Maharashtra is a state in western India. It is the country's second-most-populous state and third-largest state by area. Maharashtra is bordered by the Arabian Sea on the west, Gujarat and the Union territory of Dadra and Nagar Haveli on the northwest, Madhya Pradesh on the north and northeast, Chhattisgarh on the east, Karnataka on the south, Telangana on the southeast and Goa on the southwest. The state covers , or 9.84 percent of India's total area. Mumbai, Maharashtra's capital city, is India's largest city and its financial capital. Maharashtra has three modes of public transportation: road, rail and air. The state has two major ports, both in the Mumbai region: Jawaharlal Nehru Port (JNPT) and Mumbai Port Trust. Human power In rural areas of Maharashtra, walking remains a common mode of transport. In large cities, such as Mumbai and Pune, skywalks have been proposed or are under construction to enhance pedestrian safety and convenience; the Mumbai Metropolitan Region Development Authority has begun construction of more than 50 such skywalks. There is a high level of bicycle ownership in the state. Along with walking, cycling accounts for a significant number of commuter trips in rural and urban areas Pune was long known as the bicycle city of India. During the 1970s, bicycles began to be replaced by motorcycles. To combat pollution and ease traffic congestion, government development authorities are encouraging the use of separate bicycle lanes next to motor traffic. Animal powered Bullock carts have historically been the most common mode of transport in Maharashtra for goods and, to a lesser extent, for people. They are still used in rural areas for transporting goods to homes and farms, or for transporting produce such as sugarcane to a mill. Khillari cattle have been the most popular for use as oxen. Horses (riding and draft), donkeys, and elephants are other animals which have been used in the region for transport. The indigenous Bhimthadi horse was popular for riding at the time of the Maratha Empire. During the British colonial era, the horse-drawn Tanga and Victoria were popular modes of transport in urban areas. They began to be replaced by motorized, three-wheeled auto rickshaws for intermediate public transport during the 1960s. Donkeys are still used on building sites for carrying sand, but (unlike the Middle East) are not used for riding. Road Transport At , Maharashtra has India's largest road network. Seventeen national highways