and sometimes ensemble, with occasional instrumental interludes. Recording history The first recording of the opera was issued in 1964 by Vox, a version which incorporated substantial cuts. The first complete recording was that of Harnoncourt and Concentus Musicus Wien in 1971. Raymond Leppard's 1972 Glyndebourne version was recorded in a concert performance in the Royal Albert Hall; the following year the same Glyndebourne cast was recorded in a full stage performance. Leppard's third Glyndebourne version was issued in 1980, when the orchestration with strings and brass drew critical comment from Denis Arnold in his Gramophone review: "Too much of the music left with a simple basso continuo line in the original has been fully orchestrated with strings and brass, with the result that the expressive movement between recitative, arioso and aria is obscured." (For further details, see Il ritorno d'Ulisse in patria (Raymond Leppard recording).) Much the same criticism, says Arnold, may be levelled at Harnoncourt's 1971 recording. Among more recent issues is the much praised 1992 René Jacobs performance with Concerto Vocale, "a recording that all serious Monteverdians will wish to return to frequently", according to Fenlon. Jacobs's version is in the original five-act form, and uses music by Luigi Rossi and Giulio Caccini for some choruses which appear in the libretto but which are missing from Monteverdi's score. More than thirty years after his first issue, Harnoncourt's 2002 version, with Zurich Opera, was recorded live in DVD format. While the quality of the vocal contributions were praised, Harnoncourt's "big-band score" and bold instrumentation were highlighted by Gramophone critic Jonathan Freeman-Attwood as a likely source of future debate. Editions Since the publication of the Vienna manuscript score in 1922 the opera has been edited frequently, sometimes for specific performances or recordings. The following are the main published editions of the work, to 2010. Robert Haas (Vienna, 1922 in the series Denkmäler der Tonkunst in Österreich) Vincent d'Indy (Paris, 1926) Gian Francesco Malipiero (Vienna, 1930 in Claudio Monteverdi: Tutte le opere'') Luigi Dallapiccola (Milan, 1942) Ernst Krenek (Wuppertal, 1959) Nikolaus Harnoncourt (Vienna, 1971) Raymond Leppard (London, 1972) Hans Werner Henze (Salzburg, 1985) Alan Curtis (London, 2002) References Notes Citations Sources External links Complete libretto (with Spanish translation) Operas by Claudio Monteverdi Italian-language operas 1640 operas Operas Operas based on classical mythology Operas based on the Odyssey