cowboys in these relief efforts from 1946 through 1948 was held August 12–14, 2005, at the Church of the Brethren Service Center in New Windsor, Maryland. From the 60th anniversary Seagoing Cowboys conference: "From 1946-48, more than 4,000 cows passed through the town of Union Bridge, Maryland on their way to the port of Baltimore where they were loaded onto liberty ships for Europe. The 'seagoing cowboys' who accompanied and cared for these animals came from farms across America. They had one goal in mind: to provide a continuous supply of milk to the children and their families of war-torn Europe by replenishing their lost livestock. This effort was known as Heifer Relief." One of the cowboys was the future scientist Owen Gingerich. Ships 23 Liberty ships were used: , , , , , , , , and . (15 seagoing cowboys and with about 340 horses each trip) US Army Mule Liberty ships: , , , , , , , , , , and . (15 seagoing cowboys) Type C4-class ship: . (80 cowboys, made five trips to Poland with about 1,500 horses each trip) Three WWI Army cattle ships: , , 46 Victory ships with about 32 cowboys on each trip: (ships were temporary conversions of WW2 cargo ships, each make from 3 to 8 trips, with about 750 horses each trip) Sank with loss of 10 crew See also List of Victory ships Liberty ship Type C2 ship Type C3 ship References External links Seagoing cowboys website Heifer Project website Cowboys at Christmas Seagoing Cowboys and the Heifer Project: The Maryland Story by Peggy Reiff Miller “Seagoing Cowboy” now living in Riverdale to be honored at art exhibit at Merchant Marine Academy A seagoing cowboy returns to Gdańsk after 68 years Aftermath of World War II in the United States Humanitarian aid organizations of World War II Aftermath of World War II in Poland Mennonitism in the United States Quakerism in the United States