construction of holes, that the universe must, on that view, be indeterministic. Which, Earman argues, is a case against substantialism, as the case between determinism or indeterminism should be a question of physics, not of our commitment to substantialism. Bibliography Books Selected articles "In the Beginning, At the End, and All in Between: Cosmological Aspects of Time," F. Stadler and M. Stöltzner (eds.), Time and History: Proceedings of the 28th International Ludwig Wittgenstein Symposium (Ontos-Verlag, 2006). See also American philosophy List of American philosophers References 1942 births 20th-century American non-fiction writers 20th-century American philosophers 20th-century essayists 21st-century American non-fiction writers 21st-century American philosophers 21st-century essayists American male essayists American male non-fiction writers American philosophy academics Analytic philosophers Lakatos Award winners Living people Philosophers of cosmology Philosophers of science Philosophy writers University of Pittsburgh faculty 20th-century American male writers 21st-century American male writers