from the northeast. Later years In late 1876, many of the Hunkpapa bands crossed over the border into Canada, where they struggled to survive for the next several years. Gall came to disagree with Sitting Bull and brought his band back to the United States surrendering at Fort Buford, Dakota Territory on January 3, 1881. On May 26, 1881, he and his followers were loaded onto steamers (along with Crow King, Black Moon, Low Dog and Fools Heart) and shipped downriver to the Standing Rock Indian Reservation. The first complete census of the Lakota at Standing Rock, taken in the fall of 1881 listed Gall with a band of 52 families, totaling 230 people. Becoming a farmer, Gall encouraged his people to assimilate to reservation life. He also converted to Christianity, took the additional name Abraham, and served as a judge on the reservation's Court of Indian Affairs. He became friendly with the Indian Agent, James McLaughlin. The 1885 reservation census listed Gall as responsible for 22 lodges and 114 people. Eventually Gall disagreed with Sitting Bull, who had become involved with the Ghost Dance movement, and who was killed by a tribal policeman in a bungled confrontation in 1890. Death Gall lived on the Standing Rock Agency until his death at his Oak Creek home on December 5, 1894. He is buried in Saint Elizabeth Episcopal Cemetery in Wakpala, South Dakota. In 1991, his remains were exhumed because a Utah state park museum purported to have his skull, but his remains were found intact. Notes References Dickson, Ephriam D. III. The Sitting Bull Surrender Census: The Lakotas at Standing Rock Agency, 1881. Pierre: South Dakota State Historical Society Press, 2010. Grant, Bruce. The Concise Encyclopedia of the American Indian, 3rd ed. New York: Wings Books, 2000. Larson, Robert W. Gall: Lakota War Chief. Norman: University of Oklahoma Press, 2007. Shumate, Jane. Chief Gall Sioux War Chief. Chelsea House Publishers, 1995. Appears In The Second Expansion Of The Game Strategy "Age Of Empires III" With The Civilization Sioux, 2006. 1840s births 1894 deaths Lakota leaders Native American leaders Native American people of the Indian Wars People from North Dakota People from South Dakota People of the Great Sioux War of 1876 Battle of the Little Bighorn Hunkpapa people