The Mitsubishi A6M Zero was the most well-known Japanese warplane of World War II. A6M Zeros were predominantly used by the Imperial Japanese Navy (IJN) on aircraft carriers, and also by its land-based fighter units. At the start of the Pacific War in 1941, the A6M constituted about 60% of the IJN fighter force. It took part in carrier operations throughout much of the Pacific Ocean, as well as over the northeast Indian Ocean. China Both the Nationalists and Communists operated a number of captured A6M's (A6M2, A6M3, A6M5s, etc.) in the Chinese Civil War. The planes captured by the Nationalists had originally been flown as part of Japan's 12th, 13th, 14th, and 15th Naval Units as well as Shanghai Kōkūtai on the mainland, and as part of Japan's Formosan Navy units: Hao Toko, Takao, Tetshu, Kagi, Toki, and Tainan Kōkūtai. France The (French Air Force) used the Mitsubishi A6M2 Model 21 "Zeke" and Nakajima A6M2-N "Rufes" against rebels in Indochina during 1945–46, according to Harvey Low in "Japanese Aircraft in foreign service (WWII and Post WWII)" research. The Aéronautique Naval also pressed a single Nakajima A6M2-N into service, but the aircraft crashed shortly after being overhauled. Indonesia In 1945, Indonesian pro-independence guerrillas captured a small number of A6M aircraft at numerous Japanese air bases, including Bugis Air Base in Malang (repatriated 18 September 1945). Most aircraft were destroyed in military conflicts between the newly proclaimed Republic of Indonesia and the Netherlands, during the Indonesian National Revolution of 1945–1949. Small numbers of surviving aircraft were saved in Kalijati Air Base, near Subang, West Java and Museum Dirgantara Udara, Yogyakarta (near Adi Sucipto Airport). Empire of Japan Aircraft carriers – Flagship of Admiral Nagumo equipped with A6M2 used in the attack on Pearl Harbor. This carrier operated from Rabaul (New Guinea) and Midway, where it was sunk by US Navy bombers. – Participant in the attacks on Pearl Harbor, Wake Island, Port Darwin, Indian Ocean, and in the Battle of Midway; armed with A6M2 Reisen fighters. – Operated in the Solomon Islands, Rabaul, Admiralty Islands (New Guinea), and Truk; armed with A6M2 and A6M3 Reisen fighters. – Participant in diverse operations in the Aleutians, Battle of Santa Cruz, and Solomon Islands; armed with A6M2 and A6M3 Reisen fighters. – The A6M1 Reisen was first evaluated aboard this carrier. It participated in the attacks on Pearl Harbor, Rabaul, Indian Ocean, and Midway,