– Stellenbosch to Wellington on 4 November. The Cape Town and Green Point Tramway introduces horse-drawn trams from Adderley Street to Green Point. 1864 New lines opened: Cape Western – Salt River to Wynberg on 19 December. 1867 New lines opened: Natal – Durban to Umgeni on 4 April. 1869 The first rails of the Namaqualand Railway from Port Nolloth to O'okiep are laid. 1870s 1870 A second broad gauge locomotive is observed at Table Bay Harbour, a 0-4-0 saddle-tank engine built by Hughes's Locomotive & Tramway Engine Works which had entered service between 1863 and 1870. 1871 New lines opened: Namaqualand – Port Nolloth to Muishondfontein on 18 February. The first gauge locomotives arrive in South Africa. 1872 The Cape Government Railways is established and takes over the operation of all public railways in the Colony, consisting of altogether 63 route miles of track from Cape Town via Stellenbosch to Wellington and via Salt River to Wynberg. 1873 New lines opened: Namaqualand – Muishondfontein to Kookfontein. The first Cape gauge locomotives arrive in South Africa. 1874 The railway line from Port Elizabeth to Uitenhage is partially opened. 1875 New lines opened: Cape Midland – Port Elizabeth to Addo on 26 July and Swartkops to Uitenhage on 22 September. Cape Western – Wellington to Wolseley on 3 November. 1876 New lines opened: Cape Eastern – East London to Blaney on 18 December. Cape Midland – Addo to Sand Flats on 1 April. Cape Western – Wolseley to Worcester on 16 June and Bellville to Muldersvlei on 14 September. Namaqualand – Kookfontein to O'okiep on 1 January. The ship Memento sinks off East London with two Cape 2nd Class 2-6-2TT locomotives for the Eastern System. Construction begins on the Cape Town Central Station as hub to the Cape Government Railways. The Hex River tunnel on the railway line between Osplaas and Matroosberg is completed. Construction begins on the Cape gauge railway line from Durban to Pietermaritzburg in Natal. 1877 New lines opened: Cape Eastern – Blaney to King William's Town and to Kei Road, both on 1 May. Cape Midland – Uitenhage to Glenconnor on 1 May and Sand Flats to Alicedale on 27 May. Cape Western – Worcester to Kleinstraat on 7 November and Kraaifontein to Malmesbury on 12 November. 1878 New lines opened: Cape Eastern – Kei Road to Döhne on 15 August. Cape Midland – Glenconnor to Mount