way of per-qubit dedicated control lines and/or frequency separation, or tuning out, of different qubits. Ability to initialize the state of qubits to a simple fiducial state. A fiducial state is one that is easily and consistently replicable and is useful in quantum computing as it may be used to guarantee the initial state of qubits. One simple way to initialize a superconducting qubit is to wait long enough for the qubits to relax to the ground state. Controlling qubit potential with tuning knobs allows faster initialization mechanisms. Long relevant decoherence times. Decoherence of superconducting qubits is affected by multiple factors. Most decoherence is attributed to the quality of the Josephson junction and imperfections in the chip substrate. Due to their mesoscopic scale, superconducting qubits are relatively short lived. Nevertheless, thousands of gate operations have been demonstrated in these many-qubit systems. A “universal” set of quantum gates. Superconducting qubits allow arbitrary rotations in the Bloch sphere with pulsed microwave signals, implementing single qubit gates. and couplings are shown for most implementations and for complementing the universal gate set. This criterium may also be satisfied by coupling two transmons with a coupling capacitor. Qubit-specific measurement ability. In general, single superconducting qubits are utilized for control or for measurement. Interconvertibility of stationary and flying qubits. While stationary qubits are used to store information or perform calculations, flying qubits transmit information macroscopically. Qubits should be capable of converting from being a stationary qubit to being a flying qubit and vice versa. Reliable transmission of flying qubits between specified locations. The final two criterium have been experimentally proven by research performed by ETH with two superconducting qubits connected by a coaxial cable. Challenges One of the primary challenges of superconducting quantum computing is the extremely low temperatures at which superconductors like Bose-Einstein Condensates exist. Other basic challenges in superconducting qubit design are shaping the potential well and choosing particle mass such that energy separation between two specific energy levels is unique, differing from all other interlevel energy separation in the system, since these two levels are used as logical states of the qubit. Superconducting quantum computing must also mitigate quantum noise (disruptions of the system caused by its interaction with an environment) as well as leakage (information being lost to the surrounding environment). One way to reduce leakage is with parity measurements. Many current challenges faced by superconducting quantum computing lie in the field