in medieval English as purpul and purpure (in medieval French porpre) and comes from classical Latin purpura = "purple" with dissimilation of to . Latin rārus "rare" > Italian rado. Cardamom is commonly pronounced cardamon. In Middle English, in some words ending in -n preceded by a coronal consonant the -n changed to -m: seldom, random, venom. English marble is ultimately from Latin marmor. Russian февраль 'February' is from Latin Februārius. In Spanish, interchanges between and are common; for a list, see History of the Spanish language#Interchange of the liquids /l/ and /r/. In Basque, dissimilation is frequent as well. Lag dissimilation from a contiguous segment (very rare): Latin hominem ("man", acc.) > Old Spanish omne > omre > Spanish hombre Latin nomine ("name", abl.) > nomre > Spanish nombre English chimney (standard) > chim(b)ley (dialectal) Proto-Slavic *svobodà "freedom" > Slovak sloboda (vs. Czech svoboda) In Irish, many dialects regularly change the sequence to Paradigmatic dissimilation When, through sound change, elements of a grammatical paradigm start to conflate in a way that is not easily remedied through re-wording, the forms may dissimilate. For example, in modern Korean the vowels and are merging for many people in the capital Seoul, and concurrently the second-person pronoun 네 'you' is shifting to 니 to avoid confusion with the first-person pronoun 내 'me'. Similarly, it appears that English she, historically heo, may have acquired its modern sh form through dissimilation from he, though it is not clear whether the mechanism was idiosyncratic sound change (palatalization) of heo, or substitution of heo with the feminine demonstrative pronoun seo. See also Assimilation (linguistics) References Sources Crowley, Terry. (1997) An Introduction to Historical Linguistics. 3rd edition. Oxford University Press. Vasmer's dictionary Dissimilation (International Encyclopedia of Linguistics, 2nd ed.) Phonology Sound changes