Jenny Lind was the first of a class of ten steam locomotives built in 1847 for the London, Brighton and South Coast Railway (LB&SCR) by E. B. Wilson and Company of Leeds, named after Jenny Lind, who was a famous Swedish opera singer of the period. The general design proved to be so successful that the manufacturers adopted it for use on other railways, and it became the first mass-produced locomotive type. The "Jenny Lind" type was also widely copied during the late 1840s and 1850s, and into the 1860s. History David Joy, the Chief Draughtsman of E. B. Wilson and Company, was asked to visit Brighton railway works to make tracings of the drawings of a locomotive designed by John Gray for the railway so that ten further examples could be built. However, before he had completed the task, Gray had been dismissed from his post of Locomotive Superintendent, and his successor Thomas Kirtley did not favour Gray's complicated horse-leg motion. As a result it was left to Joy and James Fenton, the works manager at E.B. Wilson, to adapt the design. Joy had spent his formative years studying all the locomotives he came across, sketching them, making notes, and interrogating their owners and crews — and, if he could, getting rides on them. As is usual in engineering, there were a number of trade-offs to be made in steam locomotive design. There is a limit to the rate that steam can be delivered to the pistons; therefore, higher speed was obtained with larger driving wheels. These, however, limited the size of the boiler, since it needed to fit between them, particularly with the preoccupation of the time with a lower centre of gravity. The tendency had been to lengthen the boilers with supporting wheels front and rear. Thus, passenger engines, like the so-called Long Boiler locomotives, were usually of a 4-2-0 wheel arrangement. However, too long a boiler also created instability. Some locomotives improved adhesion for heavier loads by coupling pairs of driving wheels, but there was a tendency for the wrought iron coupling rods to break especially at speed. Thus, four- and six-coupled locomotives were used for freight trains. Joy and Fenton settled on a medium-sized boiler, heated surface area, with a pressure of and concentrated on its steaming abilities. In this, James Fenton had particular expertise. The engine had inside cylinders and driving wheels. Gray's so-called