The first is from the Gaelic Annals of the Four Masters: The second is from the View of the Present State of Ireland, written by English poet Edmund Spenser, who fought in the campaign, approved the scorched earth method, and suggested it as a useful method of enforcing English ways: The wars of the 1570s and 1580s marked a watershed in Ireland. The southern Geraldine axis of power was annihilated, and Munster was "planted" with English colonists given land confiscated from those who fought for their country. After a survey begun in 1584 by Sir Valentine Browne, Surveyor General of Ireland, the thousands of English soldiers and administrators who had been imported to suppress the rebellion were given land in the Munster Plantation of Desmond's confiscated estates. The Elizabethan conquest of Ireland followed the subsequent Nine Years War in Ulster and the extension of plantation policy to other parts of the country. See also List of Irish rebellions Tudor conquest of Ireland Early Modern Ireland 1536-1691 Notes References Colm Lennon, Sixteenth Century Ireland – The Incomplete Conquest, Dublin 1994. Edward O'Mahony, Baltimore, the O'Driscolls, and the end of Gaelic civilisation, 1538–1615, Mizen Journal, no. 8 (2000): 110–127. Nicholas Canny, The Elizabethan Conquest of Ireland, Harvester Press Ltd, Sussex 1976. Nicholas Canny, Making Ireland British 1580–1650, Oxford University Press, Oxford 2001. 16th century in Ireland 16th-century military history of the Kingdom of England 16th-century rebellions Rebellions in Ireland Tudor rebellions Wars involving Ireland FitzGerald dynasty Catholic rebellions