same time Jefferson's friend, American Founding Father John Adams, was the neighbour, at Auteuil, of Anne-Catherine de Ligniville, Madame Helvétius, who hosted the famous Cercle d'Auteuil where the influence of Les Neuf Sœurs was at its highest. In Mémoires pour servir à l'histoire du Jacobinisme (4 vol.,1797–1798) Abbé Barruel attributed membership to key figures of the French Revolution like Jacques Pierre Brissot (Barruel claims Brissot was a member of Neuf Soeurs, although Brissot wrote that he was initiated into a German Lodge but was never active) and Georges Danton. Members Voltaire (1694–1778) — Initiated on April 4, 1778 in Paris; his conductors were Benjamin Franklin and Antoine Court de Gébelin. He died the following month. His membership however was symbolic of the independence of mind Les Neuf Sœurs stood for. Benjamin Franklin (1706–1790) John Paul Jones (1747–1792) Jean-Nicolas Démeunier (1751–1814) Claude-Emmanuel de Pastoret (1755–1840) Antoine Court de Gébelin (1725–1784) Camille Desmoulins (1760–1794) Louis-Marcelin de Fontanes (1757–1821) Nicolas François de Neufchâteau (1750–1828) Jean-Baptiste Greuze (1725–1805) Jean-Antoine Houdon (1741–1828) Nicolas Dalayrac (1753–1809) Bernard de Lacépède (1756–1825) Adrien-Nicolas Piédefer, marquis de La Salle (1735–1818) Carle Vernet (1758–1835) Jean-François Marmontel (1723–1799) Pierre-Louis Ginguené (1748–1815) Jacques Montgolfier (1745–1799) Niccolò Piccinni (1728–1800) Emmanuel Joseph Sieyès (1748–1836) Nicolas Chamfort (1741–1794) Joseph-Ignace Guillotin (1738–1794) Dominique Joseph Garat (1749–1833) Pierre Jean George Cabanis (1757–1808) Jérôme Lalande (1732–1807) Nicolas Bricaire de la Dixmerie (1731?–1791) Jean-Michel Moreau le Jeune (1741–1814) Alexander Sergeyevich Stroganov (1733–1811) Jean Sylvain Bailly (1736–1793) and Marquis de Condorcet (1743–1794) are often listed as members but no documentation exists as proof. Eugenio Martin Izquierdo de Rivera y Lazaún (1776–?) François Lays (1758–1831) Jean Baptiste Moulon de la Chesnaye References Notes Sources Louis Amiable, Une loge maçonnique d'avant 1789, la loge des Neuf Sœurs, comméntaire critique – Charles Porset, (Les Editions Maçonnique de France, Paris 1989) Howard C. Rice, Jr., Thomas Jefferson's Paris (Princeton : Princeton University Press, 1976) Roger C. Hahn, The anatomy of a scientific institution: 1666–1803, the Paris Academy of Sciences (Berkeley : University of California Press, 1971) Roger C. Hahn, "Quelques nouveaux documents sur Jean Silvain Bailly" in Revue d'Histoire des Sciences 8 (Paris,1955) pp. 338–353 Daniel Ligou, ed. Dictionnaire de la franc-maçonnerie (Paris : Presses Universitaires de France, 1987) De La Valette-Mombrun, Maine de Biran (1766–1824) (Paris 1914) J.A.C. Sykes France in 1802 (William Heinemann, London 1906) External links Les Neuf Sœurs (French and English) Picavet:Les Idéologues (French) Les Neuf Sœurs (English) National Archives: