of spite for God), as opposed to the mumar le'teavon (one who transgresses due to his inability to resist the temptation of illicit pleasure), was placed by some of the Rabbis in the same category as the minim. Even if he habitually transgressed one law only (for example, if he defiantly violated one of the dietary laws out of spite for God), he was not allowed to perform any religious function, nor could he testify in a Jewish court because if one denies one divinely ordinated law it is akin to his denial of its godly origin. One who violated the Sabbath publicly or worshiped idols could not participate in the eruv chazerot, nor could he write a bill of divorce. One who would not permit himself to be circumcised could not perform the ceremony on another. While the court could not compel the mumar to divorce his wife, even though she demanded it, they would compel him to support her and her children and to pay her an allowance until he agreed to a divorce. At his death, those who are present need not tear their garments as they would by a fellow Jew. The mumar who repented and desired readmittance into the Jewish community was obliged to take a ritual immersion, the same as the convert. If he claimed to be a good Jew, although he was alleged to have worshiped idols in another town, he was believed when no benefit could have accrued to him from such a course. Heresy in Orthodox Judaism The definitions of heresy are sometimes different in certain Orthodox Jewish circles. Some Haredis consider many works of Maimonides to be heretical, due to his more liberal interpretations of the Torah. That being said, many Orthodox Jews also hold Maimonides' Mishneh Torah to a very high regard. A number of Haredi Jews consider the Conservative, Reconstructionist and Reform and Open Orthodoxy movements to be heretical due to the concessions and changes that they have made to traditional Judaism, and even smaller number of Hasidic groups such as Satmar and the Neturei Karta consider the State of Israel to be a heretical institution. Ultimately, the majority of Orthodox Jews consider individual secular Jews and those who drive on the Sabbath, eat non-kosher foods and in other ways violate the ways of their ancestors, as tinok shenishbim that are not responsible for their actions as opposed