The Marangál na Dalit ng̃ Katagalugan (English title: Honorable Hymn of the Tagalog Nation/People) is a song of the Philippine Revolution composed in November 1896 by Julio Nakpil at the request of Andres Bonifacio as the anthem of the revolutionary Tagalog Republic. However, this nascent revolutionary government was displaced and superseded by a succession of revolutionary governments headed by Emilio Aguinaldo and the composition known today as Lupang Hinirang became the national anthem of the Republic of the Philippines. History Nakpil was requested by Andres Bonifacio to compose a national anthem for his conceptual Filipino nation-state as realized through the Katipunan as its revolutionary government, of which he was the President ("Pangulo"). This concept of the Filipino nation was called the Haring Bayang Katagalugan ("Sovereign Tagalog Nation/People", or "Sovereign Nation of the Tagalog People"), also known as the Republika ng Katagalugan ("Republic of the Tagalog Nation/People", simplified in other languages as "Tagalog Republic"), with "sovereign nation" and "republic" being used interchangeably, and "Tagalog" etc. being used in place of "Filipino", etc. The song was first performed in Bonifacio's camp in Balara in November 1896. The form chosen by Nakpil, the dalit, was traditionally a sung prayer or supplication. Later, Nakpil sent a copy of the Himno Nacional to Bonifacio, who was then in Cavite, together with a letter to him dated January 30, 1897. Bonifacio acknowledged this in a reply letter dated February 13. However, in an ensuing power struggle involving Bonifacio and the Magdalo and Magdiwang factions of the Katipunan in Cavite, the Katipunan revolutionary government was displaced and superseded by a succession of revolutionary governments headed by Emilio Aguinaldo, and Bonifacio was eventually executed by that government on May 7. Lyrics The following lyrics follow Nakpil's handwritten notes, marked with "Balara - Nov. 1896. The English translations are tentative and for the purposes of the article. Nakpil's reconstructed sheet music indicates further repetition of some words, thus: Nakpil's notes include other verses, also marked as "Balara - Nov. 1896", but without sheet music, so it is unclear if these are additional, draft, or variant verses, or what words are supposed to repeat. Replacement Nakpil recalled decades later that even after Bonifacio's death, the song was still being played in Cavite and Laguna as late as 1898. After the Aguinaldo was chosen over Bonifacio as President in the Tejeros Convention elections held on March 22, 1897. On June 5,