he was created. As such, Greek variants of the tale are known as Moscambaris or Muscambre, after the materials used to build the husband: namely, musk and amber. In addition, German scholar Max Lüthi noted that sugar appears to be "the crucial ingredient" in most variants from Greece and Italy. Variants Folklorist Ruth Ann Musick collected a variant from West Virginia from a man named Jon De Luca, in Fairmont, who learned from his mother, who learned from her mother. In this tale, titled The Dough Prince, a princess who cannot find any fitting suitor, decides to create her own lover: she mixes dough and shapes it like a human male, to whom she gives life with a kiss. As it happens in other tales, the prince is captured by a foreign queen, and his princess goes after him. She meets an old man who gives her three valuable stones and she trades them for three nights with the prince. Russian professor V. A. Yaremenko translated into Russian an Iraqi tale titled "Султан Анбар" ("Sultan Ambar"): a princess is courted by many men, but she chooses no suitor. Fed up with all the rejected princes and emirs, the king announces he will wed her to the first suitor. The princess, then, decides to build herself a husband, with musk, ambar (or ambergris), rose water and Indian perfumes. She prays to Allah to give him a soul and animate him, and her prayers are answered. She takes the artificial man to her father and introduces him as Sultan Ambar, her fiancé. A witch princess from another country hears about Sultan Ambar's beauty and kidnapps him after their wedding. The princess journeys far and wide to find him, and has some adventures on the way there, by helping kings and villages. She is rewarded with a chicken with chicks that eat pearls instead of grains, a dress encrusted with pearls and a saad bird made of diamond and eyes of agate. The princess uses the three items as bribes to buy three nights in her husband's bed in the witch princess's castle. German linguist Paul Kretschmer translated a Greek tale into German as Der Mann aus Zucker ("The Man [made] of Sugar"). Footnotes References Greek fairy tales Fiction about shapeshifting Witchcraft in fairy tales ATU 400-459