Organisation and establishment On 20 September Mobutu announced the formation of the College of Commissioners-General under the chairmanship of Justin Marie Bomboko. Soldiers expelled the remaining politicians from their offices. Of the Commissioners-General, Albert Ndele, Joseph Mbeka, and Martin Ngwete had all been chef de cabinet to a minister in the Lumumba Government. Damien Kandolo, chef de cabinet to Lumumba, was also made a commissioner. Both Thomas Kanza and Andrè Mandi, members of Lumumba's government, were invited to join the College. Though the latter attended the College's early sessions, both became disturbed by the body's inclination towards Kasa-Vubu and summarily refused to participate in the administration. Their abstention allowed the government's anti-Lumumba slant to worsen without restraint. Meanwhile, Lumumba's Minister of Youth and Sports, Maurice Mpolo attempted to undermine the College and rivaled Mobutu for control of the army. Composition The full list of commissioners was printed in the Moniteur Congolais on 10 October. The following all served during the College's existence: Commissioners-general Commissioner-General for Foreign Affairs and External Commerce and President of the College Justin Bomboko (Free University of Brussels) Commissioner-General for Finance and Monetary Questions and Vice-President of the College Albert Ndele (Catholic University of Leuven) Commissioner-General for Labour and Social Problems Charles Bokonga (Catholic University of Leuven) Commissioner-General for National Education and Youth and Sports and Spokesman of the College Mario Cardoso (Catholic University of Leuven) Commissioner-General for Public Function Valentin Bindo Albi (Free University of Brussels) Commissioner-General for National Defence Ferdinand Kazadi (Lovanium University) Commissioner-General for Agriculture and the Middle Class Pierre Lebughe (Lovanium University) Commissioner-General for Justice Marcel Lihau (Catholic University of Leuven) Commissioner-General for Public Works Joseph Masanga (Lovanium University) Commissioner-General for Economic Co-ordination and Planning Joseph Mbeka (Lovanium University) Commissioner-General for Information and Spokesman of the College Albert Bolela (Catholic University of Leuven) Commissioner-General for Social Affairs Albert Mpase (Catholic University of Leuven) Commissioner-General for Telecommunications Aubert Mukendi (University of Liège) Commissioner-General for Interior José Nussbaumer (Catholic University of Leuven) Commissioner-General for Public Health Marcel Tshibamba (Lovanium University) Commissioners Commissioner for Social Affairs Albert Atunda Commissioner for National Education and Youth and Sports Cléophas Bizala Commissioner for National Education Honoré Waku Commissioner for Labour and Social Problems André Bo-Boliko Commissioner for Interior Damien Kondolo Commissioner for Interior Jonas Mukamba Commissioner for Foreign Affairs and External Commerce Ernest Kashemwa Commissioner for Foreign Affairs and External Commerce Evariste Loliki Commissioner for Economic Co-ordination and Planning