the tramway company". Toki Pona The longest word in Toki Pona is (15 letters), which was proposed in 2009 as an April Fools' joke by the language's creator Sonja Lang as a word for any animal of the Procyonidae family, which includes raccoons and related species. The word has since entered into common use, and it has become common to define more broadly as any animal from the Musteloidea superfamily. In 2019 James Flear designed a glyph for in Toki Pona's writing system, which has become a popular icon within the Toki Pona community. As a minimalistic isolating constructed language, most words in Toki Pona are much shorter, the median being 4 letters. The longest words featured in the 2014 book Toki Pona: The Language of Good, Lang's first official Toki Pona publication, are the 7-letter words ("to use, by means of") and ("symbol, picture"). The list of proposed country names in the same book also mentions ("Papua New Guinea"), which includes a 14-letter proper adjective. Vietnamese Vietnamese is an isolating language, which naturally limits the length of a morpheme. The longest, at seven letters, is , which means "inclined" or "to lean". This is the longest word that can be written without a space. However, not all words in Vietnamese are single morphemes. Indeed, can be reduplicated as . The written language abounds with compound words in which each constituent word is delimited by spaces, just like any freestanding word. Moreover, the grammar lacks inflection to mark parts of speech, and prepositions are often optional. Therefore, the boundary between a word and a phrase is poorly defined. Examples of this ambiguity include: ("racism"), which is composed of the words ("ideology"), ("discriminate"), and ("race") , which literally describes a dish of grilled chicken sauteed with lemongrass and peppers on rice , a polite pronoun composed of five kinship terms Unlike locally coined compound words, compound words in Sino-Vietnamese vocabulary are less ambiguous, because of the use of premodifiers (as in English) as opposed to the native postmodifiers. Long Sino-Vietnamese words include ("encyclopedia") and ("hydrodynamics"). Loanwords and pronunciation respellings from other languages can also result in long words. For example, "consortium" is (12 letters), and "Indonesia" may be left as-is or spelled (13 counting hyphens). The Encyclopedic Dictionary of Vietnam systematically respells foreign names, introducing long names into an official Vietnamese lexicon: ("Komissarzhevskaya", 15 letters) ("Rozhdestvensky", 15 letters) ("Metropolitan Opera", 18