to Eastern Europe. From the strategic perspectives of the ("Plan in Stages"), the global- and continental-interpretations of Nazi are feasible, and neither exclusive of each other, nor counter to Hitler's foreign-policy goals for Germany. Within the Reich régime proper, the Nazis held different definitions of , such as the idyllic, agrarian society that required much arable land, advocated by the blood-and-soil ideologist Richard Walther Darré and Heinrich Himmler; and the urban, industrial state, that required raw materials and slaves, advocated by Adolf Hitler. Operation Barbarossa—the invasion of the Soviet Union in summer 1941—required a compromise of concept, purpose, and execution to realise Hitler's conception of in the Slavic lands of Eastern Europe. During the Posen speeches, Himmler spoke about the deaths of millions of Soviet prisoners of war and foreign labourers: Ideology Racism usually is not a concept integral to the ideology of territorial expansionism; nor to the original meaning of the term ("biological habitat"), as defined by the ethnographer and geographer Friedrich Ratzel. Nonetheless, Nazism, the ideology of the Nazi Party, established racism as a philosophic basis of -as-geopolitics; which Adolf Hitler presented as Nazi racist ideology in his political autobiography (1926–28). Moreover, the geopolitical interpretations of national living-space by the academic Karl Haushofer (a teacher of Rudolf Hess, Hitler's deputy) provided Adolf Hitler with the intellectual, academic, and scientific rationalisations that justified the territorial expansion of Germany—by the natural right of the German Aryan race—to expand into, occupy, and exploit the lands of other countries, regardless of the native populations. In , Hitler explained the living-space "required" by Nazi Germany: Contemporary usages Since the end of World War II, the term has been used in relation to different countries throughout the world, including China, Egypt, Israel, Turkey, Poland, and the United States. See also Colonialism Expansionism for expansionist ideas in other countries Imperial German plans for the invasion of the United States Imperialism Irredentism A land without a people for a people without a land Malthusianism Nazi Germany Greater Germany Greater Germanic Reich Hunger Plan Expulsion of Poles by Nazi Germany (1939–1944) Wehrbauer, settlers of some of the lands Empire of Japan An Investigation of Global Policy with the Yamato Race as Nucleus Greater East Asia Co-Prosperity Sphere of the Empire of Japan, the equivalent of Lebensraum in the Empire of Japan Jewish settlement in the Japanese Empire before and during World War II Fascist Italy Fourth Shore