of any heavyweight champion at 69 inches). In addition, Marciano was starting late in the professional ranks, and was light for a heavyweight. Nevertheless, Goldman began to work with Marciano. Goldman believed that a trainer should not interfere with a fighter's natural style, but rather refine and improve it. Accordingly, he did not try to turn him into a slick jabbing boxer. He also sought to turn Marciano's shortcomings into advantages. His adage was: "If you got a tall fighter, make him taller. If you got a short fighter make him shorter." With Marciano, Goldman made him shorter by teaching him to fight out of a crouch. By having him stoop low Goldman made the already low target offered by Marciano that much harder to hit. He also worked with Marciano to shorten his punches and narrow his stance. Goldman tied Marciano's ankles together with a string to help him to narrow his stance. He taught him to throw combinations, rather than one big bomb at a time. Although the finished product was still crude and clumsy, compared to the style of many boxers, Marciano became a formidable offensive and defensive fighter. But, as Goldman pointed out: "A lot of people say Rocky don't look too good in there, but the guy on the ground don't look too good either." A visual examination of Marciano's defense could be deceiving. Boxing master, Archie Moore noted that his study of Marciano on film led him to believe that he would be vulnerable to a left hook. When the fight began, Archie learned that, due to the angle of Marciano's defensive crouch, he could hit Marciano with a hook only if he placed himself in position to be hit by Marciano. Undisputedly, Marciano possessed assets that enabled him to become champion. But it is universally acknowledged that Goldman did a masterful job in bringing out these assets to Marciano's greatest advantage, and refining his style to make the fighter the best he could be. Legacy After Marciano retired, Goldman continued to train fighters. Although he briefly worked with Argentinian Oscar Bonavena in his early career, he never again trained a world championship contender. Goldman was very popular with the sportswriters of his day. He was always good for a quote, and continued to sport his derby hat long past the era when they were customarily worn. The derby, along with his diminutive size