Bosnia; so he replaced the old, presumably Bogumil, Bosnian Bishop, in 1233, with a German member of the Dominican Order Johannes Wildeshausen. Wildeshausen was not welcomed in Bosnia since its population did not want an extremely zealous German for their ecclesiastical leader. The Pope's emissaries to Bosnia become more and more frequent as the situation become more and more tense. It led to Pope Gregory IX calling for a Crusade on Bosnia on 17 October 1234. This proclamation was given in Rome the same significance of the Crusades for the Holy Land. On 9 August 1235, the Pope also confirmed King Andrew's proclamation of Croatia's Herzog Coloman as the legitimate Ban of Bosnia. Edicts to Dubrovnik Some time between 1232 and 1235, Matej issued an edict to the Republic of Ragusa, guaranteeing the old privileges given to Ragusa by Ban Kulin long ago. In it, Ninoslav mentions Serbs (Srblji) and Vlachs (Vlasi). It dealt with commercial privileges and states that for deceit by a Vlach of a Serb, a Bosnian court was to be conveyed. But for deceit of a Serb over a Vlach, a court was to be convened in Ragusa (Dubrovnik). Ninoslav reissued the edict to Ragusa on 22 March 1240, but expanded it to include a protectorate guaranteeing the independence of Ragusa in case of an attack by Rascian King Stefan Vladislav. The latter was reissued in March 1249 during the reign of King Stefan Uroš I. Late rule and the Crusades The Hungarians amassed an immense Crusader Force. The Bosnians didn't want to give up their religion for another, under Hungarian sword, so they organized resistance. Soon the Crusaders, led by Croatia's Herzog Coloman, stormed Bosnia. As Ban Matej didn't have the strength to oppose, he retreated to the impassable mountains and primeval forests. The war lasted for almost five years and was exhausting for both sides as can be seen in the fact that Bishop Wildeshausen begged the Pope to relief him from his duty. Ninoslav put up a staunch defense. Prince Sibislav of Usora joined the fight against Ninoslav soon. Many of the Bosnian noblemen under Sibislav crossed to the Hungarian side, while others were simply too afraid to act. On 26 April 1238, it seemed that Coloman had destroyed the heretic strength in Bosnia, reporting to the pope that Bosnia had been cleansed. On 23 December 1238, Coloman continued to amass victories against