father and was thus inclined to 'demean himself frowardly' when the true interests of Ireland were threatened by the government, or where he felt the Roman Catholic faith, of which he was a strong and open champion, to be in peril. Charged and imprisoned In December 1605 he was brought before the Privy Council of Ireland at Dublin on the charge of having organised the petition of the lords and gentlemen of the Pale in favour of those persons who had refused to comply with the enactment requiring attendance at a Protestant church service on Sundays. He denied having been the author of the petition, but on account of his 'obstinate and indecent manner of defending it' was regarded as having been more deeply implicated in the offence than whoever had actually written it. He was therefore retained in prison, and ultimately was sent to England, where he was committed to the Tower of London. The timing of the petition was particularly unfortunate in coming so soon after the discovery of the Gunpowder Plot, although it was not suggested that Barnewall had any involvement in the Plot itself. Release and later career On account of illness he was, however, first 'enlarged (I.e. freed) to his own lodgings,’ and on 31 December 1606, he was sent back to Ireland upon his bond to appear before the Lord Deputy of Ireland and Privy Council within four days to make his submission. While in London he was supposed to have acted as the agent of the recusants in obtaining a relaxation of the law requiring attendance at Anglican worship, but whether this was so or not, his spirited resistance to it had made it practically a dead letter, and no attempt was ever again made in Ireland to enforce attendance at a Protestant church through a fine in the council chamber. In 1613 he strongly opposed the creation of new boroughs in Ireland 'as being designed only to pass votes', and on this account was summoned to England again to answer to the Council. He died on 11 January 1622. Children His son Nicholas (1592-1663) became Viscount Barnewall of Kingsland. Of his daughters: Eleanor married Christopher Fleming, 12th Baron Slane, and had six sons of whom the eldest Thomas renounced the title in favour of his next brother William, 14th Baron; Thomas became Roman Catholic Archbishop of Dublin. Sarah (died before March 1618)