show featured Chávez addressing topics of the day, taking phone calls from the audience, and touring locations where government social welfare programs were active. Bolivarian propaganda Hugo Chávez used propaganda that took advantage of emotional arguments to gain attention, exploit the fears (either real or imagined) of the population, created external enemies for scapegoat purposes, and produced nationalism within the population, causing feelings of betrayal for support of the opposition. In 2007, The World Politics Review stated that "As Chávez pushes on with transforming Venezuela into a socialist state, government propaganda plays an important role in maintaining and mobilizing government supporters". A 2011 New York Times article said that Venezuela had an "expanding state propaganda complex" while The Boston Globe described Chávez as "a media savvy, forward-thinking propagandist [who] has the oil wealth to influence public opinion". Chávez used television both domestically through cadenas and international through outlets like TeleSUR for propaganda purposes while websites like Aporrea.org, Radio Nacional de Venezuela, Venezuelanalysis.com, were used by the Venezuelan government for propaganda purposes. Chávez was also promoted through educational systems introduced by his government in Venezuela, which focused on achievements made under his policies. A cult of personality was then created around Chávez in Venezuela among his supporters. International media Europe According to PBS, Hugo Chávez was popular among anti-globalization individuals of the press in Europe, including former director of Le Monde diplomatique, Ignacio Ramonet. North America Canada On 13 March 2007 the Ontario Press Council upheld a complaint that a series of articles published in the Toronto Star in May 2006 lacked balance due to the absence of comment from Venezuelan government representatives and did not attribute figures about murder rate, poverty and unemployment to opposition sources. Bibliography Notes External links The media's misunderstanding of Venezuela Hugo Chávez Media bias controversies Hugo Chávez Chavez, Hugo