to this condition per year. Hospital acquired pneumonia has an incidence rate of about .05-2% and has the highest mortality rates of any infection. United Kingdom In the United Kingdom, the annual incidence rate of pneumonia is approximately 6 cases per 1000 people in individuals aged 18–39 years. For those over 75 years of age, the incidence rate rises to 75 cases per 1000 people. Roughly 20–40% of individuals who contract pneumonia require hospital admission, with between 5–15% of these admitted to a critical care unit. The case fatality rate in the UK is around 5–10%. North America United States In the United States, community-acquired pneumonia affects 5.6 million people per year, and ranks 6th among leading causes of death. In 2009, there were approximately 1.86 million emergency department encounters for pneumonia in the United States. In 2011, pneumonia was the second-most common reason for hospitalization in the U.S., with approximately 1.1 million stays—a rate of 36 stays per 10,000 population. Pneumonia was one of the top ten most expensive conditions seen during inpatient hospitalizations in the U.S. in 2011, with an aggregate cost of nearly $10.6 billion for 1.1 million stays. In 2012, a study of Medicaid-covered and uninsured hospital stays in the United States in 2012, pneumonia was the second most common diagnosis for Medicaid-covered and uninsured hospital stays in the United States (behind mood disorders, at 3.7% for Medicaid stays and 2.4% for uninsured stays). Africa Africa has the second highest incidence rate of pneumonia of children under five years old at 0.33 episodes per child per year. In 2015, pneumonia was responsible for the deaths of 473,000 African children under the age of five years old. A third of African children do not receive the antibiotics needed to treat the infection which could prevent pneumonia deaths caused by bacteria. In Sub-Saharan Africa, there is an estimated four million cases and 200,000 deaths in adult populations per year. Asia Incidence rates of childhood pneumonia (under five years old) are greatest in South East Asia with 0.36 episodes per child per year. In the South East Asian region, there is an estimated 61 million cases of pneumonia in children under five per year, and it is attributed to 19% of the region's total childhood deaths. Due to the lack of surveillance in this region, an accurate prevalence rate of pneumonia can be hard to produce. There is not