Engineering in the Americas before the arrival of Christopher Columbus was advanced in agriculture, hydrology, irrigation systems, transportation, mechanical engineering, civil engineering and astronomy. In addition Native Americans made extensive use of fire to change the landscape and to create open areas for farming and hunting. Examples of pre-Columbian engineering from different indigenous civilizations can be found across North and South America. North America Pueblo Structures Hohokam Canals Chaco Canyon Tenochitlan Flood Gates Teotihuacan Serpent Mound South America Inca road system Nazca Lines Machu Picchu Sacsayhuaman Chavin/Inca canals Tiwanaku Chan Chan Anden Zenu canals and drains See also Inca Empire Incan agriculture Kuelap Paracas culture Nazca culture Caral References Americas-related lists History of engineering Pre-Columbian cultures