as early as the 1820s (granted in 1815); Orielton housed the mill for wheat grown in the area - an important early industry. The continued adaptive reuse of the residence and the outbuildings is an important part of Orielton's history; Orielton in its stages of construction and the arrangement of its buildings and gardens, illustrates the evolution of an upper-class working farm from early colonial times to the present day, with the occupants appreciating the landscape setting; The buildings and grounds, in their periods of construction, illustrate the sequence of design elements as the estate grew since 1815; Orielton homestead represents the layout of a gentleman's estate with views and vistas afforded to and from the homestead over the landscape and important access routes; Orielton has strong associations with prominent land owners and local gentry since its 1840 occupation to the present Fairfax ownership. It has an association with the World War II air force occupation; The buildings and layout of Orielton have the ability to demonstrate past estate development and farming practices particularly for wheat and flour production. Archaeological remains would provide insights into past occupation and use; Orielton is aesthetically significant because it displays elements of Georgian design and detailing which is representative of the area. It also displays Italianate design rare to the area and to rural properties. Orielton's setting in the rural landscape is representative of design philosophies of the time. Its visual links with the landscape and surrounding properties is significant; Orielton's setting in the rural landscape is representative of design philosophies of the time. Its visual links with the landscape and surrounding properties is significant; The gardens surrounding the homestead are significant for retaining plant specimens and garden layouts associated with their early arrangement. The gardens have been arranged to provide a formal garden setting for the homestead, with its signal plantings of Bunya and Norfolk Island pines, providing a distinctive presence of the homestead against the undulating topography. Individual elements located on the subject site which are considered to be of heritage significance include, but are not limited to, the following: Orielton house; remnants of the original driveway to The Northern Road; remnants of original outbuildings to the north of the site and in the working area; views and vistas; landscape setting; plantings. Orielton dates from Governor Macquarie's 1815 land grant to Edward Lord. The visually prominent farm complex () is situated on