France. Most were granted or recognised by the Kingdom of France or the Papal States and could only pass through the male line; they therefore became extinct as French dignities on the death of Albert's great-grandfather Prince Louis II in 1949. Thereafter, some of these titles were implicitly re-created as distinctly Monegasque titles. The current prince's complete titles and styles are, in precedent order of rank: Sovereign Prince of Monaco Duke of Valentinois Duke of Estouteville Duke of Mazarin Duke of Mayenne Prince of Château-Porcien Marquis of Baux (Title now used by Hereditary Prince Jacques) Marquis of Chilly-Mazarin Marquis of Guiscard Marquis of Bailli Count of Polignac (French title) Count of Carladès Count of Ferrette, Belfort, Thann and Count of Torigni Count of Longjumeau Count of Clèdes Baron of Calvinet Baron of Buis Baron of La Luthumière Baron of Hambye Baron of Altkirch Baron of Saint-Lô Baron of Massy (Lord) of Issenheim Seigneur of Saint-Rémy Sire of Matignon All palace correspondence features capitalized pronouns when referring to the prince. The tradition of the monarchy of Monaco was that the flag flying from the staff on the tower above his office be hoisted when the prince was present in Monaco. The current prince flies the flag whether he is present or not, preferring to keep his location private. Monaco is officially protected by France, according to terms set forth in the Treaty of Versailles in 1918. See also List of Monégasque consorts List of rulers of Monaco Succession to the Monegasque throne List of heirs to the Monegasque throne References Monegasque titles Politics of Monaco Political organisations based in Monaco