Dutch colonial period, particularly in pecinan ('Chinese quarter'). Traditional shophouses are now replaced by modern ones, called ruko (rumah toko). See also Ancestral houses of the Philippines Architecture of Portugal Architecture of Singapore Bahay na Bato Bruges merchant houses Chinese architecture Lingnan culture Malay houses Medieval Merchant's House in Southampton Nipa hut Rumah adat Sino-Portuguese architecture Terraced house Tong Lau, in Hong Kong and southern China References Further reading Chang, TC & Teo, P, "The shophouse hotel: vernacular heritage in a creative city", Urban Studies 46(2), 2009, 341–367. Chua Beng Huat (Chua, B.H.), "The Golden Shoe: Building Singapore's Financial District". Singapore: Urban Redevelopment Authority, 1989. Davis, Howard, Living Over the Store: Architecture and Local Urban Life, Routledge, 2012. Goh, Robbie & Yeoh, Brenda, International Conference on the City, Theorizing The Southeast Asian City As Text: Urban Landscapes, Cultural Documents, And Interpretative Experiences, World Scientific Pub Co Inc., 2003. Retrieved 2012-3-30. Web article with photographs. Lee Ho Yin, "The Singapore Shophouse: An Anglo-Chinese Urban Vernacular", in Asia's Old Dwellings: Tradition, Resilience, and Change, ed. Ronald G. Knapp (New York: Oxford University Press), 2003, 115-134. Lee Kip Lim. "The Singapore House, 1849-1942". Singapore: Times, 1988. Ongsavangchai Nawit & Funo Shuji, "Spatial Formation And Transformation of Shophouse in the Old Chinese Quarter of Pattani, Thailand", Journal of Architecture and Planning, Transactions of AIJ, V.598, pp. 1–9, 2005. ISSN 1340-4210 Ongsavangchai Nawit, "Formation and Transformation of Shophouses in Khlong Suan Market Town", Proceedings, Architectural Institute of Korea, 2006. Phuong, D. Q. & Groves, D., "Sense of Place in Hanoi's Shop-House: The Influences of Local Belief on Interior Architecture", Journal of Interior Design, 36: 1–20, 2010. doi: 10.1111/j.1939-1668.2010.01045.x Yeoh, Brenda, Contesting Space: Power Relationships and the Urban Built Environment in Colonial Singapore (South-East Asian Social Science Monographs), Oxford University Press, USA, 1996. ; Singapore University Press, 2003. External links Vernacular architecture Commercial buildings Buildings and structures in Asia Architectural design Urban studies and planning terminology House types