medical devices Karl Guthe Jansky (1905–1950), U.S. – radio telescope Karl Jatho (1873–1933), Germany – aeroplane Ali Javan (1926–2016), together with William R. Bennett Jr. (1930–2008), Iran/U.S. – Gas laser (Helium-Neon) Al-Jazari (1136–1206), Iraq – crank-driven and hydropowered saqiya chain pump, crank-driven screw and screwpump, elephant clock, weight-driven clock, weight-driven pump, reciprocating piston suction pump, geared and hydropowered water supply system, programmable humanoid robots, robotics, hand washing automata, flush mechanism, lamination, static balancing, paper model, sand casting, molding sand, intermittency, linkage Ibn Al-Jazzar (Algizar) (895–979), Tunisia – sexual dysfunction and erectile dysfunction treatment drugs Ányos Jedlik (1800–1898), Hungary – Jedlik dynamo Alec John Jeffreys (born 1950), UK – DNA profiling (forensics) Charles Francis Jenkins (1867–1934), U.S. – television and movie projector (Phantoscope) Thomas L. Jennings (1791–1859), U.S. – novel method of dry cleaning Steve Jobs (1955–2011), U.S. – Apple Macintosh computer, iPod, iPhone, iPad and other devices, software operating systems and applications. Amos Edward Joel Jr. (1918–2008) U.S. – electrical engineer, known for several contributions and over seventy patents related to telecommunications switching systems Carl Edvard Johansson (1864–1943), Sweden – Gauge blocks Johan Petter Johansson (1853–1943), Sweden – Pipe wrench and adjustable spanner Reynold B. Johnson (1906–1998), U.S. – Hard disk drive Philipp von Jolly (1809–1884), Germany – Jolly balance Scott A. Jones (born 1960), U.S. – created one of the most successful versions of voicemail as well as ChaCha Search, a human-assisted internet search engine Tom Parry Jones (1935–2013), UK – first electronic Breathalyzer Assen Jordanoff (1896–1967), Bulgaria – airbag Marc Jorgenson, Canada, engineer, inventor and musician Anatol Josepho (1894–1980), patented the first coin-operated photo booth called the "Photomaton" in 1925. Marjorie Joyner (1896–1994), U.S. – Permanent wave machine Whitcomb Judson (1836–1909), U.S. – zipper Percy Lavon Julian (1899–1975), U.S. – chemical synthesis of medicinal drugs from plants Ma Jun (fl. 220–265), China – south-pointing chariot (see differential gear), mechanical puppet theater, chain pumps, improved silk looms K Mikhail Kalashnikov (1919–2013), Russia – AK-47 and AK-74 assault rifles (the most produced ever) Bob Kahn (born 1938), together with Vint Cerf (born 1943), U.S. – Internet Protocol (TCP/IP) Dawon Kahng (1931–1992), South Korea, together with Simon Sze (born 1936), Taiwan/U.S. – Floating-gate MOSFET Dean Kamen (born 1951), U.S. – Invented the Segway HT scooter and the IBOT Mobility Device Heike Kamerlingh Onnes (1853–1926), Netherlands – liquid helium Nikolay Kamov (1902–1973), Russia – armored battle autogyro, Ka-series coaxial rotor helicopters Pyotr