chieftains—Chemban Poker, Manjeri Athan Gurikkal, and Unni Mootha Muppan rose in revolt in South Malabar. These turbulent figures forced the British authorities to deploy a large army of 10,000 to 15,000 men. Heavy losses of men are reported on both camps – with British losing 4,000 men in their first war with Pazhassi Rajah alone. The forest clad hills and mountains that covered most of Malabar proved to useful to rebels who waged guerrilla warfare to harass British regiments. Rising of 1803 British revenue policy provoked an uprising in early 1803 that was complete and wholesale in Malabar. The British immediately reverted to older revenue assessments and persuaded the furious province to calm down by June 1803. British met most of Rajahs and nobles who had not joined Pazhassi rebellion and successfully made them agree that they [Rajahs and nobles] will talk to the people to end the revolt and return home. This was a spontaneous uprising and the severest revolt British faced in Malabar from 1792 till 1947. End of resistance The British, who were worried that they would have to face a 25-year revolt like Mysore rulers moved with more caution and wisdom. They persuaded Rajahs towards whom people had absolute loyalty to let the British annex their kingdoms in return for 20 percent of revenue collection as pension. The annexation of Malabar was done in stages from 1800 to 1807. It is true that the British suppressed rebels like Pazhassi Rajah and his followers along with the Mappila rebels of South Malabar – but that was possible only because the British could come to an understanding with rest of the Rajahs and nobles – which meant that die-hard rebels like those mentioned above had to face the fury of British might alone. Fate of the rebels Rebels were hanged, imprisoned or pardoned. Ravi Varma and his nephews died in British custody in 1793. Unni Mootha Muppan who joined Pazhassi Rajah's army was killed in 1802. Pazhassi Rajah himself died in war, or perhaps by suicide, in 1805. Nephews of Pazhassi Rajah, Vira Varma and Ravi Varma were arrested but pardoned. The Calicut prince Manavikraman who sheltered nephews of Pazhassi Rajah was arrested and he committed suicide in Dindigul Jail in 1806. Kurichia Revolt of 1812 Due to the revenue policy of British, Kurichia tribesmen of Wayanad, who had earlier fought under Pazhassi Rajah rose in revolt. But