civilians and that they were continuously harassed by the army. A group of Muslims from Narathiwat who fled to Malaysia in March 2007 claimed that they were escaping intimidation and brutality by the military. The group complained that they were beaten and that their sons have been missing or detained since 2005. It also claimed that some youths died after they were poisoned during detention. In late January 2012, an unknown number of insurgents ambushed a thahan pran base before retreating. Rangers chased the insurgents and were fired upon from a pick-up truck. The rangers fired back in self-defence resulting in four dead civilians in the truck with others wounded. The rangers found AK-47 assault rifles, but also claimed that the four dead civilians were not affiliated with insurgents in any way. Soldiers from the 4th army regiment are investigating. This killing has angered many Thai Muslims as the four dead persons were mosque leaders (an imam, a moulana, a khatib, and a bilai). In early February, the Ministry of Interior proposed a 7.5 million baht compensation payment to all victims of the insurgency including those from the Tak Bai Massacre and the Kru Se Mosque Incident. Justice Suicide of Khanakorn Pianchana sparked a public criticism in the justice system in deep south of Thailand, a Thai judge who made a suicide attempt in October 2019 and died in his second attempt in 2020, in order to protest against interference by the senior judge. At the time of his first suicide attempt, he was a senior judge in the Yala Provincial Court in south Thailand. It called for improvement on the justice in Muslim community. Judge Khanakorn told the accused, five Muslims, and their family members that he wanted to acquit them due to lack of evidence, but was being forced from above to convict. Emergency decree The Emergency Decree was extended for the 68th time in 2022, since its first issue in July 2005. Academics, legal experts and rights activists called on the government to lift the law, amid human rights abuses and illegal activities by the government official. References Further reading Abuza, Zachary, Militant Islam in Southeast Asia (2003) Lynne Rienner. David K Wyatt, Thailand: A Short History (Yale University Press, 2003) Pasuk Phongpaichit and Chris Baker, Thaksin: The Business of Politics in Thailand (Silkworm Books, 2004) Nirmal Ghosh, "Mystery group runs insurgency in Thai south," Straits Times,