Americans had yet to be granted equal rights as US citizens. It created the Philippine Assembly, appointed two Filipino delegates to the American Congress, extended the US Bill of Rights to Filipinos, and laid the foundation for an autonomous government. The colony was on its way to independence. Full autonomy would not be granted until 4 July 1946 by the Treaty of Manila. Indonesian nationalism The poem was translated into Indonesian by Rosihan Anwar and was recited by Indonesian soldiers before going into battle during their struggle for independence. Anwar recalled the circumstances of the translation: He read "Mi último adiós" over radio in Jakarta on Saturday, 30 December 1944–the 48th anniversary of Rizal's death. That same day, the paper Asia Raja devoted almost half of its back page to a feature and poem on Rizal written by Anwar, accompanied by Anwar's translation. Poem Translations "Mi último adiós" is interpreted into 46 Philippine languages, including Filipino Sign Language, and as of 2005 at least 35 English translations known and published (in print). The most popular English iteration is the 1911 translation of Charles Derbyshire and is inscribed on bronze. Also on bronze at the Rizal Park in Manila, but less known, is the 1944 one of novelist Nick Joaquin. The latest translation is in Czech by former Czech ambassador to the Republic of the Philippines, Jaroslav Ludva, and addressed at the session of the Senát. In 1927, Luis G. Dato translated the poem, from Spanish to English, in rhymes. Dato called it "Mí último pensamiento". Dato was the first Filipino to translate the poem. See also Death poem "Sa Aking Mga Kabata" References Sung by various Artists of Spanish language as a Tribute (more information needed!) Original Ultimo Adios Manuscript Modern English translation by Edwin Agustín Lozada, May 2001 Resources Full Text in Spanish (Mi último adiós) Full Text in Tagalog (Huling paalam) Full Text in English (My last farewell) Spanish to English Comparison by Luis G. Dato 1896 poems Farewell addresses Filipino poems Philippine Revolution Spanish-language poems Works by José Rizal