through the worst times until Charles Molyneux, 8th Viscount Molyneux, was rewarded for converting to the Protestant faith. The relatively youthful second and third Viscounts fought on the Royalist side both politically and militarily. Although Liverpool Castle had been partly dismantled in 1660-1678, Caryll Molyneux, the 3rd Viscount, had used it for storing arms. During the reign of King James II, he was outlawed by Parliament for supporting the deposed king from 1688 to 1689. Control of the Castle finally passed out of Molyneux's hands after Caryll had again been suspected of participation in a Jacobite plot. William, the 7th Viscount, was a Jesuit, and there were in his time not less than seven Molyneux in the Society of Jesus. The loss of Liverpool Castle led to a protracted legal case over its ownership and ultimately its demolition. On 5 March 1704 the city's burgesses obtained a lease for the castle and its site from The Crown for fifty years. But William Molyneux, 4th Viscount Molyneux, disputed this as he still claimed to be the castle's hereditary constables. This delayed the settlement of the lease until 1726, when the final ruins of the castle were demolished. Over the centuries, several deviations of the name Molyneaux have emerged. As the English language changed and incorporated elements of other European languages such as Norman French and Latin, even literate people regularly changed the spelling of their names. Scribes and monks in the Middle Ages spelt names as they sounded, so it is common to find several variations that refer to a single person. The variations of the name include Molyneaux, Molinex, Mullinix, Mullenneix, Mullineaux, Molinieux, Molinaux, Molineaux, Mollineaux, Molineux, and several others. Later, many variations were due to misspellings in American or other country's immigration services. Although Anglo-Norman surnames like Molyneaux are characterized by many spelling variations, the form Molyneux has prevailed with the modern trend towards standardisation. Molyneux Baronets, of Sefton (1611) Sir Richard Molyneux, 1st Baronet (1560–1622) Member of Parliament for Lancashire Sir Richard Molyneux, 2nd Baronet (1594–1636) (created Viscount Molyneux in 1628) Viscounts Molyneux (1628) Richard Molyneux, 1st Viscount Molyneux (1594–1636) Richard Molyneux, 2nd Viscount Molyneux (1620?–1654) Caryll Molyneux, 3rd Viscount Molyneux (1622–1699) William Molyneux, 4th Viscount Molyneux (1655–1717) Richard Molyneux, 5th Viscount Molyneux (1679–1738) Caryll Molyneux, 6th Viscount Molyneux (1683–1745) William Molyneux, 7th Viscount Molyneux (1685–1759) Charles William Molyneux, 8th Viscount Molyneux (1748–1794) (created Earl of Sefton on