stress in invertebrates such as Drosophila melanogaster. Paraquat-fed flies suffer early-onset mortality and significant increases in superoxide dismutase activity. While in 2022 UK farmers were calling for a ban on the UK production of paraquat, a BBC article stated that "There is no scientific consensus and many conflicting studies on any possible association between Paraquat and Parkinson's"; in the USA a class action lawsuit against Syngenta is ongoing; the company rejects the claims but has paid £187.5 million into a settlement fund. References Further reading External links Herbicides Bipyridines Avian embryotoxicants Superoxide generating substances Nephrotoxins Pyridinium compounds