to Tübingen in 1943. Work Kühn's fields of research were genetics and physiology of development, especially of insects like Ephestia. He integrated experiments on development and heredity. He proposed a model of the gene-enzyme relation, which is important for the connection or mapping of genes to phenotypes. Under study was the pigmentation of insect eyes. Together with his colleagues he realized that genes are not directly giving rise to physiological substances. Rather they found that there is a "primary reaction" which leads to enzymes. These enzymes then catalyze particular steps, eventually leading to pigments of the eye. Elements of today's evolutionary developmental biology are related to Kühn's work. His lecture notes on developmental biology (Vorlesungen über Entwicklungsphysiologie) were a standard textbook. Honours 1966: Großes Verdienstkreuz mit Stern of Germany Bibliography Grundriß der allgemeinen Zoologie für Studierende. Thieme, Leipzig 1922; 17. Auflage 1969. Die Orientierung der Tiere im Raum. Fischer, Jena 1919. mit : Über hormonale Wirkungen bei der Verpuppung der Schmetterlinge. In: Nachrichten von der Gesellschaft der Wissenschaften zu Göttingen. Mathematisch-physikalische Klasse, Fachgruppe 6, N. F., Bd. 2 (1936), Nr. 9, S. 141–154. Grundriß der Vererbungslehre. Quelle und Meyer, Leipzig 1939. Zur Entwicklungsphysiologie der Schmetterlingsmetamorphose. In: VII. Internationaler Kongress für Entomologie: Verhandlungen. Uschmann, Weimar 1939/40. Vorlesungen über Entwicklungsphysiologie. Springer, Berlin 1955. English translation by R. Milkman: Lectures in Developmental Physiology. Springer, New York 1971. Versuche zur Entwicklung eines Modells der Genwirkungen. In: Die Naturwissenschaften. Bd. 43 (Januar 1956), H. 2, S. 25–28, doi:10.1007/BF00637519. About : Alfred Kühn. 22. April 1885 – 22. November 1968. In: Jahrbuch der Akademie der Wissenschaften in Göttingen. 1968, S. 83-85 Manfred D. Laubichler, Hans-Jörg Rheinberger: Alfred Kühn (1885-1968) and developmental evolution. Journal of Experimental Zoology Part B: Molecular and Developmental Evolution 302B (2004) 103 - 110 References 1885 births 1968 deaths 20th-century German zoologists German geneticists Academic staff of the University of Göttingen Knights Commander of the Order of Merit of the Federal Republic of Germany Recipients of the Pour le Mérite (civil class) Members of the German Academy of Sciences at Berlin Max Planck Institute directors