borrower. Riba defined in this way is called in fiqh riba al-duyun (debt usury). (Abdel-Rahman Yousri Ahmad) Non-equality in an exchange. Besides increase in repaying a loan, this can be different results from the exchange of nonequivalent quantities (riba al-fadl) or from the presence of a risk in which the other contractual party does not share. (Olivier Roy) All forms of interest, "any excess on the principal sum of loan", i.e. any and all interest, irrespective of how much is lent, whether the borrower is rich or poor, using the loan for productive investment or consumption. (Some translations of verses of the Quran substitute the word "interest" for riba or "usury".) (The "orthodox" or "conservative" view of classical jurists, as well as revivalists such as Abul A'la Maududi — as described by Encyclopedia of Islam and the Muslim World and other sources.) At least a few sources (John Esposito, Cyril Glasse, Ludwig W. Adamec) emphasize a dichotomy in what riba means or prohibits — classical scholars interpreting its meaning broadly and strictly, and others using a narrower, more easily evaded definition in practice, or at least in modern practice: Interest. Historically Islamic legal scholars have interpreted the Quran as "prohibiting any loan contract that specifies a fixed return to the lender" on the grounds that it provides "unearned profit to the lender" and imposes "an unfair obligation on the borrower." In the modern era Islamists and revivalists" preach that all interest is socially unjust and should be banned;(John Esposito) The above definition has been observed in few Muslim-majority countries, which instead define riba as excessive interest, compound interest (John Esposito), or exclude from the category of riba interest-like charges with euphemisms such as `commission` (Cyril Glasse), and/or charges using legal subterfuges (known as ḥiyal) where (for example), a money lender buys something and later sell it back for a greater amount (Ludwig Adamec). An orthodox/revivalist Muhammad Taqi Usmani gives definitions for riba al-Quran a contract of loan or debt for any additional amount over the principal. ... and for the three varieties of riba-al-sunnah: An exchange of money "of the same denomination where the quantity" exchanged is not equal, whether it is in a spot transaction or with deferred payment. "A barter exchange between two weighable or measurable commodities of the same kind, where either the quantity" exchanged is not equal, or delivery of one side is deferred. (riba al-fadl)