Narmer. Djer fathered Merneith, wife of Djet and mother of Den. Women carrying titles later associated with queens such as Great One of the Hetes-Sceptre and She who Sees/Carries Horus were buried in subsidiary tombs near the tomb of Djer in Abydos or attested in Saqqara. These women are thought to be the wives of Djer and include: Nakhtneith (or Nekhetneith), buried in Abydos and known from a stela. Herneith, possibly a wife of Djer. Buried in Saqqara. Seshemetka, buried in Abydos next to the king. She was said to be a wife of Den in Dodson and Hilton. Penebui, her name and title were found on an ivory label from Saqqara. bsu, known from a label in Saqqara and several stone vessels (reading of name uncertain; name consists of three fish hieroglyphs). Tomb Similarly to his father Hor-Aha, Djer was buried in Umm el-Qa'ab at Abydos. Djer's tomb is tomb O of Petrie. His tomb contains the remains of 318 retainers who were buried with him. At some point, Djer's tomb was devastated by fire, possibly as early as the Second Dynasty. During the Middle Kingdom, the tomb of Djer was revered as the tomb of Osiris, and the entire First Dynasty burial complex, which includes the tomb of Djer, was very important in the Egyptian religious tradition. An image of Osiris on a funerary bier was placed in the tomb, possibly by the Thirteenth dynasty king Djedkheperu. Several objects were found in and around the tomb of Djer: A stela of Djer, now in the Cairo Museum probably comes from Abydos. Labels mentioning the name of a palace and the name of Meritneith. Fragments of two vases inscribed with the name of Queen Neithhotep. Bracelets of a Queen were found in the wall of the tomb. In the subsidiary tombs, excavators found objects including stelae representing several individuals, ivory objects inscribed with the name of Neithhotep, and various ivory tablets. Manetho indicates that the First Dynasty ruled from Memphis – and indeed Herneith, one of Djer's wives, was buried nearby at Saqqara. Gallery See also List of pharaohs Ancient Egyptian retainer sacrifices References Bibliography Toby A. H. Wilkinson, Early Dynastic Egypt, Routledge, London/New York 1999, , 71-73 Toby Wilkinson, Royal Annals of Ancient Egypt: The Palermo Stone and Its Associated Fragments, (Kegan Paul International), 2000. External links 31st-century BC Pharaohs 30th-century BC Pharaohs Pharaohs of the First Dynasty