an opportunity that was exploited by Campero, who could have retaken Calama. However, it was squandered since he received orders from Daza to fall back to Oruro. While the campaign was unfolding, a conspiracy to overthrow Daza was initiated and ended with his removal from the presidency and the command of the army in November 1879. President of Bolivia Crisis and the establishment of the oligarchic republic Campero assumed the provisional presidency at the request of a Board of Notables meeting in La Paz after the overthrow of Hilarión Daza in December 1879. A Junta was established in la Paz under the presidency of Uladislao Silva and declared Campero to be provisional President. In 1880, a Convention, convened in February of that year, ratified Campero as constitutional president for a period of 4 years, accompanied by Aniceto Arce as his vice president. Silva was discontent with the result and decided to stage a mutiny on March 12 of that year. The rebellion was crushed and Campero was able to consolidate his power. The beginning of his government coincided with the virtual dismemberment of the Bolivian forces that were fighting alongside the Peruvians in the War of the Pacific, which motivated Campero to call for a new mobilization effort and personally assume the leadership of the allied troops. The decisive confrontation took place in the Battle of Alto de la Alianza, on May 26, 1880, where the Chilean forces defeated the Bolivian and Peruvian forces, under the command of Campero. The defeat meant the withdrawal of the Bolivian forces and the definitive loss of the Bolivian Litoral to Chile. The Campero government faced serious difficulties as a result of the war such as the abrupt interruption of foreign trade and the epidemics and famines ravaging the population, aggravated by the military demobilization. In his institutional performance, Campero promulgated a new constitution that inaugurated the cycle of the "oligarchic republic", under the influence of the liberal ideas professed by the new mining elite. Campero tried to govern while complying with the new constitution and the political equidistance between the political groups of Bolivia, divided between liberals, led by Eliodoro Camacho, and conservatives led by Arce. Campero had serious personal and political confrontations with Arce, who served as his vice president and supported the need for an immediate peace with Chile. These clashes led to Arce's exile until the end of Campero's term