with some exceptions. Guatemala requires any foreigner who is a permanent resident to apply for a multiple 5-year exit visa. United States The United States of America does not require exit visas. Since 1 October 2007, however, the U.S. government requires all foreign and U.S. nationals departing the United States by air to hold a valid passport (or certain specific passport-replacing documents). Even though travellers might not require a passport to enter a certain country, they will require a valid passport booklet (booklet only, U.S. Passport Card not accepted) to depart the United States in order to satisfy the U.S. immigration authorities. Exemptions to this requirement to hold a valid passport include: U.S. Permanent Resident/Resident Alien Card (Form I-551); U.S. Military ID Cards when travelling on official orders; U.S. Merchant Mariner Card; NEXUS Card; U.S. travel document: Refugee Travel Document (Form I-571); or Permit to Re-Enter (Form I-327) Emergency Travel Document (e.g. Consular Letter) issued by a foreign embassy or consulate specifically for the purpose of travel to the bearer's home country. Nationals of Mexico holding one of the following documents: (expired) "Matricula Consular"; or Birth certificate with consular registration; or Certificate of Nationality issued by a Mexican consulate abroad; or Certificate of Military Duty (Cartilla Militar); or Voter's Certificate (Credencial IFE or Credencial para Votar). In addition, green card holders and certain other aliens must obtain a certificate of compliance (also known as a "sailing permit" or "departure permit") from the Internal Revenue Service proving that they are up-to-date with their US income tax obligations before they may leave the country. While the requirement has been in effect since 1921, it has not been stringently enforced, but in 2014 the House Ways and Means Committee has considered beginning to enforce the requirement as a way to increase tax revenues. Australia Australia, citing COVID-19 concerns, in 2020 banned outward travel by both Australian citizens and permanent residents, unless they requested and were granted an exemption. In August 2021 this ban was extended to people who are ordinarily resident in countries other than Australia as well. Exceptions apply to business travel and travel for "compelling reasons" for three months or longer, among others. On 1 November 2021, after 20 months, the exit permit system was scrapped and New South Wales and Victoria officially re-opened their borders in addition to ending quarantine requirements on arrival for fully vaccinated individuals. However, on 27