In the 20th century, when Poland regained independence, a new rank was created: marszałek polski (Marshal of Poland). It was first given to Józef Piłsudski, and although it is the highest military rank it is more of an honor-rank. This title is granted only to military commanders who achieved victory during a war. Marszałek sejmu was recreated as well. Traditionally the highest military rank equivalent to modern marszałek(Field marshal) was hetman before partitions of Poland. Types Following is a list of titles of marszałek. In many cases, they are completely unrelated to each other. In the Polish Kingdom: Marszałek Krolestwa Polskiego – Marshal of the Kingdom of Poland In the semi-confederal Polish-Lithnuanian Commonwealth, offices were split: In the Polish Crown: Marszałek wielki koronny – Grand Marshal of the Crown Marszałek nadworny koronny – Marshal of the Court of the Crown In the Grand Duchy of Lithuania: Marszałek wielki litewski – Grand Marshal of Lithuania Marszałek nadworny litewski – Marshal of the Court of Lithuania Common: Marszałek dworski – Court Marshal Marszałek ziemski – District Marshal or Land Marshal Marszałek sejmu – Marshal of the Sejm Marszałek sejmiku – Marshal of the Sejmik In partitioned Poland: Marszałek szlachty – Marshal of the Szlachta In the Second Polish Republic, the People's Republic of Poland, and present-day Poland: Marszałek Polski – Marshal of Poland (military rank) Marszałek sejmu – Speaker of the Sejm Marszałek senatu – Speaker of the Senate of Poland Since 1999: Marszałek województwa (voivodeship marshal)leader of the indirectly elected executive of a voivodeship (one of Poland's 16 provinces) by sejmik (voivodeship's legislature), co-existing with the government-appointed voivode (governor) See also Hetman Marshal of the Sejm Offices in Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth References Polish titles Lithuanian titles Silesian nobility Nobility Polish nobility Prussian nobility German nobility by region Austrian nobility Polish courtiers