smartphones to take raw images, useful in low-light situations. Free and open source software darktable is a raw-workflow tool for macOS, Microsoft Windows, Linux and other open Unix-like operating systems. The software features native 32-bit floating-point processing and a plugin architecture. dcraw is a program which reads most raw formats and can be made to run on operating systems not supported by most commercial software (such as Unix). LibRaw is an API library based on dcraw, offering a more convenient interface for reading and converting raw files. HDR PhotoStudio and AZImage are some of the commercial applications that use Libraw. Jrawio is another API library, written in pure Java code and compliant to the standard Java Image I/O API. digiKam is an advanced digital photo management application for Linux, Microsoft Windows, and Mac OS X that supports raw processing. ExifTool supports the reading, writing and editing of metadata in raw image files. ExifTool supports many different types of metadata including Exif, GPS, IPTC, XMP, JFIF, GeoTIFF, ICC Profile, Photoshop IRB, FlashPix, AFCP and ID3, as well as the maker notes of many digital cameras. ImageMagick, a software suite for image manipulation and conversion, reads many different raw file formats. ImageMagick is available for Linux/Unix, Mac OS, Microsoft Windows, and other platforms. LightZone is a photo editing program providing the ability to edit many raw formats natively. Most tools are raw converters, but LightZone allows a user to edit a raw file as if it were TIFF or JPEG. The project was discontinued in September 2011 and reinstated as an open source project in December 2012. Rawstudio is a raw format developer. RawTherapee is a raw developer supporting Linux, OS X and Microsoft Windows operating systems. It features a native 32-bit floating point pipeline. Shotwell is an image organizer available for all major operating systems with the ability to view and edit raw images and has built-in social networking upload capability. UFRaw is a frontend which uses dcraw as a back end. It can be used as a GIMP plugin and is available for most operating systems. Proprietary software In addition to those listed under operating system support, above, the commercial software described below support raw formats. Dedicated raw converters The following products were launched as raw processing software to process a wide range of raw files, and have this as their main purpose: Adobe Camera Raw - used internally by