provides no examples of this. Deixis Three demonstratives serve as deictics in Atakapa: ha or a, "this" — co-present with the speaker. ya, distant from the speaker. ma, still more distant from the speaker. References Bibliography Campbell, Lyle. (1997). American Indian languages: The historical linguistics of Native America. New York: Oxford University Press. . Gatschet, Albert S., and Swanton, John R. (1932) A Dictionary of the Atakapa Language. Smithsonian Institution, Bureau of American Athnology, bulletin 108. Washington, DC: Government Printing Office. Hopkins, Nicholas A. (2007). The Native Languages of the Southeastern United States. Los Angeles: Foundation for the Advancement of Mesoamerican Studies, Inc. (FAMSI), pp. 23–24. Abstract. Full text online. Mithun, Marianne. (1999). The languages of Native North America. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. (hbk); . External links A Dictionary of the Atakapa Language by Albert S. Gatschet and John R. Swanton, hosted by the Portal to Texas History Atakapa-Ishak Nation Atakapa Indian Language Atakapa Language isolates of North America Languages of the United States Extinct languages of North America Indigenous languages of the North American Southeast Indigenous languages of Texas Languages extinct in the 20th century 20th-century disestablishments in the United States Gulf languages