to the "uh" speech disfluency or discourse marker seen in ordinary conversation but with a more constant tone and duration. Sign sponsorships Chu has been sponsored by the likes of Laughing Squid, Harputs adidas/Y3, Learn iT!, DoctorBase, a Quiznos Sub restaurant, Rasputin Music, Chris Daly's 2006 San Francisco Supervisor campaign, Phil Angelides' 2006 California gubernatorial campaign, and Expensify — typically through ad-space purchased on the back of his signs. As of May, 2005, his going rate was $100 (U.S.) per week. Sign texts Chu uses colored all caps text for his signs. His signs change from day to day, and tend to go through syntactically similar phases, with the phrase "12 Galaxies" being his trademark and a constant presence in the signs. In June 2007, Chu broke from this tradition and started replacing this with "85 Galaxies", "130 Galaxies", and "800 Galaxies". At the 2007 Castro Halloween Party, Chu's sign claimed "7,645,000 Galaxies", at MacWorld 2008 he was up to 75,850,000, at the Iraq War protest on March 19, 2008 he was up to 8,685,000,000, and 785,249,000,000,000 by June 21, 2008. In his current signs, Chu has replaced "galaxies" with "populations" and lists figures which surpass any normal accounting; he had reached "DESKROTHULLIONS OF POPULATIONS" by 2011, for example, and "VITGROROLLIONS OF POPULATIONS" by 2012. The earliest of the photos of Chu's signs show his "classic" phase, in which the signs typically read "IMPEACH [figure] 12 Galaxies Guiltied to a [modifier] Rocket Society", where [figure] was typically a living or dead former U.S. president, and [modifier] was something along the lines of "Zegnatronic", "Omegalogical", etc. The very earliest examples are handwritten, for instance: Later versions: At some point prior to May 17th, 2022, Frank Chu began to include Donald Trump among the former presidents mentioned in his grievances and combines "galaxies" and "populations" in the same sign. In addition to the customary all caps colored block lettering, Frank Chu has also taken to augmenting his signs with handwritten updates. Exhibitions Frank Chu has exhibited his serial protest signs in exhibitions, including "Frank Chu" at the Planetarium, Vilnius (2014); "Portable Holes", which took place in the San Francisco Pavilion during the 9th Shanghai Biennale, Shanghai, China (2012); "Sõida tasa üle silla (Ride gently over the bridge)" at Galerii Noorus during the ART IST KUKU NU UT Festival in Tartu, Estonia (2012); and "Psymulation: Reenactments of the Present" at Photo Epicenter in