Considered responsible for the loss, Navarre was replaced 3 June 1954 by General Paul Ély. He remained in the Army, retiring in 1956. In the same year he published Agonie de l'Indochine, a work which blamed the Indochina defeat on the nature of the French political system, intellectuals, politicians, journalists, and Communists. The book warned of the possible necessity for an army coup to replace the French Fourth Republic. He died in Paris in 1983. Decorations Commander of the Légion d’honneur Croix de guerre 1914–1918 Croix de guerre 1939–1945 Médaille de la Résistance with rosette Distinguished Service Cross (US) He received 1500 citations during his career. Bibliography Encyclopedia of the Vietnam War, ed. Spencer Tucker, s.v. "Navarre, Henri Eugene." Jacques Dalloz, Dictionnaire de la guerre d'Indochine, Armand Colin, 2006, p. 282 and 78-2200269258 René Bail and Raymond Muelle, Guerre d'Indochine, Trésor du patrimoine, 2004 and 978-2912511270 Major Harry D. Bloomer, USA, AN ANALYSIS OF THE FRENCH DEFEAT AT DIEN BIEN PHU, CSC 1991. <http://www.globalsecurity.org/military/library/report/1991/BHD.htm>. References 1898 births 1983 deaths People from Villefranche-de-Rouergue French military personnel of World War I French military personnel of World War II French military personnel of the First Indochina War Recipients of the Distinguished Service Cross (United States) Commandeurs of the Légion d'honneur Recipients of the Croix de Guerre 1914–1918 (France) Recipients of the Croix de Guerre 1939–1945 (France) Recipients of the Resistance Medal French generals École Spéciale Militaire de Saint-Cyr alumni