lines EIA resolution, or ~ 550x480 edge-to-edge) U-matic BVU (1982): Largely used in high-end consumer and professional equipment U-matic BVU-SP (1985): Largely used in high-end consumer and professional equipment S-VHS (1987): Largely used in mid-range consumer and prosumer equipment S-VHS-C (1987): Limited to low-end consumer market Hi8 (1988): Used in low to mid-range consumer equipment but also was available as prosumer/industrial equipment Digital DV (1995): Initially developed by Sony, the DV standard became the most widespread standard-definition digital camcorder technology for the next decade. Users could connect their DV camcorders to their computers, using 4- or 6-pin FireWire sockets then common on computers. DVCPRO (1995): Panasonic released its own variant of the DV format for broadcast news-gathering. DVCAM (1996): Sony's answer to the DVCPRO DVD recordable (1996): A variety of recordable optical disc standards were released by multiple manufacturers during the 1990s and 2000s, of which DVD-RAM was the first. The most common in camcorders was MiniDVD-R, which used recordable 8 cm discs holding 30 minutes of MPEG video. D-VHS (1998): JVC's VHS tape supporting 720p/1080i HD; many units also supported IEEE 1394 recording. Digital8 (1999): Uses Hi8 tapes; most can read older Video8 and Hi8 analog tapes. MICROMV (2001): Matchbox-sized cassette. Sony was the only electronics manufacturer for this format, and editing software was proprietary to Sony and only available on Microsoft Windows; however, open source programmers did manage to create capture software for Linux. Blu-ray Disc (2003): Manufactured by Hitachi HDV (2004): Records up to an hour of HDTV MPEG-2 signal on a MiniDV cassette MPEG-2 codec-based format: Records MPEG-2 program stream or MPEG-2 transport stream to various kinds of tapeless standard and HD media (hard disks, solid-state memory, etc.). H.264: Compressed video using the H.264 codec in an MPEG-4 file; usually stored in tapeless media AVCHD: Puts H.264 video into a transport-stream file format; compressed in H.264 format (not MPEG-4) Multiview Video Coding: Amendment to H.264/MPEG-4 AVC video compression for sequences captured from multiple cameras using a single video stream; backwards-compatible with H.264 Operating systems Since most manufacturers focus their support on Windows and Mac users, users of other operating systems have difficulty finding support for their devices. However, open-source products such as Kdenlive, Cinelerra and Kino (written for the Linux operating system) allow editing of most popular digital formats on alternative operating systems and can be used in conjunction with OBS for online broadcast solutions; software