the Prussian service. In Frankfurt, as in Breslau, the Jewish letter-carrier received no pay, but two kreutzers were collected from the addressee for every ordinary letter, and six kreutzers, for a registered letter. In proportion as international commerce developed and the Jewish interests increased, the income of the letter-carrier became correspondingly larger. The last incumbent of the office had a yearly income of 5,000 gulden, out of which, in very busy times, he had to pay his assistants 150 florins each. Besides, when other posts, such as that of Kassel, became united to that of Thurn and Taxis, he was required to pay Count Thurn and Taxis 400 gulden yearly. He ultimately retired on a pension of 1,600 florins. References Bibliography of Jewish Encyclopedia Kracauer. Die Judenbriefträger in Frankfurt-am-Main in Frankfurter Zeitung, 1890, No. 109 Landsberger, Joseph. Juden im Dienste der Kaiserlichen Post zu Breslau, etc. in Braun's Volkskalender, 1901, p. 43 Kaufmann, David. Die Memoiren der Glückel von Hameln, p. 109 Grunwald, Max. Portugiesengräber auf Deutscher Erde, p. 98 History of the Jews in Europe Postal history