in palm horticulture, in 2009, agriculture (soya, wheat, cattle pasture) has so decimated the remaining habitat, that this palm can usually only be found in the verges of natural vegetation in the berm along the edges of roads. According to him it is being out-competed in such areas by more vigorous invasive species, notably grasses such as Pennisetum purpureum and those of the genus Brachiaria, as well as Eucalyptus and Pinus elliottii. Nigel Kembrey, an English specialist in Butia horticulture, seconds this, calling it "extremely rare and threatened". It is one of the most protected Butia species, being present in at least six conservation areas: the Nascentes do Paranapanema State Park, Vila Velha State Park, Cerrado State Park, Guartelá State Park, and Parque Ibiti. At Represa Alagados in Ponta Grossa, Paraná, it also grows on the grounds of a hydroelectric facility. Hybrids In horticulture, F1 and even F2 hybrids have been created with Butia eriospatha. Notes Sometimes misspelled in works by Glassman. References microspadix Vulnerable flora of South America Flora of Paraná (state) Taxa named by Max Burret