from 1862. Subject and style Jongkind's most frequent subject was the marine landscape, which he painted both in the Netherlands and in France. Many of his works depict the Seine, particularly the area near Notre-Dame Cathedral. He painted watercolors out-of-doors, and used them as sketches for oil paintings made in his studio. His paintings are characterized by vigorous brushwork and strong contrasts. Like the 17th-century Dutch landscape painters of the Golden Age of Dutch painting, he typically composed his landscapes with a low horizon, allowing the sky to dominate. Selected paintings Jongkind's paintings, prints, and sketches are exhibited in museums worldwide including Museum Rotterdam, Rijksmuseum Twenthe, Petit Palais in Paris, Metropolitan Museum of Art in New York City, Museum of Fine Arts, Houston, Art Institute of Chicago, National Gallery in London, National Museum, Kraków, and . Bibliographies Ankelle, Daniel (2011): Johan Jonkind: 75 Impressionist Paintings - Impressionisme, Angelke Publishing LLC, ASIN: B005VU2H1Y. Auffret, François (2003): Jongkind 1819-1891 - Biographie Illustrée, Maisonneuve et Larose, Paris, . Czymmek, Götz, Jaques Foucart John Sillevis u. a. (2004): Johan Barthold Jongkind: Ein Wegbereiter des Impressionismus, Ausstellungskatalog Richartz Wallraf Museum, Köln, . Hefting, Victorine (1975). Jongkind—sa vie, son œuvre, son époque. Paris: Arts et métiers graphiques. Patin, Sylvie (2014): Jongkind - une Fascination pour La Lumière, Édition des Falaises, Rouen, . Sillevis, John (2003): Jongkind Paintings, Bibliothèque De L'image, Paris, . Stein, Adolphe. Jongkind—catalogue critique de l'oeuvre. (2003 volume 1) Paris: Brame & Lorenceau. . Notes References Boorsch, Suzanne, and John Marciari (2006). Master Drawings from the Yale University Art Gallery. Yale University Press. Hefting, Victorine. "Johan Barthold Jongkind", Oxford Art Online University of California, Riverside, Los Angeles County Museum, & University of California, Riverside. (1974). The Impressionists and the Salon (1874-1886) honoring the centennial of the first impressionist exhibition: California collections. Riverside, Calif. External links Association of the Friends of Jongkind (Société des amis de Jongkind) Biography of Johann Jongkind (includes a selection of his paintings) In the Steps of Jongkind in the Dauphiné (Dans les pas de Jongkind en Dauphiné) Biography notes and dates of Jongkind, in the Dutch R.K.D. Archive, The Hague Many free images of paintings, drawings and prints of Jongkind, in the Rijksmuseum, Amsterdam Jongkind's painting art in Musee d'Orsay, Paris 1819 births 1891 deaths 19th-century Dutch painters 19th-century printmakers Dutch expatriates in France Dutch Impressionist painters Dutch male painters Dutch marine artists Dutch printmakers People from Lattrop 19th-century Dutch