to this renewed interest in customaries are Consuetudines monasticae, produced by Bruno Albers from 1905 to 1912, and Corpus Consuetudinum Monasticarum, a continuing series first published in 1963 with Kassius Hallinger as editor that is considered the best source on Benedictine customaries. In some cases, architectural historians have leveraged the detail within historic customaries to reconstruct the appearance of abbey churches at different points in the past. Monastic customaries, such as those compiled by monks observing the ceremonies of the highly influential Cluny Abbey, have been interpreted as documenting reforms and the boundaries of a given abbey's influence. Despite continued research, the territorial relationships between customaries–especially among those from the Benedictines and Augustinian canons–remain poorly understood. History As bishops had increasing responsibilities, they were increasingly absent from their cathedrals. This necessitated the creation of books of rules for use by the clergy left in charge of cathedrals' practices. The consuetudinary contained these regulations. It also contains the general ceremony and assigned roles for rituals in accordance with rules of precedence and local customs. In monastic communities, the consuetudinary could also introduce new rules and practices; among the earliest requirements for mental prayer was contained in a 12th-century Carthusian consuetudinary. In cases like the Sarum Use at Salisbury Cathedral, the most important portions of the consuetudinary were condensed into what Frere distinguished as the customary. In the case of Salisbury, the consuetudinary is dated to roughly 1210–though with a range of 1173 to 1220–when Richard Poore was the cathedral's dean and formed the most comprehensive code of customs of the Sarum Use. The Sarum ordinal was a similar book for use by the choir and contained greater detail on certain liturgical actions only addressed more generally by the consuetudinary. The Sarum consuetudinary made reference to the ordinal and relied on it for complete celebration of a given ritual. Surviving manuscripts of the Sarum ordinal and customary dating from before 1279 and originating from outside cathedral feature appended notes that suggest the practices of Salisbury Cathedral had changed from Poore's time as dean. Gradually, the texts needed for the celebration of the Mass–sacramentary, gradual, Gospel book, and epistle book–were condensed into the missal and the texts of canonical hours–psalter, antiphonal, and others–were condensed into the breviary. This abrogated the need for the ordinal, and in the Sarum Use it was partially integrated into the consuetudinary. Customaries themselves fell into disuse during the