regard for religious or high cultural values. Their focus is on maintaining a traditional, rooted society and way of life, which is often as much threatened by modern capitalism as by state socialism. A High Tory also favours a strong organic community, in contrast to Whig, liberal and neoconservative individualism. One-nation conservatism, as influenced by Disraeli and epitomised in leaders such as Balfour, favoured social cohesion, and its adherents support social institutions that maintain harmony between different interest groups and classes. Examples of English High Tory views from the twentieth century onward would be those of the novelists Evelyn Waugh and Anthony Powell, poet T. S. Eliot, philosopher Sir Roger Scruton and Members of Parliament such as Sir John Biggs-Davison, Lord Amery, Sir John Heydon Stokes, Alan Clark, Enoch Powell, and Sir Peter Tapsell. The leading pressure-group of High Toryism was possibly the Conservative Monday Club, described by Labour Prime Minister Harold Wilson as "The Conscience of the Tory Party"; however, since the early 1980s, the group has been dominated by the Thatcherite wing which opposed traditionalist High Tories. The journal The Spectator is associated with modern High Toryism. Positioning and religious affiliation A "High Tory" bears some resemblance to traditionalist conservatives in the United States, particularly paleoconservatives. In Canada the term Red Tory used to mean something like a High Tory, although it is nowadays associated with the moderate wing of the Conservative Party of Canada. It is difficult and unreliable to make comparisons between High Toryism and other political dispositions internationally. "High Tory" has been more than just a political term; it is also used to describe a culture and a way of life. A "High Tory" must have an appreciation of religion and high culture. Prior to the nineteenth century, High Tories tended to be high church Anglicans and strongly anti-Catholic. However, since the late nineteenth century and increasingly in the twentieth century, High Tories have often been associated with anglo-Catholicism and traditionalist Catholicism. High Toryism is also associated with agrarianism and gentlemanly virtues. See also Conservative Democratic Alliance Cornerstone Group London Swinton Circle Miguelist Powellism Red Tory Revolutionary Conservative Caucus Right Now! (magazine) Sanfedismo Tories (British political party) Traditional Britain Group Traditional conservatism White movement References General . Conservatism Political history of the United Kingdom Political terms in the United Kingdom Toryism