Angelica sinensis, commonly known as dong quai () or female ginseng, is an herb belonging to the family Apiaceae, indigenous to China. Angelica sinensis grows in cool high altitude mountains in East Asia. The yellowish brown root of the plant is harvested in the fall and is a well-known Chinese medicine which has been used for thousands of years. Pharmacology Growing environment Angelica is hardy to and can be cultivated at elevations of . Seedlings need to be kept out of direct sunlight, but the mature plant can withstand it. Angelica requires deep moist fertile soil and is perennial if prevented from going to seed. Traditional Chinese medicine The dried root of A. sinensis commonly known as Chinese angelica () is widely used in traditional Chinese medicine, although there is insufficient evidence that it has any medicinal effect. Adverse effects There is evidence that A. sinensis may affect the muscles of the uterus. Women who are pregnant or planning on becoming pregnant should not use A. sinensis, because it may induce a miscarriage. Taking A. sinensis can cause skin to become extra sensitive to the sun, leading to a greater risk for skin cancer. Drug interactions A. sinensis may increase the anticoagulant effects of the drug warfarin (as it contains coumarins) and consequently increase the risk of bleeding. Due to the antiplatelet and anticoagulant effects of A. sinensis, it should be taken with caution with herbs or supplements (such as ginkgo, garlic, and ginger) that may slow blood clotting to reduce the possible risk of bleeding and bruising. Chemistry The plant's chemical constituents include phytosterols, polysaccharides, ligustilide, butylphthalide, cnidilide, isoenidilide, p-cymene, ferulate, and flavonoids. See also Angelica Chinese herbology Scutellaria baicalensis (Baikal skullcap) Eleutherococcus senticosus or Siberian ginseng References External links Angelica sinensis List of Chemicals (Dr. Duke's Databases) Ontario Ministry of Agriculture and Food Angelica Sinensis (Oliv.) Diels. Medicinal Plant Images Database (School of Chinese Medicine, Hong Kong Baptist University) 當歸, Dang Gui, Chinese Angelica Chinese Medicine Specimen Database (School of Chinese Medicine, Hong Kong Baptist University) sinensis Flora of Eastern Asia Dietary supplements Plants used in traditional Chinese medicine Taxa named by Daniel Oliver Taxa named by Ludwig Diels