is unclear. Jewish travelers of the 12th century continue to refer to them in passing. Khazar Jews are known to have lived in Kiev and even to have emigrated to Spain, the Byzantine Empire and Iraq. According to some sources the majority may have gone to Hungary, Poland and the Crimea, mingling with Jews in those areas and with later waves of Jewish immigrants from the west. Sources Artamonov, Mikhail. Istoriya Khazar. Leningrad, 1962. Brook, K.A. The Jews of Khazaria. 2nd ed. Rowman & Littlefield Publishers, Inc, 2006. Christian, David. A History of Russia, Mongolia and Central Asia. Blackwell, 1999. Golden, Peter Benjamin. Introduction to the History of the Turkic Peoples. Wiesbaden: Harrasowitz, 1992. Golden, Peter Benjamin. Nomads and Sedentary Societies in Medieval Eurasia. Washington, D.C.: American Historical Society, 1998. Klyashtorny, S.G. and T.I. Sultanov. Kazakhstan. Alma-Ata, 1992. Mango, C. & R. Scott (trans.), The Chronicle of Theophanes Confessor, Oxford University Press, 1997. Khazar Khazars