1865. Lewis's accomplishments included implementing a progressive income tax, introducing tax withholding for federal employees, publicly publishing tax returns to pressure taxpayers into accurately reporting their incomes, and establishing a criminal investigation division. Personal life Lewis was elected as a member to the American Philosophical Society in 1881. He was married to Mary Miner. References External links 1801 births 1883 deaths People from Chester County, Pennsylvania Commissioners of Internal Revenue Lincoln administration personnel 19th-century American lawyers 19th-century American biographers American male biographers Historians of Abraham Lincoln Pennsylvania lawyers Pennsylvania Republicans Members of the American Philosophical Society Burials at Oaklands Cemetery