stating Lingayatism to be a form of qualified non-dualism, wherein the individual Atman (soul) is the body of God, and that there is no difference between Shiva and Atman (self, soul), Shiva is one's Atman, one's Atman is Shiva. Sripati's analysis places Lingayatism in a form closer to the 11th century Vishishtadvaita philosopher Ramanuja, than to Advaita philosopher Adi Shankara. Qualified monism Other scholars state that Lingayatism is more complex than the description of the Veerashaiva scholar Sripati. It united diverse spiritual trends during Basava's era. Jan Peter Schouten states that it tends towards monotheism with Shiva as the godhead, but with a strong awareness of the monistic unity of the Ultimate Reality. Schouten calls this as a synthesis of Ramanuja's Vishishtadvaita and Shankara's Advaita traditions, naming it Shakti-Vishishtadvaita, that is monism fused with Shakti beliefs. But Basava's approach is different than Adi Shankara, states Schouten, in that Basava emphasises the path of devotion, compared to Shankara's emphasis on the path of knowledge—a system of monistic Advaita philosophy widely discussed in Karnataka in the time of Basava. Panchacharas The Panchacharas describe the five codes of conduct to be followed by the Lingayats. The Panchacharas include: Lingāchāra – Daily worship of the individual Ishtalinga icon, one to three times day. Sadāchāra – Attention to vocation and duty, and adherence to the seven rules of conduct issued by Basavanna: (Do not steal) (Do not kill or hurt) (Do not utter lies) (Do not praise yourself*, i.e., practice humility) (Do not criticize others) (shun anger) (Do not be intolerant towards others) Sivāchāra – acknowledging Shiva as the supreme divine being and upholding the equality and well-being of all human beings. Bhrityāchāra – Compassion towards all creatures. Ganāchāra – Defence of the community and its tenets. Ashtavarana The Ashtavaranas, the eight-fold armour that shields the devotee from extraneous distraction and worldly attachments. The Ashtavaranas include: Guru – obedience towards Guru, the Mentor; Linga – wearing the Ishtalinga on your body at all times; Jangama – reverence for Shiva ascetics as incarnations of divinity; Pādodaka – sipping the water used for bathing the Linga; Prasāda – sacred offerings; Vibhuti – smearing holy ash on oneself daily; Rudrāksha – wearing a string of rudraksha (holy beads, seeds of Elaeocarpus ganitrus); Mantra – reciting the mantra of "Namah Shivaya: (salutation to Shiva)" Kāyakavē Kailāsa doctrine and karma Kayakave kailasa is a slogan in Veerashaivism. It means "work