granted those with Latin rights – the most important rights were intermarriage and access to Roman courts – full voting citizenship. Appian reports that he left the city during his tribunate to support African colonisation plans; Plutarch, however, places him in Rome throughout to oppose Marcus Livius Drusus (a political opponent and then-fellow tribune). The Italian citizenship bill, however, was defeated: the ancient sources name two leading opponents: Gaius Fannius and Drusus. Fannius, in a fragment of "his famous speech on the subject", said, Early in 121 BC, Flaccus joined Gaius Gracchus in protesting repeal of a law – to establish a colony at Carthage – by an ally in their tribunate the previous year. When the protests became violent, he and Gaius were summoned to the senate but refused to attend. Lucius Opimius was then empowered by the senate, in the first senatus consultum ultimum, to suppress the protests by force. In response, Flaccus and Gaius armed their followers and seized portions of the Aventine Hill. Refusing to negotiate, Opimius' forces demanded that the leaders surrender themselves to the senate's judgement, and thence attacked; in the ensuing fight, Flaccus and his sons were killed. Legacy Cicero in his dialogue with Brutus, describes Flaccus as "scholarly"; Badian notes in the Oxford Classical Dictionary (2012) that his helps to correct "the hostile picture in Plutarch" that describes him as "violent drunkard initiating Gracchus' rebellion". Flaccus had at least two sons: the elder son – possibly of the same name – and a younger son – possibly named Quintus – were both killed during Lucius Opimius' suppression of the Gracchan uprising. Notes Citations Modern sources \ Ancient sources 121 BC deaths Ancient Roman generals Executed ancient Roman people 2nd-century BC Roman consuls Marcus Populares Year of birth unknown