the first line of Shostakovich’s Symphony No. 13. After the collapse of the Soviet Union, several memorials were erected on the site and elsewhere. The events also formed a part of literature. Babi Yar is located in Kyiv at the juncture of today's Kurenivka, Lukianivka and Syrets districts, between Kyrylivska, Melnykov, and Olena Teliha streets and St. Cyril's Monastery. After the Orange Revolution, President Viktor Yushchenko of Ukraine hosted a major commemoration of the 65th anniversary in 2006, attended by Presidents Moshe Katsav of Israel, Filip Vujanović of Montenegro, Stjepan Mesić of Croatia and Chief Rabbi of Tel Aviv Rabbi Yisrael Meir Lau. Rabbi Lau pointed out that if the world had reacted to the massacre of Babi Yar, perhaps the Holocaust might never have happened. Implying that this impunity emboldened Hitler, Lau speculated: In 2006, a message was also delivered on behalf of Kofi Annan, Secretary-General of the United Nations, by his representative, Resident Coordinator Francis Martin O'Donnell, who added a Hebrew prayer Shalom, from the Mourners' Kaddish. Mudslide In the spring of 1961, Babi Yar was the site of a massive mudslide. An earthen dam in the ravine was used to hold loam pulp which had been pumped from the local brick factories without sufficient drainage over the course of ten years. The dam collapsed after it was hit by a heavy rainstorm, resulting in a mudslide that swept away the low-lying Kurenivka neighborhood and several other areas. The death toll was estimated to be between 1,500 and 2,000 people. 2022 Russian bombing On 1 March 2022, during Russia's invasion of Ukraine the site was struck by Russian forces while they were trying to destroy the nearby Kyiv TV Tower. The attack resulted in the death of at least five people. See also Antisemitism in Ukraine Babi Yar in poetry Symphony No. 13, called Babi Yar, by Dmitri Shostakovich Symphony No.1 In Memoriam to the Martyrs of Babi Yar by Dmitri Klebanov (1945, audio) Babi Yar Holocaust Memorial Center Consequences of Nazism Genocides in history History of the Jews in Ukraine The Holocaust in Ukraine List of massacres in Ukraine Mass graves in the Soviet Union Nazi crimes against Soviet POWs Operation Barbarossa Reichskommissariat Ukraine Ukrainian collaborationism with the Axis powers Ukrainian cultural heritage during the 2022 Russian invasion The Kindly Ones Notes References Sources A. Anatoli (Anatoly Kuznetsov), trans. David Floyd, (1970), Babi Yar: A Document in