him every mark of respect. Return to Jerusalem and death In 36 BCE, Herod I, who had vanquished Antigonus with Roman help and feared that Hyrcanus might persuade the Parthians to help him regain the throne, invited the former High Priest to return to Jerusalem. Hyrcanus accepted and Herod received him with every mark of respect, assigning to him the first place at his table and the presidency of the state council. However, in 30 BCE Herod charged Hyrcanus with plotting with the Nabateans and put him to death. Josephus states that Hyrcanus was 80 years old at the time of his death. Biblical scholar Gregory Doudna proposed in 2013 that Hyrcanus II was the figure known as the Teacher of Righteousness in the Qumran Scrolls. According to Doudna, Hyrcanus II’s sectarian orientation is now generally understood to have been Sadducee. See also Hasmonean coinage Hyrcania Siege of Jerusalem (disambiguation), list of sieges for, and battles of, Jerusalem References Bibliography Sources Flavius Josephus, Antiquities of the Jews, book XIV, 5-13. Flavius Josephus, The Jewish War, book I, 8-13. Literature Heinrich Ewald, Geschichte des Volkes Israel, volume IV, p. 524ff. Heinrich Graetz, History of the Jews, volume III, p. 167ff. Hitzig, Geschichte des Volkes Israel, volume II, p. 500ff. Emil Schürer, Geschichte des judischen Volks im Zeitalter Jesu Christi, volume I, p. 338 et seq. 30 BC deaths 1st-century BC Hasmonean monarchs 1st-century BCE High Priests of Israel Year of birth unknown Prisoners and detainees of the Parthian Empire