figures from that era, and proposed a new "nationalism of the deed" and a united "national will" in which violence was a necessary instrument to overthrow the old order. He condemned the Polonophilia, Russophilia, and Austrophilia of various segments of contemporary Ukrainian society. In his writings, Dontsov called for the birth of a "new man" with "hot faith and stone heart" (гарячої віри й кам'яного серця) who would not be afraid to mercilessly destroy Ukraine's enemies. He believed in the sacredness of national culture and that it should be protected by any means necessary. His fiery exhortations had a profound influence on many of Ukraine's youth who experienced the oppression of their nation and who were disillusioned with democracy. Although he did not become a member of the Organization of Ukrainian Nationalists, his writings served as an inspiration for OUN members and many Ukrainians not only in Galicia but in Volyn as well, where OUN influence had been negligible before 1941 and the local Ukrainian movement had been led by the Communist Party of Western Ukraine and where his writings were sold even more than in Galicia. Exile and legacy In 1939, on the eve of the Soviet Invasion of Poland, Dontsov left Poland, living in Bucharest, Prague, Germany, Paris and the United States. In 1949, he moved to Montreal where he taught Ukrainian literature at the French-language Université de Montréal. In later years he became a devotee of theosophy. According to East Europe historian Timothy Snyder, Ukraine rejected Dontsov’s theory that it should be exclusively for and about people who spoke Ukrainian and shared Ukrainian culture. His brand of ethnic nationalism lost out in favor of the pluralistic form championed by Vyacheslav Lypynsky and Ivan L. Rudnytsky. Dontsov died in 1973 in Montreal, and is buried in Bound Brook, New Jersey. References Bibliography A romantic in the era of pragmatism Longing for the heroic - Dmytro Dontsov: a person of European spirit and Ukrainian mindset article by Dmytro Drozdovskyi Encyclopedia of Ukraine Dmytro Dontsov's life and examples of his work Dontsov's view of Leninism Belarusian translation of Dontsov's "Nationalism" Archives of Dmytro Dontsov (Dmytro Dontsov fonds, R6132) are held at Library and Archives Canada 1883 births 1973 deaths People from Melitopol People from Melitopolsky Uyezd Ukrainian Social Democratic Labour Party politicians Organization of Ukrainian Nationalists Ukrinform people Ukrainian writers Ukrainian literary critics Ukrainian refugees Ukrainian publishers (people) Ukrainian nationalists