all European populations and a large number of Middle-Eastern population today are contained within this branch. A smaller percentage is contained in other N type groups (See above). Below are subclades of R: B – Some Chinese, Tibetans, Mongolians, Central Asians, Koreans, Amerindians, South Siberians, Japanese, Austronesians F – Mainly found in southeastern Asia, especially Vietnam; 8.3% in Hvar Island in Croatia. R0 – Found in Arabia and among Ethiopians and Somalis; branch HV (branch H; branch V) – Europe, Western Asia, North Africa; Pre-JT – Arose in the Levant (modern Lebanon area), found in 25% frequency in Bedouin populations; branch JT (branch J; branch T) – North, Eastern Europe, Indus, Mediterranean U – High frequency in West Eurasia, Indian sub-continent, and Algeria, found from India to the Mediterranean and to the rest of Europe; U5 in particular shows high frequency in Scandinavia and Baltic countries with the highest frequency in the Sami people. Y-chromosome and MtDNA geographic haplogroup assignation Here is a list of Y-chromosome and MtDNA geographic haplogroup assignation proposed by Bekada et al. 2013. Y-chromosome According to SNPS haplogroups which are the age of the first extinction event tend to be around 45–50 kya. Haplogroups of the second extinction event seemed to diverge 32–35 kya according to Mal'ta. The ground zero extinction event appears to be Toba during which haplogroup CDEF* appeared to diverge into C, DE and F. C and F have almost nothing in common while D and E have plenty in common. Extinction event #1 according to current estimates occurred after Toba, although older ancient DNA could push the ground zero extinction event to long before Toba, and push the first extinction event here back to Toba. Haplogroups with extinction event notes by them have a dubious origin and this is because extinction events lead to severe bottlenecks, so all notes by these groups are just guesses. Note that the SNP counting of ancient DNA can be highly variable meaning that even though all these groups diverged around the same time no one knows when. mtDNA See also International HapMap Project Molecular evolution Molecular phylogenetics Human evolutionary genetics Race (biology) / Race (human categorization) Genetic genealogy Genealogical DNA test List of genetic genealogy topics List of haplogroups of notable people References External links General The Genographic Project all DNA haplogroups Y-Chromosome https://web.archive.org/web/20040728005528/http://www.scs.uiuc.edu/~mcdonald/WorldHaplogroupsMaps.pdf Y chromosome DNA haplogroups Y Chromosome Consortium ISOGG Y-DNA Haplogroup Tree PhyloTree's