yet again foils any certain comparison, analyses have ranged from imitations of 12th- or 13th-century court mechanisms to no actual comparison, with acknowledgement that the author was indeed acquainted with judicial proceedings. In 1994, Monica Potkay also proposed that the legal system on which the poem is based is that of natural rather than English "common" law, a legal framework predicated on God's power over the Earth and its inhabitants. In short, there remains no consensus regarding the ultimate analysis of this enigmatic work. Without a definite provenance and authorship, the possibility of a positive identification of the symbolism within the text is limited. Editions and translations Facsimile edition Also available here. Also available here, here, here and here References Further reading Huganir, Kathryn (1931). The Owl and the Nightingale: Sources, Date, Author. Philadelphia, University of Pennsylvania Press. External links London, British Library, Cotton MS Caligula A IX: digitized manuscript Oxford, Jesus College, MS. 29: digitized manuscript Online text Stanley 1972 text with gloss* Middle English poems Cotton Library Poems about nightingales Works of unknown authorship Owls in culture