and Mahāvairocana of the Shingon School are seen as provisional manifestations of the Original Buddha Shakyamuni. In Jōdo Shinshū or Pure Land Buddhism, Amida Buddha is viewed as the eternal Buddha who manifested as Shakyamuni in India and who is the personification of Nirvana itself. Shingon Buddhism sees Vairochana Buddha as the personification of the dharmakaya, and hence as the eternal Buddha, and some within Shingon, following Kakuban, equate Vairochana and Amida. See also Adi-Buddha Angulimaliya Sutra Lotus Sutra Mahaparinirvana Sutra Srimala Sutra Tathagatagarbha Sutra Tathagatagarbha Trikaya Eternal Christ Notes References Sources Leighton, Taigen Dan (2007). Visions of Awakening Space and Time, Oxford; New York: Oxford University Press Pye, Michael (1978). Skilful Means - A concept in Mahayana Buddhism. London, UK: Gerald Duckworth & Co. Ltd. 2nd edition: Routledge 2003. . Further reading Xing, Guang (2005). Problem of the Buddha´s Short Lifespan, World Hongming Philosophical Quarterly 12, 1-12 Buddhas Buddhist philosophical concepts Nichiren Buddhism