The 59th United States Congress was a meeting of the legislative branch of the United States federal government, composed of the United States Senate and the United States House of Representatives. It met in Washington, D.C. from March 4, 1905, to March 4, 1907, during the fifth and sixth years of Theodore Roosevelt's presidency. The apportionment of seats in the House of Representatives was based on the 1900 United States census. Both chambers had a Republican majority. Major events March 4, 1905: President Theodore Roosevelt began his second (only full) term. Major legislation May 28, 1906: Foreign Dredge Act of 1906 June 8, 1906: Antiquities Act June 29, 1906: Hepburn Act June 30, 1906: Pure Food and Drug Act of 1906 (Wiley Act), ch. 3915, June 30, 1906: Meat Inspection Act (Beveridge Act) 1906: The Carnegie Foundation for the Advancement of Teaching chartered. March 2, 1907: Expatriation Act of 1907, Party summary Senate House of Representatives Leaders Senate leadership Presiding President: Charles W. Fairbanks (R) President pro tempore: William P. Frye (R) Republican Conference Chairman: William B. Allison Democratic Caucus Chair: Arthur Pue Gorman, until June 4, 1906 Joseph Clay Stiles Blackburn, afterwards Democratic Caucus Secretary: Edward W. Carmack House leadership Presiding Speaker: Joseph G. Cannon (R) Majority (Republican) leadership Majority Leader: Sereno E. Payne Majority Whip: James E. Watson Republican Conference Chair: William Peters Hepburn Minority (Democratic) leadership Minority Leader: John Sharp Williams Minority Whip: James T. Lloyd Democratic Caucus Chairman: Robert Lee Henry Democratic Campaign Committee Chairman: James M. Griggs Members This list is arranged by chamber, then by state. Senators are listed by class, and representatives are listed by district. Skip to House of Representatives, below Senate At this time, Senators were elected by the state legislatures every two years, with one-third beginning new six-year terms with each Congress. Preceding the names in the list below are Senate class numbers, which indicate the cycle of their election, In this Congress, Class 2 meant their term ended with this Congress, requiring reelection in 1906; Class 3 meant their term began in the last Congress, requiring reelection in 1908; and Class 1 meant their term began in this Congress, requiring reelection in 1910. Alabama 2. John T. Morgan (D) 3. Edmund W. Pettus (D) Arkansas 2. James H. Berry (D) 3. James P. Clarke (D) California 1. Frank P. Flint (R) 3. George C. Perkins (R) Colorado 2. Thomas