the event. He is also America's only male individual track gold medalist. Thomas Bach of West Germany won a gold medal in the team foil event in fencing. He would later become IOC President. Heavyweight boxer Clarence Hill won a bronze medal for Bermuda. His accomplishment makes Bermuda the smallest nation in terms of population to win an Olympic medal at the Summer Olympics. East Germany surpassed all expectations for a middle-sized nation by finishing with the second most gold medals in total. The East German women's swimming team won all but two gold medals. Swimmer Kornelia Ender won four gold medals and a silver medal. However, the GDR's achievements were later fundamentally undermined by the exposure of a serious and systematic scheme of doping by the East German sporting authorities. It was later revealed that after injecting athletes with performance-boosting drugs at the Montreal Olympics, East German officials dumped the leftover serum and syringes in the Saint Lawrence River. Venues Montreal Olympic Park Olympic Stadium – opening/closing ceremonies, athletics, football (final), equestrian (jumping team final) Olympic Pool – diving, modern pentathlon (swimming), swimming, water polo (final) Olympic Velodrome – cycling (track), judo Montreal Botanical Garden – athletics (20 km walk), modern pentathlon (running) Maurice Richard Arena – boxing, wrestling (freestyle finals) Centre Pierre Charbonneau – wrestling Olympic Village – athletes' residence Venues in Greater Montreal Olympic Basin, Île Notre-Dame – canoeing, rowing Claude Robillard Centre – handball, water polo Centre Étienne Desmarteau – basketball St. Michel Arena – weightlifting Paul Sauvé Centre – volleyball Montreal Forum – basketball (finals), boxing (finals), gymnastics, handball (finals), volleyball (finals) Mount Royal Park – cycling (individual road race) Quebec Autoroute 40 – cycling (road team time trial) Streets of Montreal – athletics (marathon) Winter Stadium, Université de Montréal – fencing, modern pentathlon (fencing) Molson Stadium, McGill University – field hockey Venues outside Montreal Olympic Shooting Range, L'Acadie – modern pentathlon (shooting), shooting Olympic Archery Field, Joliette – archery Olympic Equestrian Centre, Bromont – equestrian (all but jumping team), modern pentathlon (riding) Pavilion de l'éducation physique et des sports de l'Université Laval, Quebec City, Quebec – handball preliminaries Sherbrooke Stadium, Sherbrooke, Quebec – football preliminaries Sherbrooke Sports Palace, Sherbrooke, Quebec – handball preliminaries Portsmouth Olympic Harbour, Kingston, Ontario – sailing Varsity Stadium, Toronto, Ontario – football preliminaries Lansdowne Park, Ottawa, Ontario – football preliminaries Sports There was a desire by the IOC's program commission