R&D center and manufacturing plant in Shenzhen (the headquarters of BYD Co Ltd), a manufacturing plant in Changsha, a manufacturing plant in Shaoguan, and an R&D center and parts plant in Shanghai. Construction of a third manufacturing plant in Xi'an resumed in 2011, following the company being fined for illegal land use. Manufacturing plants for buses opened in Dalian, Liaoning province, in late 2014 and Lancaster, California, in May 2013. A factory was inaugurated in Brazil in 2015 for the production of electric buses. A bus plant was opened in 2019 in Newmarket, Ontario, to handle orders in Canada. BYD has an electric bus assembly facility in Europe in Komarom, Hungary. BYD Auto is the EV producer with the world's highest degree of vertical integration. Joint ventures Denza In May 2010, the Shenzhen BYD Daimler New Technology Co., Ltd., trading as "Denza" was established with Daimler AG to produce luxury electric vehicles. The Denza 500 model is based on the previous generation Mercedes-Benz B-Class. Toyota joint venture BYD and Toyota announced a partnership to jointly develop BEVs in July 2019. On April 2020, the partnership was formalized as a joint venture. The partnership was reportedly instigated after Toyota executives were impressed by the value, design, and quality of the BYD Tang hybrid. The joint venture is called BYD Toyota EV Technology Co., Ltd., with head offices in Shenzhen, China. Yangwang Alexander Dennis BYD have supplied electric bus chassies to Alexander Dennis who have built their Enviro200EV single-deck and Enviro400EV double-deck products on them. Sales In 2010, BYD sold a total of 519,800 vehicles, representing 2.9% of the market in China and the sixth largest manufacturer. In 2011, the BYD sales rank was outside the top ten. In 2012, the company became the 9th largest car manufacturer in China, producing over 600,000 vehicles. The majority of vehicles are sold within China; however export markets include Bahrain, the Dominican Republic, Ukraine, and Moldova. The North American headquarters opened in Los Angeles in 2011. As of 2013 BYD Auto sells the e6 and Electric Bus in the United States as fleet vehicles only. BYD has supplied the Los Angeles Metro system with buses since 2015. A 2018 investigation by the Los Angeles Times found reliability issues with the BYD buses. Lawsuits and controversies See also List of automobile manufacturers of China Luxgen References External links Car manufacturers of China Electric vehicle manufacturers of