seven stars of the Plough (Ursa Major). Aquilo (NNE) – Isidore relates it to water (acqua), because but probably from "aquilus", because it soaks up water from the ground. Pliny says the surface of the earth "announces the approach" of Aquilo by drying, and the approach of Auster, by becoming moist "without any apparent cause". Alternative etymologies is that it derives from aquilus ("dark"), meaning either dark rainclouds (although it is not usually characterized as wet) or simply because it blows from the "land of darkness" (the far north) Vulturnus (NE) – (normally SE, but placed mistakenly by Isidore in the NE, as in the Vatican table). Isidore derives its etymology from alte tornat ("thundering high"). Earlier, Seneca said it was named after a battle (reported by Livy) in which the funneling wind threw dirt into the eyes of Roman soldiers and delivered their defeat. Both are almost certainly incorrect. It is probably an old local wind, named after the hills of Volturno, southeast of Rome. Others believe it related to vulsi ("demolisher", from vellere), because of its storminess. Volturno itself is named after "volvere" which meant "to roll" and is cognate with Spanish "volver" which means "to return". Subsolanus (E) – Isidore says it is from sub ortu solis ("from under the rising sun"). Concordant with Aulus Gellius, who further notes it is a name coined by Roman sailors. Eurus (SE) – from the Greek Eos (dawn) Euroauster (SSE) – compound of Eurus and Auster Auster (S) – Isidore derives it from "hauriendo aquas" (drawing up water), a reference to its humidity. First mentioned in Virgil as the "black Auster", which "saddens all the sky" with rain. Possibly related to "austerus" (harsh, hot) or to shine (from a light quarter). Austroafricus (SSW) – compound of Auster and Africus. Africus (SW) – Isidore deduces it correctly "from Africa", a direct translation of the Greek Lips ("from Libya"). Favonius (W) – Isidore is probably correct in relating it to "favere", a favorable wind. He speaks of it as coming in the Spring, melting the winter frost and reviving vegetation and crops. It has also been related as a mild wind that cleared clouds and relieved the summer heat. Corus (NW) – Isidore spells it Corus and says it is the same as the Caurus (the "frigid Caurus" mentioned earlier by Virgil, but treated as distinct in Vitruvius). Isidore relates it to