binaries. Bob Barton was also very influential on Alan Kay. Kay was also impressed by the data-driven tagged architecture of the B5000 and this influenced his thinking in his developments in object-oriented programming and Smalltalk. Another facet of the B5000 architecture was that it was a secure architecture that runs directly on hardware. This technique has descendants in the virtual machines of today in their attempts to provide secure environments. One notable such product is the Java JVM which provides a secure sandbox in which applications run. The value of the hardware-architecture binding that existed before emode would be substantially preserved in the x86-based machines to the extent that MCP was the one and only control program, but the support provided by those machines is still inferior to that provided on the machines where the B6500 instruction set is the native instruction set. A little-known Intel processor architecture that actually preceded 32-bit implementations of the x86 instruction set, the Intel iAPX 432, would have provided an equivalent physical basis, as it too was essentially an object-oriented architecture. See also Burroughs Medium Systems Burroughs Small Systems CANDE Network Definition Language (NDL) Work Flow Language (WFL) Octal floating point Notes References The Extended ALGOL Primer (Three Volumes), Donald J. Gregory. Computer Architecture: A Structured Approach, R. Doran, Academic Press (1979). Stack Computers: The New Wave, Philip J. Koopman, available at: B5500, B6500, B6700, B6800, B6900, B7700 manuals at: bitsavers.org Further reading Barton, Robert S. "A New Approach to the Functional Design of a Digital Computer" Proceedings of the Western Joint Computer Conference. ACM (1961). Burroughs B 5000 Oral history, Charles Babbage Institute, University of Minnesota. The Burroughs 5000 computer series is discussed by individuals responsible for its development and marketing from 1957 through the 1960s in a 1985 conference sponsored by AFIPS and Burroughs Corporation. Hauck, E.A., Dent, Ben A. "Burroughs B6500/B7500 Stack Mechanism", SJCC (1968) pp. 245–251. McKeeman, William M. "Language Directed Computer Design", Fall Joint Computer Conference, (1967) pp. 413–417. Organick, Elliot I. "Computer System Organization The B5700/B6700 series", Academic Press (1973). Waychoff, Richard, "Stories of the B5000 and People Who Were There", September 27, 1979. Allweiss, Jack. "The Burroughs B5900 and E-Mode A bridge to 21st Century Computing", Revised 2010. Martin, Ian. "'Too far ahead of its time': Britain, Burroughs and real-time banking in the 1960s", Society for the History of Technology Annual Meeting, 20 Sep-3 Oct 2010, Tacoma,