Microtus guentheri and: Harting's vole, Microtus hartingi (Balkans) Cabrera's vole, Microtus cabrerae European pine vole, Microtus subterraneus East European gray vole, Microtus rossiaemeridionalis Social vole, Microtus socialis Felten's vole, Microtus felteni Gerbe's vole, Microtus gerbei Savi's pine vole, Microtus savii and: Sicilian pine vole, Microtus nebrodensis (Italy) Calabria pine vole, Microtus brachycercus (Italy) Alpine pine vole, Microtus multiplex Tatra pine vole, Microtus tatricus Liechtenstein's pine vole, Microtus liechtensteini and: Bavarian pine vole, Microtus bavaricus Mediterranean pine vole, Microtus duodecimcostatus Lusitanian pine vole, Microtus lusitanicus Thomas's pine vole, Microtus thomasi Major's pine vole, Microtus majori Caucasian pine vole, Microtus daghestanicus (Caucasus) Narrow-headed vole, Lasiopodomys gregalis (Russia) Gudaur snow vole, Chionomys gud (Caucasus) Robert's snow vole, Chionomys roberti (Caucasus) Steppe lemming, Lagurus lagurus Northern mole vole, Ellobius talpinus Long-clawed mole vole, Prometheomys schaposchnikowi (Caucasus) Muroids: Muridae Old World rats and mice Wood mouse, Apodemus sylvaticus Steppe field mouse, Apodemus witherbyi (eastern Europe) Yellow-necked mouse, Apodemus flavicollis and: Black Sea field mouse, Apodemus ponticus (Caucasus) Alpine field mouse, Apodemus alpicola (Alps) Pygmy field mouse, Apodemus uralensis (eastern Europe) Broad-toothed field mouse, Apodemus mystacinus (south-eastern Europe) Western broad-toothed field mouse, Apodemus epimelas (Balkans) Striped field mouse, Apodemus agrarius (eastern Europe) Eurasian harvest mouse, Micromys minutus House mouse, Mus musculus Algerian mouse, Mus spretus (France, Spain and Portugal) Steppe mouse, Mus spicilegus (south-eastern Europe) Cypriot mouse, Mus cypriacus (Cyprus) Macedonian mouse, Mus macedonicus (south Balcans) Spiny mice Cretan spiny mouse, Acomys minous (Crete) Jirds Tristram's jird, Meriones tristrami (Greek island of Kos) Tamarisk jird, Meriones tamariscinus (eastern Europe) Midday jird, Meriones meridianus (eastern Europe) Gerbils Great gerbil, Rhombomys opimus (Kazakhstan) Muroids: Sminthidae (birch mice) Northern birch mouse, Sicista betulina (Scandinavia and north-eastern Europe) Southern birch mouse, Sicista subtilis (south-eastern Europe) and: Hungarian birch mouse, Sicista (subtilis) trizona (Hungary) Nordmann’s birch mouse, Sicista loriger (eastern Europe) Strand's birch mouse, Sicista strandi (eastern Europe) Severtzov's birch mouse, Sicista severtzovi (eastern Europe) Caucasian birch mouse, Sicista caucasica (Caucasus) Kazbeg birch mouse, Sicista kazbegica (Caucasus) Kluchor birch mouse, Sicista kluchorica (Caucasus) Muroids: Dipodidae (jerboas) Dwarf fat-tailed jerboa, Pygeretmus pumilio (eastern Europe) Great jerboa, Allactaga major (eastern Europe) Small five-toed jerboa, Allactaga elater (eastern Europe) Northern three-toed jerboa, Dipus sagitta (eastern Europe) Thick-tailed three-toed jerboa, Stylodipus telum (eastern Europe) Williams's jerboa, Scarturus williamsi (Azerbaijan) Carnivorans Ursidae (bears) Brown bear, Ursus arctos Polar bear, Ursus maritimus (Svalbard, Arctic European Russia; migrant to Iceland) Canidae Golden jackal, Canis aureus (Russia and south-eastern