470th, 471st, 472nd, 473rd and 571st. plus fourteen regiments and various repair facilities and hospitals with total personnel of 100,495. During Vietnam War, Group 559 transported more than one million tons cargo into the front, inside over 500,000 tons delivered into theater B (). In 1975 when the war ended, Group 559 was reorganized into 12th Corps () to rebuild Ho Chi Minh Trail into roads for economics and national defense. Group 579 and Group 959 were created somewhat later, with similar but different missions. Group 579 was charged with infiltrating supplies into South Vietnam by sea, complementing the land based operations of Group 559. It was created in May 1959. (Conboy et al., p. 8) Group 959 was created in September 1959 to move supplies through Laos and to act as a headquarters for PAVN forces supporting the Pathet Lao. Notes Further reading Conboy, Bowra, and McCouaig, The NVA and Vietcong, Osprey Publishing, 1991 — (see p. 8) Morris, Virginia and Hills, Clive, Ho Chi Minh's Blueprint for Revolution: In the Words of Vietnamese Strategists and Operatives, McFarland & Co Inc, 2018. Morris, Virginia and Hills, Clive, A History of the Ho Chi Minh Trail: The Road to Freedom, Orchid Press, 2006. Corps of the People's Army of Vietnam Military units and formations of the Vietnam War 1959 establishments in Vietnam 1975 disestablishments in Vietnam Military units and formations established in 1959 Military units and formations disestablished in 1975