be overcome. A similar method is found in Future Search. Failure mode and effects analysis Failure mode and effects analysis (FMEA) is a safety analysis method first developed for systems engineering which examines potential failures in products or processes. It may be used to evaluate risk management priorities for mitigating known threat-vulnerabilities. FMEA helps select remedial actions that reduce cumulative impacts of life cycle consequences (risks) from a systems failure (fault). Measured Action Measured Action is an action that improves Production Capability by a measured amount, (e.g. if X hours of overtime then Y additional files transmitted). Measured actions enhance FMEA by perfectly matching calculated risks with calculated contingencies to ensure a specific outcome. Futures biographies This method, also called futures imagining, aims to create individual imaginaries, to gather peoples' views on the future and to examine them in the study of collective future. Peoples' expectations and opinions are considered as an important indication of possible goals and to possible directions that can influence peoples' actions and in result steer the future. Futures wheel The method is a form of structured brainstorming that aims at identifying and packaging secondary and tertiary consequences of trends and events. A trend or event is placed in the middle of a piece of paper and then small spokes are drawn wheel-like from the centre. Primary impacts and consequences are written in circles of the first ring. Then secondary consequences of each primary impact are derived forming the second ring. This ripple effect continues until there is a clear picture of implications that the event or trend can have. Futures wheel is a very simple but powerful technique for drawing out people's opinions and ideas. However, it is sensitive to underlying assumptions. Artifacts from the Future Artifact from the future is a foresight tool to facilitate thinking about the future. It visualizes the possibilities in the form of fictional 3d objects, labels, or videos and provides a tangible experience of the future. Relevance tree It is an analytical technique that subdivides a large subject into increasingly smaller subtopics. The relevance tree has a form of a hierarchical structure that begins with a high level of abstraction and moves down with greater degree of detail in the following levels of the tree. It is a powerful technique that helps to ensure that a given problem or issue is broken into comprehensive detail and that important connections