of zero page and stack RAM: 128 KB system RAM, 2 KB 4-bit dedicated color RAM (for the VIC-II E), 16 KB or 64 KB dedicated video RAM (for the VDC), up to 512 KB REU expansion RAM ROM: 72 KB 28 KB BASIC 7.0 4 KB MLM 8 KB C128 KERNAL 4 KB screen editor 4 KB Z80 BIOS 16 KB C64 ROM: ≈9 KB C64 BASIC 2.0 + ≈7 KB C64 KERNAL 4 KB C64 (or international) character generator 4 KB C128 (or national) character generator 32 KB Internal Function ROM (optional: for placement in motherboard socket) 32 KB External Function ROM (optional: for placement in REU socket) Video: MOS 8564/8566 VIC-II E (NTSC/PAL) for 40-column composite video (a TV set can be used instead of a monitor if desired) Direct register access through memory-mapped I/O Text mode: 40×25, 16 colors Graphics modes: 160×200, 320×200 8 hardware sprites 2 KB dedicated 4-bit color RAM, otherwise uses main memory as video RAM MOS 8563 VDC (or, in C128DCR, the 8568) for 80-column digital RGBI component video, compatible with IBM PC CGA monitors, monochrome display also possible on composite video monitors; usable with TV sets only when the set has SCART and/or baseband video-in sockets in addition to the antenna connector. Color is possible through SCART, only monochrome through baseband video-in. Indirect register access (address register, data register in mapped memory) Text mode: Fully programmable, typically 80×25 or 80x50, 16 RGBI colors (not the same palette as the VIC-II) Graphics modes: Fully programmable, typical modes are 320x200, 640×200, and 640×400 (interlaced). 16 KB dedicated video RAM (64 KB standard in C128DCR, C128/C128D can be upgraded to 64 KB), accessible to the CPU only in a doubly indirect method (address register, data register on VDC, which in turn are addressed through address register, data register in mapped memory) Limited blitter functionality Sound: MOS 6581 SID (or, in the C128DCR, the MOS 8580 SID) synthesizer chip 3 voices, ADSR-controllable Standard SID waveforms (triangle, sawtooth, variable pulse, noise, and certain combined modes) Multi-mode filter 3 ring modulators I/O ports: All Commodore 64 ports with 100 percent compatibility, plus the following: Higher "burst mode" speed possible on the serial bus Expansion port more flexibly programmable RGBI video output (DE9-connector) logically similar to the IBM PC CGA connector, but with an added monochrome composite signal. This added signal causes a minor incompatibility with certain CGA