be more proactive and effective learners by focusing on developing self-awareness. Meta learning tasks would provide students with the opportunity to better understand their thinking processes in order to devise custom learning strategies. The goal is to find a set of parameters that work well across different tasks so that learners start with a bias that allows them to perform well despite receiving only a small amount of task-specific data. Tim Ferriss's DiSSS System Tim Ferriss created a four stem system which he argues can be used to learn anything. a. Deconstruction: Breaking down a skill, what are the bare minimum learnable components? b. Selection: Which 20% of these components should be focused on to give 80% of the desired outcomes? c. Sequencing: In what order should these units be learned to maximize outcomes and avoid failure? d. Stakes: What stakes can be created to push past difficulties and guarantee completion of learning? See also Learning styles Mentalization Metacognition Metaknowledge Metamemory Meta-emotion Self-regulated learning References Further reading Norton, L. & Walters, D. (2005). Encouraging meta-learning through personal development planning: first year students’ perceptions of what makes a really good student. PRIME (Pedagogical Research In Maximising Education), in-house journal, Liverpool Hope University, 1 (1) 109–124. Meyer, J. H. F. & Shanahan, M. P. (2004). Developing metalearning capacity in students — Actionable theory and practical lessons learned in first-year economics. Innovations in Education and Teaching International (Special issue: Meta learning in Higher Education), 41 (4) 443–458. Losada, M. (1999). The complex dynamics of high performance teams. Mathematical and Computer Modelling, 30 (9–10), pp. 179–192. Losada, M. & Heaphy, E. (2004). The role of positivity and connectivity in the performance of business teams: A nonlinear dynamics model. American Behavioral Scientist, 47 (6), pp. 740–765. Fredrickson, B. L. & Losada, M. (2005). Positive affect and the complex dynamics of human flourishing. American Psychologist, 60 (7) 678–686. Waugh, C. E. & Fredrickson, B. L. (2006). Nice to know you: Positive emotions, self-other overlap, and complex understanding in the formation of a new relationship. The Journal of Positive Psychology, 1 (2), 93–106. Fredrickson, B. L. (2009). Positivity. Crown Publishers, New York. External links Summary of meta learning research by Dr. Losada Comment from Losada about executives implementing the model Article about meta learning from Losada (part 1) Article about meta learning from Losada (part 2) Comment from Losada about negativity in the workplace Business models Educational