(2011, civil union) Several counties (2008, ) Asia Shibuya, Tokyo (2015) Setagaya, Tokyo (2015) Iga, Mie (2016) Takarazuka, Hyōgo (2016) Naha, Okinawa (2016) Sapporo, Hokkaido (2017) Fukuoka, Fukuoka (2018) Osaka, Osaka (2018) Nakano, Tokyo (2018) Ōizumi, Gunma (2019) Chiba, Chiba (2019) Edogawa, Tokyo (2019) Fuchū, Tokyo (2019) Hirakata, Osaka (2019) Kumamoto, Kumamoto (2019) Odawara, Kanagawa (2019) Sakai, Osaka (2019) Sōja, Okayama (2019) Toshima, Tokyo (2019) Yokosuka, Kanagawa (2019) Kanuma, Tochigi (2019) Miyazaki, Miyazaki (2019) Kitakyushu, Fukuoka (2019) Narashino, Chiba (2020) Hida, Gifu (TBD) Special municipalities (6/6) Kaohsiung (2015) Taipei (2015) Taichung (2015) Tainan (2016) New Taipei (2016) Taoyuan (2016) Provincial cities (3/3) Chiayi (2016) Hsinchu (2017) Keelung (2017) Counties (9/13) Changhua County (2016) Hsinchu County (2016) Yilan County (2016) Chiayi County (2016) Kinmen County (2017) Lienchiang County (2017) Miaoli County (2017) Nantou County (2017) Pingtung County (2017) Europe (1998, ) : () (1998) (1999) (2000) (2000) (2001) (2002) (2002) (2002) (2002) (2002) (2003) (2003) (2005) (2008) (2010) (2018) (1999, ) (2000, , , ) (2001, ) opposite-sex since 1999. (2004, , ) (2005, civil partnership) (2011, civil partnership) (2012, civil partnerships) (2014, civil partnerships) (2006, ) (2006, ) (2007, , , , ) (2001) (2002) (2004) (2005) (2009, ) (2010, ) (2011, ) (2014, ) (2014, ) (2015, , ) (2015, ) opposite-sex since 2008. (2016, ) (2016, ) (2018, ) (2020, , ) (2021, , ) (2022, ) (2022, ) Oceania : (2004, significant relationships and caring relationships) (domestic partnership since 2007, registered relationships since 2017) (domestic relationships since 1994) (2008) (domestic relationship) (de facto couples since 1999, registered relationships since 2010) (de facto recognition since 1999, civil partnerships since 2012) (2005) (civil union) () (2009) (2009) Countries with former civil unions Several countries used to offer civil unions only for same-sex couples. The laws that allowed civil unions were repealed when same-sex marriage was legalized. The following is a list of countries and other jurisdictions that used to offer civil unions for same-sex couples with the years in which they were available in brackets: Europe (2005 as ; 2014–2022 as ) (1989–2012, ) (1996–2016) (1993–2008, ) (1995–2009, ) (1996–2010, ) (2001–2017, ) (2002–2017, ) (2010–2015, civil partnership) Americas : (2000–2009, civil unions) (2005–2010, civil unions) (2008–2010, civil unions) (2009–2018, domestic partnerships) (2011–2013, civil unions) (2011–2013, civil unions) : (2013–2016, ) (2014–2018, ) Oceania : (civil partnerships between 2008 and 2012; civil unions between 2012 and 2017) Case studies