landmark agreement with the University of California. In its 2019 Annual Report, Cambridge University Press stated that it saw such agreements "as an important stepping stone in the transition to Open Access". In 2019, the press joined with the University of Cambridge's research and teaching departments to give a unified response to Plan S, which calls for all publications resulting from publicly funded research to be published in compliant open access journals or platforms from 2020. The response emphasized Cambridge's commitment to an open access goal which works effectively for all academic disciplines, is financially sustainable for institutions and high-quality peer review, and which leads to an orderly transition. The press is a member of the Open Access Scholarly Publishers Association and the International Association of STM Publishers. In 2023, more than 50 per cent of Cambridge University Press research articles are in open access mode. Nobel prize winners published by Cambridge University Press J. J. Thomson (Physics – 1906) Ernest Rutherford (Chemistry – 1908) Niels Bohr (Physics 1922) Werner Heisenberg (Physics – 1932) Charles Scott Sherrington (Medicine – 1932) Erwin Schrödinger (Physics – 1935) James Chadwick (Physics – 1935) Patrick Blackett (Physics – 1948) John Cockcroft (Physics – 1951) Ernest Hemingway (Literature – 1954) Alexander R. Todd (Chemistry – 1957) Max Perutz (Chemistry –1962) Eugene Wigner (Physics – 1963) Max Born (Physics – 1964) Nikolay Basov (Physics – 1964) Richard Feynman (Physics – 1965) Derek Barton (Chemistry 1969) Samuel Beckett (Literature – 1969) Simon Kuznets (Economics – 1971) Dennis Gabor (Physics – 1971) Kenneth Arrow (Economics – 1972) Burton Richter (Physics – 1976) James Meade (Economics – 1977) Nevill Francis Mott (Physics – 1977) Herbert A. Simon (Economics – 1978) Steven Weinberg (Physics – 1979) Abdus Salam (Physics – 1979) James ChaSubramanyan Chandrasekhar (Physics – 1983) Gérard Debreu (Economics – 1983) Richard Stone (Economics – 1984) Franco Modigliani (Economics – 1985) James M. Buchanan (Economics – 1986) Wole Soyinka (Literature – 1986) Robert Solow (Economics – 1987) Pierre-Gilles de Gennes (Physics – 1991) Robert Fogel (Economics – 1993) Douglass North (Economics – 1993) Harry Kroto (Chemistry – 1996) William Vickrey (Economics – 1996) Claude Cohen-Tannoudji (Physics – 1997) William Phillips (Physics – 1997) Amartya Sen (Economics – 1998) Gerard 't Hooft (Physics – 1999) Martinus J. G. Veltman (Physics – 1999) James Heckman (Economics – 2000) George Akerlof (Economics – 2001) Joseph Stiglitz (Economics – 2001) Daniel Kahneman (Economics