for reducing carbon emissions is to save energy. The challenge is to secure the heat, light and energy we need in homes and businesses in a way that cuts the amount of oil, gas and electricity used and the carbon dioxide emitted. Actions proposed include: Increasing information, e.g. through Home Information Packs Raising basic standards, removing inefficient goods from the market Making best use of the EU Emissions Trading Scheme and Climate Change Levy Making the government estate carbon neutral by 2012 Increasing the focus on energy efficient transport Cleaner Energy Cost-effective ways of using less energy will help move towards the carbon reduction goal. But on their own they will not provide the solution to the challenges faced: there is also a need to make the energy used cleaner. Under this head, the government considered: more distributed energy generation including low-carbon heat more use of community based systems, including CHP a strong commitment to carbon pricing in the UK, through improving the operation of the EU Emissions Trading Scheme a strengthened commitment to the Renewables Obligation proposals for reform of the planning regime for electricity projects a clear statement of our position on new nuclear build support for carbon capture and storage developing alternative fuels for transport The Energy Security Challenge The challenges of reducing carbon emissions and ensuring security of supply are closely linked. Security of supply requires that we have good access to available fuel supplies, the infrastructure in place to transport them to centres of demand and effective markets so that supply meets demand in the most efficient way. Many of the measures already described for tackling carbon emissions also contribute to the healthy diversity of energy sources that is necessary for meeting the energy security challenge. There are two main security of supply challenges for the UK: Managing increased dependence on oil and gas imports, especially in the light of the global distribution of energy reserves and growing international demand; and Ensuring that the market delivers substantial and timely investment in electricity generating capacity and networks so that households and businesses have the electricity they need at affordable prices. The government's response is to continue to open up markets and to work internationally to develop strong relationships with suppliers, developing liberalised markets. So where does nuclear power fit within this debate? Although it is mentioned a lot more in the Review compared to the White