and grazing rights and new water basins were dug. Most importantly, until after World War II only the Shukriya were allowed to dig new wells. The nomadic life has gradually declined since World War II. Today the Shukriya live primarily in rural villages and settlements situated along small waterways. These villages are of two different types: large villages, and the more common style of villages strung out along the Nile River in a continuous chain of closely adjacent huts. A number of them were settled in the development town of New Halfa in the 1960s and 1970s. References Ethnic groups in Sudan Hashemite people in Sudan Tribes of Sudan