in 2013 to oversee the research and implementation of the university's sustainable development initiatives. In 2014, the Ateneo launched an electric jeepney shuttle system operated by Meralco within its Loyola Heights campus to replace motorized tricycles as the means of transporting students and personnel around the campus; the Ateneo was the first educational institution in the Philippines to implement an electric jeepney transportation system. Ateneo Blue Cloud Amidst the COVID-19 pandemic in 2020, the Ateneo de Manila University launched the Ateneo Blue Cloud (stylized AteneoBlueCloud), an online platform for the university's scholarly community. Branded as the university's "virtual campus", the Ateneo Blue Cloud hosts school curricula materials based around their framework of an "adaptive design for learning", wherein online, blended, and face-to-face educational programs are accessible by registered users. Academics Teaching and learning The Ateneo offers instruction in the primary, secondary, undergraduate, and graduate level. It is a research university that offers 48 undergraduate degrees, 93 graduate degrees, and 11 professional degrees. Dual/joint degree programs are offered within the schools and with other universities as well. Individual schools conduct separate admissions processes; admission into one unit in no way guarantees admission into another unit. As is common in the Philippines, the primary medium of instruction is English, with a few classes taught in Filipino. Aside from teaching and research, the Ateneo de Manila also engages in social outreach. Undergraduate core curriculum A key feature of the Loyola Schools is a liberal arts undergraduate core curriculum, required for all undergraduates. It includes philosophy, English and Filipino literature, theology, history, various branches of social sciences, and a community service component. Undergraduate programs at the Loyola Schools are aimed at fostering student-centred learning. The Ateneo follows the semester hour system common in American universities. Most classes are held below 40 students and student discussion is encouraged. Recognition and reputation The Times Higher Education World University Rankings ranked the Ateneo as the top university in the Philippines, placing it in the 351–400 bracket of its 2023 global rankings list. The university also placed in the 101–200 bracket worldwide in the THE Impact Rankings 2022 on the seven criteria of Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs), making it the highest among the Philippine institutions included. The university received an overall score of 83.7 out of 100, placing 48th worldwide in adhering to the clean water and sanitation SDG. The QS World University Rankings ranked the Ateneo first