but is attacked with almost identical methods. Instead of the voltage at each node, EM analysis solves for current in each branch, and instead of a voltage limit, there is a current limit per wire, depending on its layer and width. Other IC applications may use only a portions of the flows mentioned here. A gate array or field programmable gate array (FPGA) designer, for example, will only do the design stages, since the detailed usage of these parts is not known when the power supply must be designed. Likewise, a user of FPGAs or gate arrays will only use the analysis portion, as the design is already fixed. See also Power gating References Electronic Design Automation For Integrated Circuits Handbook, by Lavagno, Martin, and Scheffer, A survey of the field of electronic design automation. This summary was derived (with permission) from Vol II, Chapter 20, Design and Analysis of Power Supply Networks, by David Blaauw, Sanjay Pant, Rajat Chaudhry, and Rajendran Panda. Digital electronics Electronic design automation