab Coordination Group. Partnerships enable not only to improve the quality of international initiatives but also to raise the profile of Japan's ODA-related experience, approaches and principles. Moreover, collaboration can be a solution to the support of large-scale development projects in cases where a single organization cannot meet the requirements. Also, JICA has enhanced relationships with think tanks and the United Nations for the conducting of joint