pilgrimages by activists calling for an official apology from the U.S. government for the injustices to Japanese Americans, both citizens and non-citizens. The pilgrimages (every even year, around the 4th of July), serving educational purposes, continue to this day. This Redress Movement gradually gained widespread support and Congress passed the Civil Liberties Act of 1988, which was signed into law by President Ronald Reagan. It included an official governmental apology for the injustices and payment of compensation to camp survivors. A similar law was passed in 1992 to provide for compensation to additional Japanese Americans. Groups making the annual pilgrimage have organized them around specific themes, and used them as a basis for education, as in the following: Recent themes 2000 – 'Honoring our Living Treasures, Forging New Links' (7/1-4) 2002 – 'As We Revisit the Meaning of Patriotism and Loyalty' (7/4-7) 2004 – 'Citizens Betrayed' (7/2-5) 2006 – 'Dignity and Survival in a Divided Community' 2009 – 'Shared Remembrances' (7/2-5) 2010 – 'Untold Stories of Tule Lake' (7/2-5) 2012 – 'Understanding No-No and Renunciation' (6/30-7/3) Federal grant program On December 21, 2006, U.S. President George W. Bush signed H.R. 1492 into law, creating the Japanese American Confinement Sites grant program. This authorized the appropriation of $38,000,000 in federal grant money to preserve and interpret the system of Japanese-American incarceration sites, including the temporary WCCA sites, the ten WRA concentration camps and the Department of Justice internment camps. Monument management The Monument is jointly managed by the National Park Service (NPS) and the U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service (USFWS) with a total area of . The national monument consists of three separate units: the Tule Lake Segregation Center near Newell, nearby Camp Tulelake, and a rock formation known as the Peninsula/Castle Rock near Newell. The Tule Lake Segregation Center is solely managed by the NPS. Camp Tulelake is jointly managed by the NPS and USFWS; the USFWS manages/owns the land, and the NPS maintains the buildings and provides interpretive programs. The Peninsula/Castle Rock is solely managed by the USFWS. Locally, USFWS responsibilities are handled by the administration of Lava Beds National Monument and the Tule Lake National Wildlife Refuge. Notable inmates Violet Kazue de Cristoforo (1917–2007), poet. Also interned at Jerome. Mitsuye Endo (1920–2006), plaintiff of the Ex parte Endo Supreme Court case that led to Japanese Americans being allowed to return to the West Coast and to the closing