in a float process. Borosil, manufactured by the company of the same name, used in laboratory glassware and microwaveable kitchenware in India BK7 of Schott, a borosilicate glass with a high level of purity. Main use in lens and mirrors for laser, cameras and telescopes. Duran of DURAN Group, similar to Pyrex, Simax or Jenaer Glas. Pyrex borosilicate glass of Corning Fiolax of Schott, mainly used for containers for pharmaceutical applications. Ilmabor of (2014 insolvency), mainly used for containers and equipment in laboratories and medicine. Jenaer Glas of Zwiesel Kristallglas, formerly Schott AG. Mainly used for kitchenware. Kimax is the trademark for borosilicate glassware from Kimble Rasotherm of VEB Jenaer Glaswerk Schott & Genossen, for technical glass Simax of Kavalierglass a.s., Czechia, produced for both laboratory and consumer markets. Supertek, manufacturer of scientific lab equipment and glassware. Willow Glass is an alkali free, thin and flexible borosilicate glass of Corning Boroux is a borosilicate glass drinking bottles. Endural is a brand name of Holophane Borosilicate nanoparticles It was initially thought that borosilicate glass could not be formed into nanoparticles, since an unstable boron oxide precursor prevented successful forming of these shapes. However, in 2008 a team of researchers from the Swiss Federal Institute of Technology at Lausanne were successful in forming borosilicate nanoparticles of 100 to 500 nanometers in diameter. The researchers formed a gel of tetraethylorthosilicate and trimethoxyboroxine. When this gel is exposed to water under proper conditions, a dynamic reaction ensues which results in the nanoparticles. In lampworking Borosilicate (or "boro", as it is often called) is used extensively in the glassblowing process lampworking; the glassworker uses a burner torch to melt and form glass, using a variety of metal and graphite tools to shape it. Borosilicate is referred to as "hard glass" and has a higher melting point (approximately 3,000 °F / 1648 °C) than "soft glass", which is preferred for glassblowing by beadmakers. Raw glass used in lampworking comes in glass rods for solid work and glass tubes for hollow work tubes and vessels/containers. Lampworking is used to make complex and custom scientific apparatus; most major universities have a lampworking shop to manufacture and repair their glassware. For this kind of "scientific glassblowing", the specifications must be exact and the glassblower must be highly skilled and able to work with precision. Lampworking is also done as art, and common items made include goblets, paper weights, pipes,