in the movement, but ultimately, this proved impossible as the 1917 federal election loomed and Labor members were forced to choose between the Official Labor and National Labor Senate teams. Scaddan's own position was unclear until, on 6 April 1917, he wrote a letter to McCallum stating that he was "compelled to give first consideration to the dictates of his national conscience as against his party conscience", and as such would stand by Hughes. By June, a Nationalist grouping had developed which was led by Henry Lefroy and incorporated National Labor and the Country Party as coalition partners with the former Liberal Party. Scaddan was appointed as a minister in the new government on 28 June 1917 and had to resign and contest a by-election. A very hostile campaign followed, led by the Westralian Worker newspaper and by McCallum himself, and on 21 July 1917, Scaddan was defeated by John Lutey, who claimed the victory as a triumph of principles over men. This was only the second occasion in Western Australia's parliamentary history—the first having been the defeat of half of the Morgans Ministry in December 1901—that a Minister had failed to retain his seat at a ministerial by-election resulting from his appointment. Lutey served as Chairman of Committees from 1924 until 1930 under Philip Collier's administration, and remained the member for the seat until his death in 1932. At the resulting by-election, Frederick Smith was returned unopposed on 14 July 1932. He served as Minister for Justice and Minister for Railways in the Willcock Ministry from 1936 until 1939. He held the seat until its abolishment at the 1950 election, at which he retired from politics. Members for Brown Hill-Ivanhoe Election results References Bibliography Black, David and John Mandy (eds) (2002). The Western Australian Parliamentary Handbook (Twentieth edition) (revised). Parliament of Western Australia, Parliament House, Perth, Western Australia. Robertson, John R. (1958). The Scaddan government and the conscription crisis, 1911-17 : aspects of Western Australia's political history (thesis). University of Western Australia. Accessed in Special Collections, Reid Library, UWA. Brown Hill-Ivanhoe Electoral district of Brown Hill-Ivanhoe 1911 establishments in Australia 1950 disestablishments in Australia Constituencies established in 1911 Constituencies disestablished in 1950