Africa (2019) and New Zealand (2020) respectively. He was included in the playing XI of the first international pink ball Test match organised in India, at Eden Gardens as the second match of the 2019–20 Bangladesh Tour of India, where he took two wickets. During the tour he also reached seventh position in the ICC Men's Player Rankings after taking 7 wickets in the first match, with his 790 rating points being the third-best for an India pace bowler with only Kapil Dev (877) and Jasprit Bumrah (832) having reached a higher rating previously. During the 2020–21 Border-Gavaskar Trophy, Shami suffered a fracture on his arm while batting against Pat Cummins during the second innings of the first Test. He retired hurt while batting and was ruled out of the rest of the series. Shami was the joint 10th highest wicket taker in the tournament, along with Jofra Archer, with 40 wickets in total. He was the highest wicket taker among the Indian pacers and the second highest of all Indian bowlers, behind only Ravichandran Ashwin. He also played in the final of the Test Championship, against New Zealand at The Rose Bowl in Southampton and took 4 wickets, all in the first innings. 2021–23 ICC World Test Championship During the 2021–23 ICC World Test Championship, in the 2021 India-England series, on 16 August 2021, in India's second innings, Shami made his highest score and second half-century in Test cricket, with an unbeaten score of 56* in a partnership with Jasprit Bumrah, which helped team India to script a historical win against England. In spite of playing only 3 matches in the 5-match series, Shami finished as the fifth highest wicket-taker of the series with 11 wickets with the best figures of 4/95 coming during the first innings of the third match of the series. During the first innings of the first Test of the India-South Africa 2021–22 Test series, Shami took 5 wickets for 44 runs and became the fifth Indian pacer (and with the fewest number of deliveries – 9896) to take 200 wickets in Test cricket. For his performances, the former head coach of India, Ravi Shastri lauded him as 'The Sultan of Bengal' on Twitter. At the end of the match, which India eventually won, the Test captain of team India, Virat Kohli eulogised Shami for taking 8 wickets total in the match saying "For me