Every year, each of the thirteen United States courts of appeals decides hundreds of cases. Of those, a few are so important that they later become models for decisions of other circuits, and of the United States Supreme Court, while others are noted for being dramatically rejected by the Supreme Court on appeal. Still others are notable for being written with such a clear and concise explanation of the states of the law that they are used by multiple law school casebooks to teach the area of law addressed. The notable decisions of these courts are listed in chronological order by circuit. First Circuit Sampson v. Channell, 110 F.2d 754 (1st Cir. 1940): Application of Erie doctrine to choice of law questions. Commissioner v. Boylston Market Ass'n, 131 F.2d 966 (1st Cir. 1942): Prepaid insurance tax deductions must be allocable over the time period for which the policy covers. Joint Tribal Council of the Passamaquoddy Tribe v. Morton, 528 F.2d 370 (1st Cir. 1975): The state of Maine could not terminate a trust relationship between non-federally-recognized Indian tribes and the federal government. Mashpee Tribe v. New Seabury Corp., 592 F.2d 575 (1st Cir. 1979): Mashpee Tribe of Massachusetts was not a "tribe"; upheld first litigation under the Nonintercourse Act to go to a jury. Microsystems Software, Inc. v. Scandinavia Online AB, 226 F.3d 35 (1st Cir. 2000): Dismissal of claims for reverse engineering and cryptanalysis of content-control software. Campbell v. General Dynamics Government Systems Corp., 407 F.3d 546 (1st Cir. 2005): Insufficient notice where a mandatory arbitration agreement was contained in a dispute resolution policy linked to an e-mailed company-wide announcement. Massachusetts v. United States Department of Health and Human Services, 682 F.3d 1 (1st Cir. 2006): Federal prohibition on same-sex marriage was unconstitutional. Cook v. Gates, 528 F.3d 42 (1st Cir. 2008): "Don't ask, Don't tell" policy upheld against due process and equal protection Fifth Amendment challenges and a free speech challenge under the First Amendment. Glik v. Cunniffe, 655 F.3d 78 (1st Cir. 2011): First Amendment right to photograph public officials in a public place. Second Circuit Nichols v. Universal Pictures Corp., 45 F.2d 119 (2d Cir. 1930): Copyright infringement of stock characters. United States v. One Package of Japanese Pessaries, 86 F.2d 737 (2nd Cir. 1936): Importation of birth control supplies. United States v. Peoni, 100 F.2d 401 (2d Cir. 1938): Examined mental state for complicity in