| 'factory' |- | | ró | | 'carve' |- | | ma | | 'today' |- | | nem | | 'no', 'gender' |- | | nyár | | 'summer' |} Vowels Hungarian has seven pairs of corresponding short and long vowels. Their phonetic values do not exactly match up with each other, so represents and represents ; likewise, represents while represents . For the other pairs, the short vowels are slightly lower and more central, and the long vowels more peripheral: are phonetically near-close . has been variously described as close-mid and mid . and the marginal are phonetically near-open , but they may be somewhat less open in other dialects. is phonetically mid . and the marginal are phonetically open central . The sound marked by is considered to be by Tamás Szende and by Mária Gósy. Gósy also mentions a different short that contrasts with both and , present in a few words like Svájc ('Switzerland'), svá ('schwa'), advent ('advent'), hardver ('hardware', this usage is considered hyperforeign), and halló (used when answering the phone; contrasting with haló 'dying', and háló 'web'). There are two more marginal sounds, namely the long as well as the long . They are used in the name of the letters E and A, which are pronounced and , respectively. Although not found in Standard Hungarian, some dialects contrast three mid vowels , , and , with the latter being written in some works, but not in the standard orthography. Thus mentek could represent four different words: mëntëk ('you all go'), mëntek ('they went'), mentëk ('I save'), and mentek ('they are exempt'). In Standard Hungarian, the first three collapse to , while the latter one is unknown, having a different form in the literary language (mentesek). {| class="wikitable" style="text-align: center;" |+ Examples ! Phoneme ! colspan="3" | Example |- | | hat | | 'six' |- | () | a | | 'the letter A' |- | () | Svájc | | 'Switzerland' |- | | lát | | 'see' |- | | ok | | 'cause' |- | | tó | | 'lake' |- | | fut | | 'run' |- | | kút | | 'well' |- | | lesz | | 'will be' |- | () | e | | 'the letter E' |- | | rész | | 'part' |- | | visz | | 'carry' |- |