Uí Mhaine, often Anglicised as Hy Many, was one of the oldest and largest kingdoms located in Connacht, Ireland. Its territory of approximately encompassed all of what is now north, east and south County Galway, south and central County Roscommon, an area near County Clare, and at one stage had apparently subjugated land on the east bank of the Shannon, together with the parish of Lusmagh in Offaly. There were two different Uí Mhaine, the Uí Mhaine of Tethbae and the Uí Mhaine of Connacht; these tribes were separated by the Shannon River. The people of the kingdom were descendants of Maine Mór, who won the territory by warfare. Its sub-kingdoms, also known as lordships, included – among others – Soghan, Corco Mogha, Delbhna Nuadat, Síol Anmchadha, and Máenmaige. These kingdoms were made up of offshoots of the Uí Mháine dynasty, or subject peoples of different backgrounds. The Uí Mhaine are among the ancient Irish dynasties still represented today among the recognised Irish nobility and Chiefs of the Name, by the O'Kelly of Gallagh and Tycooly, Prince of Uí Mhaine and Count of the Holy Roman Empire. The Fox (O'Kearney) may represent the eastern Uí Mhaine of Tethbae. Early times Maine Mór is said to have established the kingdom around 357 AD, and ruled for fifty years. Before his arrival, the area had been occupied by the Fir Bolg, ruled by King Cian d'Fhearaibh Bolg. Early leaders (in order) Main families Descendant clans of the dynasty include the Ó Ceallaigh, Ó Draighnáin, Ó Madadháin, Ó Neachtain, Ó Cnaimhín, Ó Domhnalláin, Ó Maolalaidh, Ó Fallamháin, Ó Cionnaith, Ó Géibheannaigh Ó Bhreasail Customs An early 15th-century text Nosa Ua Maine, states that they were given rewards and treasures such as: A portion of all "strongholds and seaport towns in the province" A portion of all prizes and wrecks of the sea This included any wines or goods that had been washed to shore from shipwrecks, etc. It also included whales and fish which came to be known as "royal fish" and were given to only the kings and queens Hidden treasures found underground, all silver and gold mines and other metals They were given a third of any revenues received by the king of Connacht of any other provinces where wrong had been done The revenue (or ) of killing a person was considered very large and in one document recorded was