Old English increasingly defined themselves as Catholic in opposition to the Protestant New English. However the native Irish (both Gaelic and Old English) remained the majority landowners in the country until after the Irish Rebellion of 1641. By the end of the resulting Cromwellian conquest of Ireland in the 1650s, the "New English" Protestants dominated the country, and after the Glorious Revolution of 1688 their descendants went on to form the Protestant Ascendancy. See also History of Ireland (1536–1691) Plantations of Ireland History of Ireland Desmond Rebellions Nine Years' War Miler Magrath References Richard Bagwell, Ireland under the Tudors 3 vols. (London, 1885–1890) John O'Donovan (ed.) Annals of Ireland by the Four Masters (1851). Calendar of State Papers: Carew MSS. 6 vols (London, 1867–1873). Calendar of State Papers: Ireland (London) Nicholas Canny The Elizabethan Conquest of Ireland (Dublin, 1976); Kingdom and Colony (2002). Nicholas Canny, Making Ireland British Steven G. Ellis Tudor Ireland (London, 1985) . Hiram Morgan Tyrone's Rebellion (1995). Standish O'Grady (ed.) "Pacata Hibernia" 2 vols. (London, 1896). James O'Neill The Nine Years War, 1593-1603: O'Neill, Mountjoy and the military revolution (Dublin, 2017) . Cyril Falls Elizabeth's Irish Wars (1950; reprint London, 1996) . Colm Lennon Sixteenth century Ireland 16th-century military history of the Kingdom of England 16th century in Ireland Flight of the Earls Invasions of Ireland Tudor England England–Ireland relations