later joined the Green Party. Vic Perroni (Whitby—Ajax) Perroni was educated at the University of Messina School of Law in Italy, and at the University of Toronto. Formerly a credit union manager and a factory worker, he was retired by the time of the 2000 election. Perroni was a founding member of the New Democratic Party in 1960, and was active in the labour movement for several years with the IWA and the Ontario Federation of Labour. He has noted, with some pride, that his local was the first to affiliate with the NDP. He was 62 years old in 2000 (Toronto Star, 23 November 2000). He received 2,359 votes (4.84%), finishing fourth against Liberal incumbent Judy Longfield. Manitoba Errol Black (Brandon—Souris) Black received 4,518 votes (12.33%), finishing fourth against Progressive Conservative incumbent Rick Borotsik. Diane Beresford (Portage—Lisgar) Beresford is a former vice-president and president of the Manitoba Teachers' Federation. Her parents met at a Young Communist meeting in Britain during World War II, and she was raised in a culture of socialism and union activism (Winnipeg Free Press, 25 June 1998). She has taught high-school English in the Manitoba system at Notre Dame de Lourdes (Winnipeg Free Press, 4 December 1993), and was a frequent critic of the Progressive Conservative government of Manitoba's education policies in the 1990s. In 1998, she dismissed charter schools as an "imported education fad" that fails to address the problem of funding (Winnipeg Free Press, 21 April 1998). She campaigned as a candidate of the New Democratic Party of Manitoba in the 1999 provincial election, and finished third against Progressive Conservative candidate Denis Rocan in the rural constituency of Carman. She received 2,073 votes (6.02%) in the 2000 election, finishing fifth against Canadian Alliance candidate Brian Pallister. Beresford has remained active in the Manitoba Teachers' Society, and was listed as its staff officer in May 2005. She was also a board member of Manitoba's Crocus Investment Fund, and was sued in 2005 after questions were raised about its valuation (Winnipeg Free Press, 13 July 2005). The matter has not yet been resolved. Peter Hiebert (Provencher) Hiebert is a frequent candidate for the New Democratic Party at the provincial and federal levels. He is a retired pipe welder, and has also done development work in India and Upper Volta as a representative of the Mennonite Central Committee. In 1982, he was appointed to the board