known as cloistered rule. Emperor Go-Sanjō had wished for Shirakawa's younger half-brother to succeed him to the throne. In 1085, this half-brother died of an illness; and Shirakawa's own son, Taruhito became Crown Prince. On the same day that Taruhito was proclaimed as his heir, Shirakawa abdicated; and Taruhito became Emperor Horikawa. The now-retired Emperor Shirakawa was the first to attempt what became customary cloistered rule. He exercised power, ruling indirectly from the Shirakawa-in ("White River Mansion/Temple"); nevertheless, nominal sesshō and kampaku offices continued to exist for a long time. Kanji 1, in the 5th month (1087): Daijō Tennō Shirakawa retired himself to Uji. |- | Toba | 1107 | 1123 | 1156 | Sutoku | Eiji 1, in the 3rd month (1141): The former emperor Toba accepted the tonsure and became a Buddhist monk at the age of 39 years. Kōji 2, in the 1st month (1143): Cloistered Emperor Toba-in, now known by the title Daijō Hōō, visited his mother. |- | Sutoku | 1123 | 1142 | 1164 | Konoe | Eiji 1, on the 7th day of the 12th month (永治元年; 1141): In the 18th year of Sutoku-tennō'''s reign (崇徳天皇18年), the emperor abdicated; and the succession (senso) was received by a younger brother, the 8th son of former Emperor Toba. Shortly thereafter, Emperor Konoe is said to have acceded to the throne (sokui). At that time, Fujiwara-no Tadamichi became sesshō (imperial regent). The Cloistered Emperor Toba continued to direct all the affairs of government, while the retired Emperor Sutoku had no powers. This conflict resulted in many controversies during Konoe's reign. |- | Go-Shirakawa | 1155 | 1158 | 1192 | Nijō | |- | Nijō | 1158 | 1165 | 1165 | Rokujō | |- | Rokujō | 1165 | 1168 | 1176 | Takakura | |- | Takakura | 1168 | 1180 | 1181 | Antoku | |- | Go-Toba | 1183 | 1198 | 1239 | Tsuchimikado | |- | Tsuchimikado | 1198 | 1210 | 1231 | Juntoku | |- | Juntoku | 1210 | 1221 | 1242 | Chūkyō | |- | Chūkyō | 1221 | 1221 | 1234 | Go-Horikawa | |- | Go-Horikawa | 1221 | 1232 | 1234 | Shijō | |- | Go-Saga | 1242 | 1246 | 1272 | Go-Fukakusa | |- | Go-Fukakusa | 1246 | 1259 | 1304 | Kameyama | |- | Kameyama |