them. The two broke definitely in late 1970, and in the spring of 1971 the so-called I Congreso del Pueblo Carlista, a grand carlohuguista assembly intended to turn Comunion Tradicionalista into a new Partido Carlista, formally expelled Valiente. Later the related terrorist organisation Grupos de Acción Carlista planned an assault against him. In early 1971 Valiente was already engaged in buildup of Hermandad de Maestrazgo, formally a combatant grouping but intended as a new, genuine Carlist organization. He took part in a grand 1972 assembly, attended by some 700 participants, though he did not assume any formal position; in 1973 he clashed with Zamanillo over would-be alliance with Blas Piñar. Following relaxation of the law on political organizations, para-political groupings were no longer needed; Valiente started working around a new broadly based monarchist party, possibly with titular presidency of Juan Carlos. The organization eventually materialized in 1975 as Unión Nacional Española, but following internal disagreements Valiente left it already in early 1976; some doubted his credibility quoting the secret 1934 talks with Alfonso XIII. Later this year he advocated sort of a Traditionalist umbrella organization in form of a confederation, but failed. He voted in favor of Ley para la Reforma Política, dubbed "suicide of the Francoist Cortes"; as the chamber was dissolved Valiente lost his mandate in 1977. Also in 1977 he engaged in Alianza Popular, but abandoned it the following year in protest against endorsement of the 1978 constitution. In 1979 he joined Derecha Democrática Española, a renewed and failed attempt to build a popular conservative party. See also Carlism Traditionalism (Spain) Francoist Spain Footnotes Further reading Martin Blinkhorn, Carlism and Crisis in Spain 1931-1939, Cambridge 1975, Francisco Javier Caspistegui Gorasurreta, El naufragio de las ortodoxias. El carlismo 1962-1977, Pamplona 1997, ISBN 8431315644 Manuel Martorell Pérez, La continuidad ideológica del carlismo tras la Guerra Civil [PhD thesis UNED], Valencia 2009 Mercedes Vázquez de Prada, El final de una ilusión. Auge y declive del tradicionalismo carlista (1957-1967), Madrid 2016, ISBN 9788416558407 Mercedes Vázquez de Prada, José María Valiente Soriano: Una semblanza política, [in:] Memoria y Civilización 15 (2012), pp. 249–265, Mercedes Vázquez de Prada, El nuevo rumbo político del Carlismo hacia la colaboración con el regimen (1955-1956), [in:] Hispania LXIX/231 (2009), pp. 179–208, External links political biography of Valiente Sevilla University catalogue Historical Index of Deputies 1900 births 1982 deaths Carlists Academic staff of the Complutense University of Madrid