improved "macadam" road surface Elijah McCoy (1843–1929), Canada – Displacement lubricator Nicholas McKay Sr. (1920–2014), U.S. – Lint roller Frederick McKinley Jones (1893–1961), U.S. – 22 patents, the most prominent for an automatic refrigeration system for long-haul trucks James McLurkin (born 1972), U.S. – Ant robotics (robotics) Ilya Ilyich Mechnikov (1845–1916), Russia – probiotics Hippolyte Mège-Mouriès (1817–1880), France – margarine Mordecai Meirowitz (born 1930), Roumania / Israel – Mastermind (board game) Dmitri Mendeleev (1834–1907), Russia – Periodic table, pycnometer, pyrocollodion Richard B. Merrill (1949–2008), U.S. – Foveon X3 sensor George de Mestral (1907–1990), Switzerland – Velcro Robert Metcalfe (born 1946), U.S. – Ethernet Antonio Meucci (1808–1889), Italy/U.S. – various early telephones, a hygrometer, a milk test Édouard Michelin (1859–1940), France – pneumatic tire Anthony Michell (1870–1959), Australia – tilting pad thrust bearing, crankless engine Artem Mikoyan (1905–1970), Armenia/Russia – MiG-series fighter aircraft, including world's most produced jet aircraft MiG-15 and most produced supersonic aircraft MiG-21 (together with Mikhail Gurevich) Alexander Mikulin (1895–1985), Russia – Mikulin AM-34 and other Soviet aircraft engines, co-developer of the Tsar Tank Mikhail Mil (1909–1970), Russia – Mi-series helicopter aircraft, including Mil Mi-8 (the world's most-produced helicopter) and Mil Mi-12 (the world's largest helicopter) Alexander Miles (1838–1918), U.S. – system for automatically opening and closing elevator doors David L. Mills (born 1938), U.S. – Fuzzball router, Network Time Protocol Marvin Minsky (1927–2016), U.S. – Confocal microscopy Tokushichi Mishima (1893–1975), Japan – MKM magnetic steel Pavel Molchanov (1893–1941), Russia – Radiosonde Jules Montenier (1895–1962), U.S. – Anti-perspirant deodorant Montgolfier brothers (1740–1810) and (1745–1799), France – hot air balloon John J. Montgomery (1858–1911), U.S. – heavier-than-air gliders Narcis Monturiol i Estarriol (1819–1885), Spain – steam powered submarine Robert Moog (1934–2005), U.S. – the Moog synthesizer John J. Mooney (1930–2020), together with Carl D. Keith (1920–2008), U.S. – three way catalytic converter Roland Moreno (1945–2012), France – inventor of the smart card Samuel Morey (1762–1843), U.S. – internal combustion engine Garrett A. Morgan (1877–1963), U.S. – inventor of the smoke hood Alexander Morozov (1904–1979), Russia – T-54/55 (the most produced tank in history), co-developer of T-34 Walter Frederick Morrison (1920–2010), U.S. – Flying disc William Morrison (dentist) (1860–1926), U.S. – Cotton candy machine Samuel Morse (1791–1872), U.S. – early Morse code, see also Morse Code controversy Sergei Ivanovich Mosin (1849–1902), Russia – Mosin–Nagant rifle Motorins, Ivan Feodorovich (1660s–1735) and his son Mikhail Ivanovich (?–1750), Russia – Tsar Bell Vera