Somerville designed its new campus (1928–1930) in the style. Origins of the term American architect Alexander Jackson Davis is "generally credited with coining the term" documented in a handwritten description of his own "English Collegiate Gothic Mansion" of 1853 for the Harrals of Bridgeport, Connecticut. By the 1890s, the movement was known as "Collegiate Gothic". 1904 commentary In his praise for Cope & Stewardson's Quadrangle Dormitories at the University of Pennsylvania, architect Ralph Adams Cram revealed some of the racial and cultural implications underlying the Collegiate Gothic: Culmination Collegiate Gothic complexes were most often horizontal compositions, save for a single tower or towers serving as an exclamation. At the University of Pittsburgh, Charles Klauder was commissioned by University of Pittsburgh chancellor John Gabbert Bowman to design a tall building in the form of a Gothic tower. What he produced, the Cathedral of Learning (1926–37), has been described as the literal culmination of late Gothic Revival architecture. A combination of Gothic spire and modern skyscraper, the steel-frame, limestone-clad, 42-story structure is both the world's second tallest university building and Gothic-styled edifice. The tower contain a half-acre Gothic hall supported only by its 52-foot (16 m) tall arches. It is accompanied by the campus's other Gothic Revival structures by Klauder, including the Stephen Foster Memorial (1935–1937) and the French Gothic Heinz Memorial Chapel (1933–1938). 21st-century revival A number of colleges and universities have commissioned major new buildings in the Collegiate Gothic style in recent years. These include Princeton University's Whitman College, designed by Porphyrios Associates, and Benjamin Franklin College and Pauli Murray College, both designed by Robert A.M. Stern Architects, at Yale University. The University of Southern California's USC Village was created as an inexpensive post-modern nod to collegiate revival. (Harley Ellis Devereaux, 2017). Architects of the Collegiate Gothic style Julian Abele Snowden Ashford Allen & Collens Cope & Stewardson Ralph Adams Cram William Augustus Edwards Philip H. Frohman Bertram Grosvenor Goodhue Charles C. Haight Guilbert and Betelle Charles Klauder Pond and Pond George Browne Post James Gamble Rogers Horace Trumbauer Dan Everett Waid David Webster York and Sawyer Examples Gallery See also Gothic architecture Gothic Revival architecture Carpenter Gothic References Sources Bergin, T. G. Yale's Residential Colleges; the First Fifty Years. New Haven, CT: Yale University Press, 1983. Duke, Alex. Importing Oxbridge. New Haven: Yale University Press, 2006. Lewis, Michael J., The Gothic Revival (London: Thames & Johnson Ltd., 2002). Robinson,