In the United States, the National Biodefense Strategy is a biosecurity strategy that the federal government was directed to adopt by the National Defense Authorization Act for Fiscal Year 2017. The act—the periodic National Defense Authorization Act, the authorization bill for national security—required the secretaries of Defense, Health and Human Services, Homeland Security, and Agriculture to coordinate to produce a comprehensive strategy for countering biological warfare threats and other biological threats. The Donald Trump administration announced the National Biodefense Strategy of 2018 the following year. Later, the Donald Trump administration announced they would siphon funds from medical programs to supplement fundings for the strategy. When questioned about this, it was reported that the Obama administration provided the plans for the strategy. History and background Prior to the 2018 congressional directive, previous U.S. government biodefense strategies existed, including the George W. Bush administration's 2004 Homeland Security Presidential Directive-10 ("Biodefense for the 21st Century"), which was one of many laws and executive actions enacted following the 2001 anthrax attacks. The push for increased federal funding in biodefense began during Bush's term in office. For example, in 2006, Bush, in his annual budget request, asked for a total of $5.1 billion for civilian biodefense. This number was a decrease of $2.5 billion from the previous year's budget. The drop was primarily attributed to the absence of Project BioShield money in 2006; the money for that year was already allocated the previous year. Overall, the 2006 request contained incremental increases for all agencies involved in biodefense. Homeland Security Presidential Directive-10's primary focus was on preventing, detecting, and responding to potential intentional attacks using biological weapons, and set forth the role of the nascent U.S. Department of Homeland Security and other institutions. During the Obama administration, the 2009 National Strategy for Countering Biological Threats and the 2012 National Strategy for Biosurveillance built on the Bush administration's work, and expanded biodefense strategy to emphasis global health security and other public health crises, whether of "natural, accidental, or deliberate origin." The Obama administration biodefense strategies encompass "human, animal, and plant health" and included roles for "federal, state, local, and tribal governments, the private sector, nongovernmental organizations, and international partners." The bipartisan Blue Ribbon Study Panel on Biodefense, a privately sponsored group examining biodefense issues, convened in 2014 and issued a report in 2015. The panel, co-chaired by former governor of Pennsylvania Tom Ridge, warned "that the U.S.