their Transformations London: William Smith, 1843-1845. 2 Volumes. Humphreys orchestrated the overall work and provided all illustrations. Westwood provided the various scientific descriptions. Anders Gustaf Dahlbom Hymenoptera Europaea Praecipue Borealia 1-2. Lundberg, Lund 1008 pp. commenced publication (completed 1854) Alcide d'Orbigny began Dictionnaire Universel d'Histoire Naturelle. This work was finished in 1849. 1844 Thomas Workman born. 1845 Netherlands Entomological Society founded. 1846 Smithsonian Institution founded in Washington, D.C. Ida Laura Pfeiffer begins her first trip around the world. Friederike Lienig publishes Lepidopterologische Fauna von Livland und Curland1847 Edmond Ruffin publishes a study of the life history and cultural control of the "Corn or fly-weevil" (Sitotroga cerealella Olivier) in the Farmers Register. Fourteen years later Edmond Ruffin pulled the lanyard on one of the columbiads off Morris Island the first shot fired in the American Civil War but not the first entomologist to engage in violent politics. Hercule Nicolet Essai sur une classification des insectes aptères, de l'ordre des Thysanoures. 1848 Carl Theodore Ernst von Siebold establishes the phylum Arthropoda. Maximilien de Chaudoir.Memoire sur la famille des Carabiques. 6 parts.published at Moscow. John Obadiah Westwood The Cabinet of Oriental EntomologyCharles Jean Baptiste Amyot 1848. Entomologie Française. Rhynchotes. Méthode mononymique Paris, J.-B. Bailliere, Libraire de l'Acad. An important step forward in the classification of Coleoptera. 1849 Étienne Mulsant Species des Coléoptères Trimères sécuripalpes. 2 parts.Lyon,1849-1853. Hope Chair of Zoology established at Oxford by Frederick William Hope and occupied by John Obadiah Westwood. Alexander von Humboldt.Ansichten der Natur''.Stuttgart. See also Timeline of entomology — for a list of other available time periods List of entomologists Entomology Entomology 1800-1850