can help to understand what is normal in the body and be able to detect abnormalities in the body. This can include examining testicles once a month, especially if the person has had previous testicular cancer or a history of testicular cancer. Prognosis The life expectancy of all individuals with hematoceles will depend on the severity and the underlying causes that could have led to hematoceles. Not all hematoceles will result in long term complications. However they can affect the health or function of the testicle that can lead to: Delayed or poor development if at a young age Infertility Th hematocele severity will depend if symptomatic or asymptomatic. Regardless of the condition, there can be increased conditions that can arise that can worsen the hematocele. If surgically removed, the patient may be partially or completely disabled for a number of weeks following surgery, causing such a procedure to be performed only in the most extreme cases. Epidemiology Hematoceles should be cleared quickly to avoid pressure of the atrophy of the parenchyma. Rare complication can results such as infection, suppupation, and scrotal gangrene. Research Directions Hematoceles are rare, making them harder to diagnose and treat. Another case study presents an 18 male that presented with huge painless right sided scrotal mass which was gradually increasing in size and associated with dragging sensation. The case study presents the patient with no history of any trauma or previous surgery, and general physical condition being normal. On examination, right testis was enlarged, hard and non tender with loss of testicular sensation. The pathological diagnosis was consistent with chronic hematocele. Current research is ongoing for proper diagnosis and helping to differentiate among other conditions. Doppler ultrasound in a retrospective study was shown to be helpful for differential diagnosis of patients with acute scrotum. Accuracy of imaging studies is higher for the differential diagnosis of testicular torsion and epididmo-orchitis, which there can still be the possibility of misdiagnosis for hematoceles due to testicular torsion. Further research in this area shows importance for surgical decision making in hematoceles. Scrotal masses are a common presentation in primary care, and a painful scrotum accounts for 1% of emergency department visits. As of 2017, there has only been 35 cases reported so far in the known world literature, few scattered case reports published in medical journals of different languages. References External links Male genital disorders Scrotum