The British Australian Tramway was a long logging railway with a gauge of in Woolgoolga in the Australian state New South Wales, which operated from 1907 to 1914. Set-up and construction The British Australian Timber Company (B.A.T. Co.) was founded in 1906 as a subsidiary of Dalgety Holdings. It purchased in October 1906 a sawmill in Woolgoolga, which had been set-up in 1903 by George W. Nichols. The deal included machinery and equipment, as well as 2.2 hectares (5.5 acres) of land in Woolgoolga and three log harvesting contracts of 3,500 pounds plus two more sawmills in Woolgoolga and south of it. The other tramway in Woolgoolga was operated from 1912 by the Great Northern Timber (G.N.T. Co.) on its 3 ft 6 in (1067 mm) track from the jetty to Corindi. The ship Dorrigo delivered rails and machines for the sawmill to Woolgoolga in 1906 with a total weight of 200 t. Building a tramway was required, because the unsealed roads became to muddy by the bullock teams and traction engines. Its construction commenced mid 1907. Route The tramway of B.A.T. Co. ran from the government-owned jetty of Woolgoolga to the forest in the lower Bucca of the Jesse Simpson Range. By August 1907 it reached the 3 mile depot. Subsequently the ship Nymboida delivered more steel rails with a weight of 30 t to Woolgoolga. By end of January 1908, the tram had reached its planned end of track near a waterfall, where an incline was subsequently built. A horizontal bull wheel was installed in 1908 at the upper end of the gravity operated incline with a grade of 1 in 5 (i.e. 2 %). When loaded log cars ran down the incline they pulled up empty ones uphill by a steel rope with. By end of March 1909 the tramway had been extended to 8 km (5 miles). By end of April of the same year it was 10,5 km (6⅓ miles) long. Above the incline and on the jetty it was hauled by horses. Operation Up to 16 logs could be transported per train. Up to two return runs were conducted per day, if required. The sawmills could cut the logs faster than the sawn timber could be loaded onto ships. Thus connecting the tramways in Coffs Harbour and Woolgoolga was considered during busy times, but the plans have not been implemented. By 1913 six ships