newer procedure called serial transverse enteroplasty (STEP), where the bowel is cut and stapled in a zigzag pattern. Heung Bae Kim, MD, and Tom Jaksic, MD, both of Children's Hospital Boston, devised the STEP procedure in the early 2000s. The procedure lengthens the bowel of children with SBS and may allow children to avoid the need for intestinal transplantation. As of June 2009, Kim and Jaksic have performed 18 STEP procedures. The Bianchi and STEP procedures are usually performed by pediatric surgeons at quaternary hospitals who specialize in small bowel surgery. Prognosis After resection; having a remnant small bowel length of less than 75 cm and a remaining large bowel length of less than 57% of the original length are both associated with subsequent dependence on parenteral nutrition.There is no cure for short bowel syndrome except transplant. In newborn infants, the 4-year survival rate on parenteral nutrition is approximately 70%. In newborn infants with less than 10% of expected intestinal length, 5 year survival is approximately 20%. Some studies suggest that much of the mortality is due to a complication of the total parenteral nutrition (TPN), especially chronic liver disease. Much hope is, as of 2006, vested in Omegaven, a type of lipid TPN feed, in which recent case reports suggest the risk of liver disease is much lower. Although promising, small intestine transplant has a mixed success rate, with postoperative mortality rate of up to 30%. One-year and 4-year survival rate are 90% and 60%, respectively. See also Bowel-associated dermatosis–arthritis syndrome, another syndrome that can result from small-bowel bypass (or other causes) References External links National Digestive Diseases Information Clearinghouse - Short Bowel Syndrome Syndromes Diseases of intestines Steatorrhea-related diseases Wikipedia medicine articles ready to translate Wikipedia emergency medicine articles ready to translate