while a woman had the most dialogue in only 22% of films. In a study from 2022 that was published in the scientific journal Psychology of Popular Media, Bechdel test results of the 1200 most popular movies worldwide from 1980 to 2019 were presented. The authors used data from Bechdeltest.com and added 343 analyses for movies that were missing in this database. The authors found that less than half of the movies (49.6%) pass the Bechdel test. The analyses also showed that in the 2010s the share of popular movies passing was somewhat higher (63%) than in previous decades. Criteria and variants The rules now known as the Bechdel test first appeared in 1985, in Alison Bechdel's comic strip, Dykes to Watch Out For. In a strip titled "The Rule", two women, who resemble the future characters Mo and Ginger, discuss seeing a film and one woman explains that she only goes to a movie if it satisfies the following requirements: The movie has to have at least two women in it, who talk to each other, about something other than a man. The other woman acknowledges that the idea is pretty strict, but good. Not finding any films that meet their requirements, they go home together. The context of the strip referred to alienation of queer women in film and entertainment, where the only possible way for a queer woman to imagine any of the characters in any film may also be queer was if they satisfied the requirements of the test. The test has also been referred to as the "Bechdel–Wallace test" (which Bechdel herself prefers), the "Bechdel rule", "Bechdel's law", or the "Mo movie measure". Bechdel credited the idea for the test to a friend and karate training partner, Liz Wallace, whose name appears in the marquee of the strip. She later wrote that she was pretty certain that Wallace was inspired by Virginia Woolf's essay A Room of One's Own. Several variants of the test have been proposed—for example, that the two women must be named characters, or that there must be at least a total of 60 seconds of conversation. The test has also attracted academic interest from a computational analysis approach. In June 2018, the term "Bechdel test" was added to the Oxford English Dictionary. According to Neda Ulaby, the test resonates because "it articulates something often missing in popular culture: not the number