Christopher Kasparek (born 1945) is a Scottish-born writer of Polish descent who has translated works by numerous authors, including Ignacy Krasicki, Bolesław Prus, Florian Znaniecki, Władysław Tatarkiewicz, Marian Rejewski, and Władysław Kozaczuk, as well as the Polish–Lithuanian Constitution of 3 May 1791. He has published papers on the history of the World War II era; Enigma decryption; Bolesław Prus and his novel Pharaoh; the theory and practice of translation; logology (science of science); multiple independent discovery; psychiatric nosology; and electronic health records. Life Born in Edinburgh, Scotland, to Józef and Stanisława (Sylvia) Kasparek, World War II Polish Armed Forces (both of them, Army and Air Force) veterans, Kasparek lived several years in London, England, before sailing with his family in December 1951 in the Queen Elizabeth to the United States. In 1966 he graduated with a Bachelor of Arts degree, magna cum laude, Phi Beta Kappa, and with a University of California Citation for Outstanding Undergraduate Achievement, from the University of California, Berkeley, where he had studied Polish literature with the future (1980) Nobel laureate Czesław Miłosz. In 1978 Kasparek received a medical degree from Warsaw Medical School, in Poland. For 33 years, 1983–2016, he practiced psychiatry in California. Writer Kasparek has translated works by historian of philosophy Władysław Tatarkiewicz ("The Concept of Poetry," 1975; On Perfection, 1979; A History of Six Ideas: an Essay in Aesthetics, 1980); military historian Władysław Kozaczuk (Enigma: How the German Machine Cipher Was Broken, and How It Was Read by the Allies in World War Two, 1984); short-story writer, novelist, and philosopher Bolesław Prus (On Discoveries and Inventions; several stories; Pharaoh, translated from the Polish, with foreword and notes, by Christopher Kasparek, Amazon Kindle e-book, 2020, ASIN:BO8MDN6CZV); and other Polish authors. Kasparek's translation of the Constitution of 3 May 1791 (published 1985 and republished in many venues), is available — augmented with his translation of the Free Royal Cities Act — on Wikisource. His translations of verse include selected Fables and Parables by Ignacy Krasicki. Bibliography A partial list of works written or translated by Christopher Kasparek: Articles "The Social Case of the Theory of Relativity: Why They Know Not What They Do, and How They Know Anything At All", The Daily Californian, vol. 195, no. 6 (Tuesday, July 11, 1967) – Weekly Magazine [section], issue number 26, volume 2 (July 11, 1967) – pp. 5–6, 8. review of Robert Olby, The Path to