AA defence. The superior M31 was adopted instead in small numbers Grant ARV I US T2 (later M31). It is not clear which version(s) the UK received: M31, M31B1 or M32B2 Grant Command Fitted with map table and extra radio equipment. On some, the 37mm guns were removed or replaced with dummies. Grant Scorpion III gun removed to allow for fitment with Scorpion III mine flail by REME workshops, few made in January 1943 for use in Tunisia campaign in North Africa. At least 1 was based on a welded-hull Grant Grant Scorpion IV Scorpion III with additional Bedford motor at rear to increase Scorpion flail power. Grant CDL "Canal Defence Light"; 37mm turret replaced by one with a powerful carbon arc light which could be set to flicker rapidly to disorient the enemy. A BESA (UK) or Browning M1919 (US) machine gun was fitted and some were fitted with a dummy 37mm gun. The Grant CDL replaced the earlier Matilda II CDL in anticipation of use in North West Europe. 335 were converted in the UK, some on refurbished M3 Lee hulls specially supplied by the US. The US also produced 497 of their own version to equip 6 tank battalions under the designation Shop Tractor T10 to disguise its purpose. Some of these used the M3A1 cast hull. Australian variants M3 BARV A single M3A5 was converted into a "Beach Armoured Recovery Vehicle". Yeramba Self Propelled Gun. Australian Self-propelled 25-pounder. 13 vehicles built in 1949 on M3A5 chassis in a conversion very similar to the Canadian Sexton. Designs based on chassis Medium Tank M4 Sherman Tank Cruiser, Ram - see article for full list of variants 105 mm Self Propelled Gun, Priest Kangaroo armoured personnel carrier 25pdr SP, tracked, Sexton Mark I - Sexton Mark II was on a Grizzly (M4-based) chassis M12 Gun Motor Carriage - 155mm field gun Operators Australia did not use the M3 series operationally and all remained in Australia. 777 were supplied directly from the USA: 290 Grant I, 232 Grant II and 255 Lee I. 149 Grant IIs were kept in post-war reserve service until 1955, by which date only 50 were still operational. 77 M3A3 and 23 M3A5 supplied Canada used the M3 platform to develop its own Ram tank but did not use the M3 tank itself. Free French forces operated the M31 ARV series but did not operate the