arises as a result of their own doing while passive participles were meant to express a specific trait of an object that arises as a result of someone else taking action. Present participles of the verbs *rinktei 'gather, collect', *turētei 'have', *laikītei 'hold': {| class="wikitable" style="text-align: center;" |+Present active participles ! colspan="2" rowspan="2" | ! colspan="3" |*o-stem ! colspan="3" |*i-stem ! colspan="3" |*ā-stem |- !Masculine !Neuter !Feminine !Masculine !Neuter !Feminine !Masculine !Neuter !Feminine |- ! rowspan="6" |Singular !NominativeVocative |*renkants|*renkant|*renkantī|*turints|*turint|*turintī|*laikānts|*laikānt|*laikāntī|- !Genitive | colspan="2" |*renkantes|*renkanti̯ās| colspan="2" |*turintes|*turinti̯ās| colspan="2" |*laikāntes|*laikānti̯ās|- !Dative | colspan="2" |*renkantei|*renkanti̯āi| colspan="2" |*turintei|*turinti̯āi| colspan="2" |*laikāntei|*laikānti̯āi|- !Accusative |*renkantin|*renkant|*renkanti̯ān|*turintin|*turint|*turinti̯ān|*laikāntin|*laikānt|*laikānti̯ān|- !Instrumental | colspan="2" |*renkantmi|*renkanti̯ān| colspan="2" |*turintmi|*turinti̯ān| colspan="2" |*laikāntmi|*laikānti̯ān|- !Locative | colspan="2" |*renkanti|*renkanti̯āi| colspan="2" |*turinti|*turinti̯āi| colspan="2" |*laikānti|*laikānti̯āi|- ! rowspan="3" |Dual !NominativeAccusativeVocative |*renkante|*renkantī|*renkanti̯āi|*turinte|*turintī|*turinti̯āi|*laikānte'|*laikāntī|*laikānti̯āi|- !DativeInstrumental | colspan="2" |*renkantmā|*renkanti̯āmā| colspan="2" |*turintmā|*turinti̯āmā| colspan="2" |*laikāntmā|*laikānti̯āmā|- !GenitiveLocative | colspan="2" |*renkantaus|*renkanti̯āus| colspan="2" |*turintaus|*turinti̯āus| colspan="2" |*laikāntaus|*laikānti̯āus|- ! rowspan="6" |Plural !NominativeVocative |*renkantes|*renkantā|*renkanti̯ās|*turintes|*turintā|*turinti̯ās|*laikāntes|*laikāntā|*laikānti̯ās|- !Genitive | colspan="2" |*renkantōn|*renkanti̯ōn| colspan="2" |*turintōn|*turinti̯ōn| colspan="2" |*laikāntōn|*laikānti̯ōn|- !Dative | colspan="2" |*renkantmas|*renkanti̯āmas| colspan="2" |*turintmas|*turinti̯āmas| colspan="2" |*laikāntmas|*laikānti̯āmas|- !Accusative |*renkantins|*renkantā|*renkanti̯āns|*turintins|*turintā|*turinti̯āns|*laikāntins|*laikāntā|*laikānti̯āns|- !Instrumental | colspan="2" |*renkantmīs|*renkanti̯āmīs| colspan="2" |*turintmīs|*turinti̯āmīs| colspan="2" |*laikāntmīs|*laikānti̯āmīs|- !Locative | colspan="2" |*renkantsu|*renkanti̯āsu| colspan="2" |*turintsu|*turinti̯āsu| colspan="2" |*laikāntsu|*laikānti̯āsu|} Future participles of the verbs *eitei 'go', *turētei 'have': Past participles of the verbs *eitei 'go', *turētei 'have', *laikītei 'hold': Pronouns The inflexions of PIE were already different significantly in comparison to nominals. As in the case of PIE, the demonstrative pronouns of Proto-Baltic could indicate three levels of varying distance from the speaker: close range *šis and *is, distant range *anas, and unspecified range *tas. The latter demonstrative pronoun, which had three grammatical genders, was the equivalent to the third-person. There were two personal pronouns, they had no grammatical gender — *ež (*eš) 'I' and *tu / *tū 'you', which possessed suppletive inflexion forms preserved from PIE. The reflexive pronoun *seu̯e 'oneself' only had a singular form without the nominative as it does in the current Baltic languages. The singular forms of the pronoun *seu̯e were also used with dual and plural objects, i.e. the singular also served as dual and plural. Dutch Professor Frederik Kortlandt believed that only the oldest and non-renewed pronoun forms should be reconstructed in Proto-Baltic language while Lithuanian linguist-historian Professor Zigmas Zinkevičius believed older pronoun forms only existed at the earliest stages of Proto-Baltic. Personal pronouns First person Second person Third person Demonstrative pronoun *tas was the equivalent to the third person. Reflexive pronoun Interrogrative pronouns There were two interrogative pronouns—masculine *kat[a/e]ras, neuter *kat[a/e]ra, feminine *kat[a/e]rā, all meaning 'which', and masculine–feminine