named after Rabbi Chaim Joseph David Azulai: often used by North African Jews) Nusach Livorno (Sephardic rite from nineteenth-century editions printed in Italy, often used by North African Jews) Minhag Edot HaMizrach: often used to mean the Baghdadi rite, is more or less influenced by the Sephardi minhag Nosach Teiman, can be subdivided into: Nosach Baladi, closely resembling the original Yemenite rite, but with later additions The form used by Dor Daim, who attempt to safeguard the oldest Baladi tradition of Yemenite Jewish observance, is the version originally used by all Yemenite Jews near the time of Maimonides. Nosach Shami, adopted from Sephardic siddurim. Rabbi Shalom ben Aharon HaKohen Iraqi would go to a different synagogue each Shabbath with printed Sephardic siddurim, requesting that they pray in the Sephardic rite and forcing it upon them if necessary Nusach Eretz Yisrael; has not survived in any community, though an attempt to revive it has been made by Rabbi David Bar-Hayim of Machon Shilo; however it is thought to have had some influence on: Nusach Ashkenaz Minhag Italiani and Minhag Benè Romì, see Italian Jews Minhag Romania, the rite of the Romaniotes, that is, the original Greek Jewish community as distinct from the Sephardim See also Metuentes References External links and resources References Custom, jewishencyclopedia.com A Historical Map of Jewish Liturgical Influence and Variation The Rules of Halacha, Rabbi Aryeh Kaplan Minhag: A Custom with the Status of Law, jewfaq.org Customs (Minhagim), nishmat.net Resources Rabbinic literature Sages of Ashkenaz Database - Online collection of minhag seforim Minhagei Maharil, Rabbi Yaakov ben Moshe Levi Moelin (Maharil), 1556. "Sefer HaMinhagim" (Hebrew Fulltext, PDF) Rabbi Isaac Tyrnau, 1566. "Ta'amei HaMinhagim", Rabbi A. I. Sperling, 1896; translation: "Reasons for Jewish customs and traditions". Bloch Pub. Co 1968. "Likutei Maharich". Rabbi Yisroel Chaim Freedman of Rachov. "Sefer HaMinhagim", Rabbis M. Greenglass and Y. Groner, 1966; translation: “The Book of Chabad-Lubavitch Customs”. Sichos In English Pub. 1998. "Otzar Ta'amei ha-Minhagim", Rabbi Shmuel Gelbard, 1995; translation: "Rite and Reason" Feldheim Pub. 1997 General "The Biblical and Historical Background of Jewish Customs and Ceremonies", Rabbi Abraham Bloch. Ktav 1980. "The Minhagim: The Customs and Ceremonies of Judaism, Their Origins and Rationale", Rabbi Abraham Chill. Sepher Hermon 1978. "To Be a Jew: A Guide to Jewish Observance in Contemporary Life", Rabbi Hayim Donin. Basic Books 1991. "Jewish Book of Why", Rabbi Alfred J. Kolatch. Jonathan David 1995. "Minhagei Yisrael: Origins and