Joseph Lagu (born 26 November 1929 in a hamlet called Momokwe in Moli, northern region of Madiland, about 80 miles south of Juba, Sudan, currently South Sudan) is a South Sudanese military figure and politician. He belongs to the Madi ethnic group of Eastern Equatoria State, South Sudan. In May 1960 he graduated from the military college in Omdurman and was commissioned as a second lieutenant in the Sudanese Army and was posted to Shendi with the 10th Brigade, Northern Command. In the period 1978–1979, Lagu served as the second President of the High Executive Council of the autonomous region of Southern Sudan. Civil War On the 4th June 1963 he defected from the Army and joined the South Sudan resistance movement against the Government of Sudan. In September 1963, he founded Anya nya the military wing of the resistance movement, named after a deadly poison. Anya-nya reinvigorated the movement that erupted on 18 August 1955 and continued the fight against the Sudanese government in the First Sudanese Civil War, which after the mutiny of 1955, really actively began in 1963. Among Joseph Lagu's junior officers in Anya-nya was John Garang who was recruited in October 1970 and was later to become the chief architect of the second civil war. During the civil war, Lago established contact with Israel, successfully appealing for support by portraying the war as one between non-Arabs and Pan-Arabists, marking the beginning of Israel-South Sudanese relations. Peace process The war ended in 1972, after a peace agreement was signed in Addis Ababa by the Sudanese government led by President Gaafar Nimeiry and the South Sudan Liberation Movement (SSLM), political wing of the resistance founded by Joseph Lagu when he took overall control of the entire southern resistance in January 1971. The agreement was signed under the auspices of emperor Haile Selassie. The Addis Ababa Agreement granted regional autonomy to Southern Sudan and ensured that Anya-nya and its political arms would be absorbed into the national army, police force and the newly formed national government. Joseph Lagu, who rejoined the Sudanese armed forces with the rank of Major General, stayed on in the Army to ensure a smooth merger of the disparate forces. The ten years following the agreement gave the country the longest period of relative peace in Sudan's turbulent history, plagued as it was by coup d'etats and civil wars. It also gave Southern Sudan