had spent some time at the English publishing house "Williams & Norgate" in London. On New Year's Day, 1859, he had joined his father's publishing firm as a partner and just ten months later he was running it on his own. His tenure at the helm of the firm saw the publication of three new travel guides in 1861 viz the first Baedeker travel guide in English, the handbook on "The Rhine" (from Switzerland to Holland), a guide in German on Italy (Ober-Italien), the first of a series on Italy, which his father had planned and one in French, also on Italy (Italie septentrionale). Ernst Baedeker died unexpectedly on 23 July 1861 of sunstroke in Egypt and his younger brother, Karl, assumed charge of the publishing house. Karl Baedeker II 1861−1877: Karl Baedeker II (1837−1911) continued the work started by his brother Ernst. In addition to the ongoing revision of existing guides, he published 14 new guides: four in German, seven in English and three in French. viz. New German titles: 1862: London 1866: Italien Zweiter Teil: Mittel-Italien und Rom 1866: Italien Dritter Teil: Unter-Italien, Sizilien und die Liparischen Inseln New English titles: 1863: Switzerland 1865: Paris 1867: Central Italy and Rome 1868: Southern Italy (including Sicily, the Lipary Islands) 1868: Southern Germany and the Austrian Empire 1863: Northern Italy (as far as Leghorn, Florence and Ancona, and the Island of Corsica) New French titles: 1863: Paris 1866: Londres 1867: L'Itale deuxième partie : L'Italie centrale et Rome 1867: L'Italie troisième partie: L'Italie du Sud, La Sicille et les îles Lipari Karl Baedeker II worked with his younger brother Fritz, who joined the firm in 1869 as a partner and became the general manager. In 1877 (according to the source cited here) Karl, afflicted with an incurable mental condition, moved to a sanatorium near Esslingen am Neckar where he remained for the rest of his life. Fritz Baedeker 1869−1925: Under Fritz Baedeker (1844−1925) the company grew rapidly. In 1870, the Baedeker bookselling business was sold. In 1872, he moved the company's headquarters from Koblenz to Leipzig, a major move forward, as most of the reputable major German publishing houses were located there. He also persuaded Eduard Wagner, the Baedeker cartographer in Darmstadt, to move to Leipzig and establish a new company with Ernst Debes, a talented cartographer from "Justus Perthes" a leading cartography firm in Gotha. The new company was