chemical compounds in the urine depend on the season, gender, reproductive status and social rank of the animals. This fact, along with the observation of rub-urination behavior in this animal (at least in the male) indicates that urine probably plays a role in olfactory communication in deer. In carnivorans Canids have several scent glands that are used in olfactory communication. The fossa has several scent glands. Like herpestids it has a perianal skin gland inside an anal sac which surrounds the anus like a pocket. The pocket opens to the exterior with a horizontal slit below the tail. Other glands are located near the penis or vagina, with the penile glands emitting a strong odor. Like the herpestids, it has no prescrotal glands. Anal glands are found in all carnivora including wolves, bears, sea otters and kinkajous. In other animals Apocrine sweat glands, such as in the armpits of humans Sebaceous glands, such as the cranial surface glands of the red-bellied lemur Flank glands, such as in voles or shrews Various glands producing pheromone signals found in nonavian reptiles, including Amphisbaenians, lizards, snakes, and Crocodylians Castor sacs, found in beavers Perineal glands, found in viverrids, guinea pigs, and porcupines Preputial glands, found in many species including mice, pigs, and wolves Supracaudal glands, found in canids See also Deer musk Red fox#Scent glands White-tailed deer#Marking Ozadenes, defensive glands of some arthropods that emit noxious compounds References Glands Mammal anatomy