around the garden, along with the violets, forget-me-nots, and bluebells that Tchaikovsky admired. The garden has many other varieties of flowers it had in Tchaikovsky's time: roses, begonias, gillyflowers, phloxes, and sweet tobacco. The house and the Museum after Tchaikovsky's death After Tchaikovsky's death, his younger brother, Modest Tchaikovsky, a playwright and translator, decided to create a museum, the first such musical and memorial museum in Russia. The composer's nephew, Vladimir Davydov, who held the rights to Tchaikovsky's works, joined in the project. They built a separate house on the grounds so the main house could remain as it was, and made an archive of Tchaikovsky's musical scores, manuscripts and library. Modest Tchaikovsky wrote the first biography of Tchaikovsky. When Modest Tchaikovsky died in 1916, he willed the house to the Moscow Department of the Russian Musical Society, with the requirement that it strictly follow the rules of the Mozart Museum in Salzburg and the Beethoven Museum in Bonn. In 1917, after the Bolshevik revolution, an anarchist named Doroshenko settled with his family in the museum, and was reported to have fired shots at the portrait of Pope Innocent hanging in one of the bedrooms. He was finally arrested in April, 1918. In 1918 the museum was given the status of protected site by the People's Commissariat for Education, and in 1921 it was declared to be property of the state. Following the Nazi invasion of Russia in June 1941, the museum collection of memorabilia and the library were transferred to the small town of Votkinsk, Tchaikovsky's birthplace, in Udmurtia. The house was occupied by the Germans during the Battle of Moscow in 1941–42. They used the first floor as a garage for motorcycles and the upper floor as a barracks. At the end of 1944, the exhibits were returned, and the museum opened again on May 6, 1945, on the eve of Tchaikovsky's birthday. In the 1920s, it became a tradition for musicians to gather and perform at the house on May 7 each year to commemorate Tchaikovsky's birthday. Noted pianists, including Vladimir Horowitz, were given the privilege of playing Tchaikovsky's grand piano in his salon. Beginning in 1958, winners of the annual International Tchaikovsky Competition, including Van Cliburn (1958), Mikhail Pletnev (1978) and Boris Berezovsky (1990), were also invited to come to Klin to play his piano. Musicians from the competition began a tradition of planting oak trees