the corporation provided misleading information to some clients in the retail wrap fee programs regarding trade-execution services and transaction costs. Current and former chief executives The position of chief executive was known as president until 1991; the position was not in use between 1961 and 1970 as Morgan Stanley was a partnership during this period. Harold Stanley (1935–1951) Perry Hall (1951–1961) Samuel B. Payne (1970–1971) Chester H. Lasell (1971–1972) Robert H. B. Baldwin (1973–1982) S. Parker Gilbert (1983–1984) Richard B. Fisher (1984–1997) Phil Purcell (1997–2005) John Mack (2005–2009) James P. Gorman (2009–present) Global and other headquarters The Morgan Stanley world headquarters are located in New York City, the European headquarters are in London, Asia Pacific headquarters are in both Hong Kong and Tokyo, Canada headquarters in Toronto. Notable alumni Dan Ammann, Chief Executive Officer, Cruise Automation Barton Biggs, author and hedge fund manager Erskine Bowles, Clinton White House Chief of Staff Mike Chen, YouTuber Richard A. Debs, Chairman of Carnegie Hall; Middle East power-broker Bob Diamond, former Chief Executive Officer, Barclays Richard B. Fisher, Chairman * Bob Diamond, former Chief Executive Officer, Barclays of the Board, Rockefeller University and Bard College; member, Trilateral Commission Eric Gleacher, Founder of Gleacher & Co. Nina Godiwalla, author of Suits: A Woman on Wall Street David Grimaldi, Chief Administrative Officer, New Castle County Government John Havens, former President, Citigroup, Inc. Nigel MacEwan, former Chief Executive Officer, Kleinwort Benson North America; former President, Merrill Lynch John J. Mack, Chairman of the Board of New York-Presbyterian Hospital Mary Meeker, Kleiner Perkins partner and founder, Bond Capital Mitchell M. Merin, financial executive Eileen Murray, Co-President, Bridgewater Associates Dr. Ann Olivarius, Chair, McAllister Olivarius, trans-Atlantic employment and discrimination lawyer Stephen A. Oxman, Assistant Secretary of State; Chair, Princeton University Board of Trustees Vikram Pandit, former Chief Executive Officer, Citigroup Joseph R. Perella, philanthropist; Founder of Perella Weinberg Partners Charles E. Phillips, former President of Oracle, Inc.; C.E.O. of Infor Ruth Porat, Chief Financial Officer; Alphabet Inc. Frank Quattrone, Founder, Qatalyst Group Steven Rattner, private equity manager and commentator Stephen S. Roach, Yale University professor Benjamin M. Rosen, Co-founder, Compaq Computer; Chairman, California Institute of Technology David E. Shaw, hedge fund manager Chip Skowron, hedge fund portfolio manager convicted of insider trading Bjarne Stroustrup, developer of the C++ programming language John J. Studzinski, CBE, American-British investment banker and philanthropist Sir David Walker, Chairman, Barclays PLC Kevin Warsh, G.W. Bush