asserted that North Korea's pause of weapons testing since the Singapore summit was a sign of progress, but Bruce Klingner of the Heritage Foundation said there had been longer testing pauses during previous administrations. In the summit, wide gaps persisted between the two countries, including disputes on what the exact definition of denuclearization entailed. In January, Biegun had repeated the official American stance was that sanctions on North Korea would not be lifted until the country had fully denuclearized. On January 31, 2019, Biegun indicated that American negotiators may not demand that North Korea provide a full inventory of its nuclear and missile programs as a first step toward denuclearization, a demand that North Korea had been resisting. Preparations Preparatory talks On October 7, 2018, Pompeo traveled to Pyongyang to negotiate the second summit between Trump and Kim Jong-un. He later met with Moon in Seoul to inform him of the upcoming summit. On January 8, 2019, Kim Jong-un with Xi to consult with him on the possibility of the Trump–Kim summit in Vietnam. On February 16, 2019, Reuters reported that Kim Jong-un would arrive in Vietnam on February 25 ahead of the summit. Train journey to Vietnam Kim Jong-un departed from Pyongyang on February 23, 2019, according to images released by the KCNA news agency. The exact itinerary was kept secret. The train arrived in Đồng Đăng railway station of the Vietnamese border city of Đồng Đăng on February 26, and Kim Jong-un continued on to Hanoi by car. Some experts analyzed Kim's motive for choosing to take a train instead of flying: Kim had wanted to follow Kim Il-sung, who had also traveled to Vietnam through China by railway in 1958. Meeting location Locations considered Bloomberg and the South Korean newspaper Munhwa Ilbo anticipated the location of the second Trump–Kim Summit to be Hanoi, due to Vietnam maintaining good diplomatic relations with both North Korea and the United States. During the 2019 State of the Union Address, Trump announced Vietnam as the host of the second meeting between the two leaders. City choice Several Vietnamese cities were considered to host the summit, which included government direct-administered cities (Hanoi, Da Nang, Ho Chi Minh City) and some other places like Hạ Long, Nha Trang, and Phú Quốc. Hanoi was determined to be the best candidate due to various reasons, such as being presented with the title "City for Peace"