writing and publication of The Gulag Archipelago. See also Art and culture in the Gulag labor camps Article 58 (RSFSR Penal Code) The Black Book of Communism Black site Le Monde 100 Books of the Century Julius Margolin Nikolai Trifonov Explanatory notes 1. In Russian, the term GULAG () is an acronym for Main Directorate of Camps (). 2. A similar network of forced labour camps, known as katorga, existed in the Russian Empire since the early 18th century. It was abolished by the Russian Provisional Government in 1917. 3. Wheatcroft stated that historians relied on Solzhenitsyn to support their estimates of deaths under Stalin in the tens of millions but research in the state archives vindicated the lower estimates, while adding that the popular press has continued to include serious errors that should not be cited, or relied on, in academia. References External links All volumes for reading in browser, or plaintext: parts 1 and 2, parts 3 and 4, and parts 5, 6, and 7. All Volumes Moscow News (2006-05-02) 1973 non-fiction books Censored books Éditions du Seuil books Gulag memoirs Novels about political repression in the Soviet Union Novels set in the Gulag Novels set in the Stalin era Works by Aleksandr Solzhenitsyn