property flipping often involves collusion between a real estate appraiser, a mortgage originator and a closing agent. The cooperation of a real estate appraiser is necessary to get a false, artificially inflated, appraisal report. The buyer may or may not be aware of the situation. This type of fraud is one of the most costly for lenders. Renovating distressed or abandoned properties was sometimes linked to malicious and unscrupulous acts in the post housing bubble era. As a result, "flipping" was frequently used both as a descriptive term for schemes involving market manipulation or other illegal conduct and as a derogatory term for legal real estate investing strategies that are perceived by some to be unethical or socially destructive. The term has a more positive connotation these days with the popularity of television shows like Flip or Flop and Flip That House. In the United States, the Uniform Standards of Professional Appraisal Practice (USPAP) governs real estate appraisal and Fannie Mae, oversees the secondary residential mortgage loan market. Both have practices to detect illegal flipping schemes. The term "flip" is also used in relation to certain types of scams, known as "money flip" or "cash flip". In such a scam, the scammer instructs the intended victim to send a certain amount of money, usually via wire transfer, with the promise they can quickly "flip" the money for a larger amount, typically about ten times as much. After the victim has wired the money, the scammer simply keeps the money, cutting off all further contact. In television In July 2012, business network CNBC green-lit several pilots for reality television series focusing on house flipping. The following is a list of several house-flipping shows: Bravo's Interior Therapy with Jeff Lewis Bravo's Million Dollar Listing and Million Dollar Listing New York Bravo's Flipping Out TLC's The Adam Carolla Project TLC and Channel 4's Property Ladder TLC's Flip That House TLC's The Real Estate Pros A&E's Flip This House A&E's Flipped Off A&E's Flipping Vegas, Flipping Boston, Flipping San Diego, and Flipping Miami HGTV's Flip or Flop HGTV's Flipping 101 With Tarek El Moussa Spike's Flip Men DIY Network's The Vanilla Ice Project BBC One's Homes Under the Hammer W's Masters of Flip HGTV Canada's Holmes and Holmes See also Creative financing IPO pricing – factor potentially relevant in flipping stock shares Phillip E. Hill Sr. – ringleader of large mortgage fraud scheme Real