ending *-lla/*-llä (from earlier *-l-na/*-l-nä). These endings still survive as such in several Finnic languages including Finnish, but have been reduced to -s and -l in Estonian and some others. The Finnic languages, like some Indo-European languages (Latin, Russian, Irish), do not normally use the verb to have to show possession. The adessive case and the verb to be is used instead, so that the combination literally means "on/at me is...". For example, I have a house in Estonian would be Mul on maja in which mul is in the adessive case, on is the third singular of to be (is), and maja is in nominative, not accusative. So maja is the subject, on is the verb and mul is the indirect object. This could be translated to English as At me is a house or A house is at me or There is a house at me. Etruscan The Etruscan language has a locative ending in -thi. E.g. velsnalthi, "at Velznani", with reference to Volsinii. Algonquian languages Algonquian languages have a locative. Cree In Cree, the locative suffix is -ihk. misâskwatômin (Saskatoon berry) → misâskwatôminihk (at the Saskatoon berry) = "[in] Saskatoon, SK" misâskwatôminiskâ- (be many Saskatoon berries) → misâskwatôminiskâhk (at the place of many Saskatoon berries) = "[in] Saskatoon, SK" mînis (berry) → mînisihk (at the berry) = "[in] Saskatoon, SK" Innu-aimun In Innu-aimun, the locative suffix is -(i)t. shipu (river) → shipit (at the river) katshishkutamatsheutshuap (school) → katshishkutamatsheutshuapit (at school) nuitsheuakan (my friend) → nuitsheuakanit (at my friend's house) nipi (water) → nipit (in the water) utenau (town) → utenat (in town) Notes Bibliography External links Locative in the Russian language (in Russian) Grammatical cases