two plays, Purgatory in Ingolstadt (1924) and Pioneers in Ingolstadt (1928). The plays, which feature lower-class characters from small town in Bavaria, deal with abusive, sometimes violent relationships between men and women. Among literary scholars, the plays are categorized as "critical Volksstücke," a genre that references and engages critically with the conventions of the popular "Volksstück" (literally people's play, also "milieu plays"). Like the original "Volksstück," Fleißer's dramas feature regional (Bavarian) dialect, lower-class characters, and deal with everyday themes and relationships, but unlike the originals, Fleißer exposes unequal power relationships between men and women. Bertolt Brecht persuaded the director Moriz Seeler to stage the first play, which Seeler retitled; Fleißer's original title was The Washing of Feet. Brecht then encouraged her to write Pioneers. Premiered in Berlin, the plays caused a scandal, especially in her home town, and were attacked by the Nazis, who had not yet come to power. Fleißer was rediscovered in the 1970s by a later generation, among them the theatre director Peter Stein and the playwright Franz Xaver Kroetz. Pioneers in Ingolstadt was adapted as a TV film by Rainer Werner Fassbinder in 1971. The plays were given their London premieres at the Gate Theatre, London, in 1990, directed by Annie Castledine and Stephen Daldry. Selected works Meine Zwillingsschwester (1923) Die Stunde der Magd (1925) Der Apfel (1925) Ein Pfund Orangen (1926) Fegefeuer in Ingolstadt (Purgatory in Ingolstadt) (1926), originally entitled Die Fußwaschung Die Nachgiebige (1927) Das enttäuschte Mädchen (1927) Die arme Lovise (1928) Pioniere in Ingolstadt (Pioneers in Ingolstadt) (1929) Ein Pfund Orangen und neun andere Geschichten (1929) Die möblierte Dame mit dem mitleidigen Herzen (1929) Sportgeist und Zeitkunst. Essays über den modernen Menschentyp (1929) Der Tiefseefisch (1930) Andorranische Abenteuer (1930) Ein Porträt Buster Keatons (1930) Mehlreisende Frieda Geier: Roman vom Rauchen, Sporteln, Lieben und Verkaufen, revised and renamed Eine Zierde für den Verein (1972) Andorranische Abenteuer (1932) Die Frau mit der Lampe: Eine Legende (1933) Die Schwedische Aura (1933) Karl Stuart (1944) Das Pferd und die Jungfer (1952) Avantgarde (1963) Eine ganz gewöhnliche Vorhölle (1963/72) Die im Dunkeln (1965) Der Venusberg (1966) Der starke Stamm (1966) Frühe Begegnung: Erinnerungen an Brecht (1966) Abenteuer aus dem Englischen Garten (1969) Findelkind und Rebell: Über Jean Genet (1971) Ich ahnte den Sprengstoff nicht (1973) Bibliography Claudia Albert. “‘Tatort Sprache’: Erlebte Rede und Subjektposition in der Erzählprosa von Marieluise Fleißer, Franz Kafka und Robert Walser.” In: Jahrbuch zur