and, by contract, to local agency and school employees. CalPERS administers the following categories of benefits to members: Retirement benefits under defined benefit plans Deferred compensation and other supplemental income plans Disability retirement and industrial disability retirement Death benefits Health benefits Long-term care benefits Retirement benefits under defined benefit plans As of 2020, CalPERS paid monthly allowances to 732,529 retirees, survivors, and beneficiaries. In the fiscal year 2019-20, CalPERS paid $25.8 billion in benefits. The retirement benefits "are calculated using a member's years of service credit, age at retirement, and final compensation (average salary for a defined period of employment)," and the retirement formulas "are determined by the member's employer (State, school, or local public agency); occupation (miscellaneous (general office and others), safety, industrial, or peace officer/firefighter); and the specific provisions in the contract between CalPERS and the employer". In addition, CalPERS administers the Legislators' Retirement System, Judges' Retirement System, and Judges' Retirement System II. Besides CalPERS, California has a number of other public retirement systems, including: At least 22 counties (Alameda, Contra Costa, Fresno, Imperial, Kern, Los Angeles, Marin, Mendocino, Merced, Orange, Sacramento, San Bernardino, San Diego, San Francisco [county as well as city], San Joaquin, San Luis Obispo, San Mateo, Santa Barbara, Sonoma, Stanislaus, Tulare, and Ventura) At least 6 cities (Concord, Fresno, Los Angeles, San Diego, San Francisco [also a county], and San Jose) The University of California The California State Teachers' Retirement System (CalSTRS) CalPERS has reciprocity agreements with many of these California public retirement systems that allow retirees with service credit and contributions in two systems to receive payments from both systems. Some people prefer defined contribution plans to CalPERS' defined benefit plan. For example: In 1996, Howard Kaloogian sponsored a bill in the State Assembly to allow state employees to choose between CalPERS' defined benefit plan and a defined contribution plan; the bill failed in a State Senate committee. In early 2005, Governor Arnold Schwarzenegger proposed a ballot initiative to require new public employees to join a 401(k)-like plan, but dropped the proposal after opposition to a provision in the initiative to "reduce benefits for widows of officers and firefighters killed in the line of duty". In November 2008, the voters of the city of Pacific Grove passed an advisory measure to leave CalPERS in favor of a defined contribution plan. Among other arguments, CalPERS claims that defined contribution plans cost more to manage