factory, chemical factories, etc. Industry is mainly located south of the Voronezh River. Transportation Since 1868, there is a railway connection between Lipetsk and Moscow. Trams, trolleybuses and buses provide local public transportation. The municipality aspires to renovate the tramway network as it is largely segregated from motor traffic. It has negotiated a 10-year, RUR 30 billion loan from the European Bank of Reconstruction & Development for tramway renewal. Health care Lipetsk is one of the oldest mud bath and balneological resorts in Russia (first opened in 1805). Peat mud and chalybeate bicarbonate calcic springs are used to treat patients. Sulphate and chloride sodium water is used for therapeutic baths and drinking. Education Lipetsk is home of the Lipetsk State Technical University, Lipetsk State Pedagogical University, and some other colleges. Military At the Lipetsk Air Base north of the town, the 4th Center of Combat Application and Conversion of Frontline Aviation named after Valery Chkalov is situated in Lipetsk. The Lipetsk Air Center's chief, colonel Kharchevsky, has become famous after trial air combats in the United States and being a personal pilot of President Putin. The city is also served by the smaller Lipetsk Airport. Twin towns and sister cities Lipetsk is twinned with: Notable people from Lipetsk Andrei Gheorghe Yuri Gladkikh Viktor Kukin Dmitry Kulikov Alexandre Naoumenko Dmitri Shershnev Eugene Smurgis Maria Viktorovna See also List of Chairmen of the Council of Deputies of Lipetsk Oblast References Notes Sources External links Official website of Lipetsk Unofficial website of Lipetsk Lipetsk news Website of Lipetsk Chamber of Commerce and Industry Lipetsky Uyezd