and Kozłowski returned to Lwów, where he reassumed his posts at the University. In 1937 he also briefly got involved in the Obóz Zjednoczenia Narodowego movement, but without much success. After the Polish Defensive War of 1939 and the outbreak of the World War II, Leon Kozłowski remained in Lwów, where he was arrested by the NKVD. He spent almost two years in various Soviet prisons, and finally was sentenced to death for "anti-Soviet behaviour". However, after the Sikorski–Mayski agreement of 1941 he was released and travelled to Buzuluk, where he tried joined up with the Polish Army formed there by general Władysław Anders. Due to his political past, he was refused. He then left the military camp and started his 1000-mile long trip westwards, accompanied by one officer, intending to join the Germans. He crossed the Soviet-German frontline, for which he was sentenced to death by a Polish court. German authorities sent him on to Berlin. Whilst there he took part in talks with the Nazi authorities, which saw him as a possible collaborationist, and an ally in winning the Poles over to the German cause. It is certain however, that in May 1943 he was sent to the site of the Katyn Massacre as one of the experts brought to the site by the German authorities. Though he had expressed doubts of the version of the events as presented by the Reich Ministry for Propaganda under Joseph Goebbels, he became convinced of the Soviet guilt after having seen the mass graves and conversed with the members of the expert commission of the Polish Red Cross under forensic doctor Marian Wodziński The pro-German Polish language daily Goniec Krakowski cited Kozłowski as saying that he had recognized acquaintances among the dead bodies, among them professors from Lwów and ministerial officials from Warsaw. Interned in Berlin (he lived in hotel Alemannia), Leon Kozłowski found work at an ethnographic museum and could pursue scientific research. He was also awarded a considerable monthly pension. He was wounded in one of Allied air raids on the German capital and died of his wounds on 11 May 1944. References 1892 births 1944 deaths People from Jędrzejów County People from Kielce Governorate Polish Socialist Party – Revolutionary Faction politicians Nonpartisan Bloc for Cooperation with the Government politicians Camp of National Unity politicians Prime Ministers of Poland Government ministers of Poland Members of the Sejm of the