revised his biography, and it states that [Abbott] "is most remembered as the author of Flatland: A Romance of Many Dimensions. Adaptations and parodies Numerous imitations or sequels to Flatland have been created. Examples include: Films and TV Flatland (1965), an animated short film based on the novella, was directed by Eric Martin and based on an idea by John Hubley. Flatlandia (1982), an Italian animated short film, directed by Michele Emmer. Flatland (2007), a 98-minute animated independent feature film version directed by Ladd Ehlinger Jr., updates the satire from Victorian England to the modern-day United States. Flatland: The Movie (2007), by Dano Johnson and Jeffrey Travis, is a 34-minute animated educational film. Its sequel was Flatland 2: Sphereland (2012), inspired by the novel Sphereland by Dionys Burger. In the Star Trek: The Next Generation episode "The Loss", the USS Enterprise-D becomes trapped within a field of two-dimensional lifeforms. Literature Books and short stories inspired by Flatland include: An Episode on Flatland: Or How a Plain Folk Discovered the Third Dimension by Charles Howard Hinton (1907) The Dot and the Line: A Romance in Lower Mathematics by Norton Juster (1963) Sphereland by Dionys Burger (1965) The Incredible Umbrella by Marvin Kaye (1980) "Message Found in a Copy of Flatland" by Rudy Rucker (1983) The Planiverse by A. K. Dewdney (1984) Flatterland by Ian Stewart (2001) Spaceland by Rudy Rucker (2002) VAS: An Opera in Flatland (2002) by Steve Tomasula, which uses the two-dimensional world to critique contemporary society In popular culture Physicists and science popularizers Carl Sagan and Stephen Hawking have both commented on and postulated about the effects of Flatland. Sagan recreates the thought experiment as a set-up to discussing the possibilities of higher dimensions of the physical universe in both the book and television series Cosmos, whereas Hawking notes the peculiarity of life in two-dimensional space, as any inhabitants would necessarily be unable to digest their own food. (This concept is parodied in the below-described episode of Futurama. The protagonists attempt to eat Flatland food but it falls out immediately. The native organisms in Flatland absorb food somewhat like amoeba.) In the "2-D Blacktop" episode of the animated science fiction TV comedy series Futurama (season 7, episode 15, originally broadcast June 19, 2013), two spaceships moving at relativistic speeds crash head on and are compressed together into a flat disk. They meet natives of the realm, who chase