An accessory fruit is a fruit in which some of the flesh is derived not from the floral ovary but from some adjacent tissue exterior to the carpel. Accessory fruits are usually indehiscent. Terminology Alternative terms for accessory fruit are false fruit, spurious fruit, pseudofruit, or pseudocarp. These are older terms for accessory fruit that have been criticized as "inapt", and are not used by some botanists today. Examples The following are examples of accessory fruits listed by the plant organ from which the accessory tissue is derived: Hypanthium-derived: pomes (e.g. apple and pear) Perianth-derived: anthocarps of the Nyctaginaceae Receptacle-derived: fig, mulberry, pineapple, and strawberry Calyx-derived: Gaultheria procumbens and Syzygium jambos Fruit with fleshy seeds, such as pomegranate or mamoncillo, are not considered to be accessory fruits. Research Current research has proposed that a single class of genes may be responsible for regulating accessory fruit formation and ripening. A study using strawberries concluded that hormone signaling pathways involving gibberellic acid and auxin affect gene expression, and contribute to the initiation of accessory fruit development. Metabolic modifications in different developing accessory fruit tissues are due to the varied distributions of compounds such as triterpenoids and steroids. See also Aggregate fruit Compound fruit Multiple fruit References Fruit morphology