of United States citizens who are 21 years or older. While also defining "special immigrants" in six different categories, which includes: An immigrant and dependent of the immigrant from the Western Hemisphere if the approved. An immigrant who traveled abroad for a short period of time. An immigrant who was considered a United States citizen or applying for citizenship. An immigrant and dependents of the immigrant who is conducting religious practices and are needed by a religion sector to be in the United States. An immigrant and their dependent who is/was a United States government employee abroad. They must have served 15 or more years to be considered a special immigrant. This category is only given if the Foreign Service Office recommended this specific immigrant to be qualified for this categorization. An immigrant who is 14 years or younger has been considered an immediate relative of a U.S. citizen. However, their parent(s) cannot take care of them for multiple reasons, including death, abandonment, and so on. It added a quota system for immigration from the Western Hemisphere, which was not included in the earlier national quota system. This was for the first time, immigration from the Western Hemisphere was limited, while the Eastern Hemisphere saw an increase in the number of visas granted. It added a labor certification requirement, which dictated that the Secretary of Labor needed to certify labor shortages. It explained how immigrants who are not immediate relatives of citizens and are considered special immigrants would apply and get approved to immigrate into the United States. Most approvals will need to be approved by the Attorney General, Congress, and Secretary of Labor. Refugees were given the seventh and last category preference with the possibility of adjusting their status. However, refugees could enter the United States by other means, such as seeking temporary asylum. Immediate impact on quota immigrant admissions The Act of October 3, 1965 phased out the National Origins Formula quota system set by the Immigration and Nationality Act of 1952 in two stages: Effective December 1, 1965, during a transition period covering fiscal years ending June 30 of 1966–1968, national quotas continued, but any unused quota spots were pooled and made available to other countries that had exhausted their quota, on a first-come, first-serve basis. While still granting first priority to European countries according to the National Origins Formula, immigration from countries with high quotas had