50 years. Those ties began in 1953 with youth exchanges, the first of which was held in 1953. Both towns continue to be committed to twinning activities today. Dunkirk, Nord, Hauts-de-France, France Although Middlesbrough is also officially twinned with the town, twinning events have ceased. Masvingo, Masvingo District, Masvingo Province, Zimbabwe, since 1989 See also Parmo Zoë's Place Baby Hospice References Further reading Bell, Lady Florence. At the Works, a Study of a Manufacturing Town (1907) online. Briggs, Asa. Victorian Cities (1965) pp 245–82. Doyle, Barry. "Labour and hospitals in urban Yorkshire: Middlesbrough, Leeds and Sheffield, 1919–1938." Social history of medicine (2010): hkq007. Glass, Ruth. The social background of a plan: a study of Middlesbrough (1948) Warwick, Tosh. Central Middlesbrough through time (2013). External links Official Middlesbrough Council Website Towns in North Yorkshire 1830 establishments in England Areas within Middlesbrough Places in the Tees Valley Populated places established in 1830 Port cities and towns of the North Sea Ports and harbours of Yorkshire Towns with cathedrals in the United Kingdom Unparished areas in North Yorkshire