986), which is attributed to de Vos or his workshop. Another copy of the book is kept in the Bibliothèque nationale, Paris (1590, Moeurs et costumes des Pays Orientaux, Département des Estampes, OD. 2). The manuscripts differ in quality as well as in the number, order and coloring of the images and they probably constitute different versions of the drawings. The Stammbuch Kurfürst Augusts (Family album of Elector Augustus) in the Kupferstich-Kabinett, Dresden (Inv. Ca 114a) contains six Turkish costume drawings which based on style could be attributable to de Vos. The Freshfield Album An anonymous manuscript in the Wren Library at Trinity College in Cambridge (ms. O.17.2) referred to as the Freshfield Album has been attributed to de Vos. The attribution to de Vos is based on is stylistic affinity with the drawings in the Costume Book of 1574 and on the dating (some sheets bear the date 1574, the same date as the 'Costume Book'). The album consists of a simple gathering of folio sheets sewn into a plain vellum wrapper. It contains 21 water colours that depict the architecture of Constantinople. The drawings are so detailed that it is possible that they were meant to serve as designs for copperplate engravings, but no evidence has yet been found that the drawings were thus reproduced in print. It was likely that the drawings were intended to accompany the Costume Book. There are also two drawings of young rhinoceroses from Abyssinia (Ethiopia). These animals were likely destined for the menagerie of the Sultan. While later than Albrecht Dürer's famous woodcut of 1515, these images are among the earliest European depictions of the rhinoceros. Nine of the pictures depict columns that do not fit a single page and therefore have folded sheets attached to extend them. Some of the drawings are accompanied by notes based on the publication De topographia Constantinopoleos of French topographer Pierre Gilles, first printed in 1561. Thanks to its panoramas and detailed rendering, the Freshfield Album is an important source of topographical and historical information. It has allowed, among other things, a full understanding of the narrative content of the Column of Arcadius, of which now only the base remains. References External links Year of birth unknown Year of death unknown Flemish artists (before 1830) Painters from Mechelen Artists from Mechelen