The 1st Army was a field army of the Czechoslovak People's Army, active from 1958-65 and 1969–1991. In its second formation its headquarters was in Pribram. In the 1980s the force included the 1st Tank Division (:cs:1. tanková divize (Československo)), 2nd Motor Rifle Division, 19th Motor Rifle Division, and 20th Motor Rifle Division, as well as many smaller units, including the 321st Army Missile Brigade. The 1st Army was disbanded on 1 December 1991. Role of the Prague Spring By the early 1960s, Czechoslovak president and Communist Party head, Antonin Novotny, grew concerned that the military opposed increasing involvement in the Warsaw Pact. Accordingly, he moved to reorganize the CPA and reassign several generals. In 1965, Novotny reorganized the 1st Army into the Western Military District, and the commander of the 1st Army, Lt. Gen Stanislav Prochazka, saw his power significantly reduced. Nonetheless, he initially earned the favor of the new president, Ludvík Svoboda, in 1968. When the Prague Spring uprising occurred under Alexander Dubcek, Svoboda initially sympathized with the protests. Prochazka then publicly expressed sympathy for the uprising as well. Additionally, Prochazka publicly expressed his opposition to Warsaw Pact intervention in Czechoslovakia's internal affairs. When Svoboda decided to support Warsaw Pact intervention and Soviet suzerainty over Czechoslovakia, General Prochazka was forced into early retirement and the 1st Army reformed again under General Karel Rusov. Units of the Army 1989 This listing is based on the Czech Ministerstvo národní obrany 1950-1990 website, which lists all units of the Czechoslovak People's Army in existence between 1950 and 1990, with their location, subordination, equipment and changes over time. The Army's 1st Headquarters Battalion was located in Příbram. 1st Tank Division in Slaný (in case of full mobilization would have also formed the 16th Tank Division) 1st Tank Regiment in Strašice 2nd Tank Regiment in Rakovník 21st Tank Regiment in Žatec 3rd Motor Rifle Regiment in Louny with BVP-1 tracked infantry fighting vehicles 1st Artillery Regiment in Terezín 1st Separate Rocket Launcher Division in Terezín with OTR-21 Tochka tactical ballistic missiles 13th Separate Rocket Launcher Division in Čihadla with 9K52 Luna-M artillery rocket systems 1st Command and Artillery Reconnaissance Battery in Slaný 5th Anti-Aircraft Missile Regiment in Žatec with 9K33 Osa surface-to-air missile systems 1st Reconnaissance Battalion in Podbořany 3rd Engineer Battalion in Terezín 2nd Signal Battalion in Slaný 1st Supply Battalion in Bílina 1st Maintenance Battalion in Žatec 5th Chemical Defence Battalion