1890. Over the next decade, the review achieved critical success, and poets such as Stéphane Mallarmé and José-Maria de Heredia published original works in it. The review became bimonthly in 1905. In 1889, Alfred Vallette married the novelist Rachilde whose novel Monsieur Vénus was condemned on moral grounds. Rachilde was a member of the editorial committee of the review until 1924 and her personality and works did much to publicize the review. Rachilde held a salon on Tuesdays, and these "mardis du Mercure" would become famous for the authors who attended. Like other reviews of the period, the Mercure also began to publish books (beginning in 1894). Along with works by symbolists, the Mercure brought out the first French translations of Friedrich Nietzsche, the first works of André Gide, Paul Claudel, Colette and Guillaume Apollinaire and the poems of Tristan Klingsor. Later publications include works by: Henri Michaux, Pierre Reverdy, Pierre-Jean Jouve, Louis-René des Forêts, Pierre Klossowski, André du Bouchet, Georges Séféris, Eugène Ionesco and Yves Bonnefoy. With the death of Vallette in 1935, the management was taken over by Georges Duhamel (who had been editing the review since 1912). In 1938, because of Duhamel's anti-war stance, he was replaced by Jacques Antoine Bernard (in 1945, Bernard would be arrested and condemned for collaboration with the Germans). After the war, Duhamel (who was majority stockholder of the publishing house) appointed Paul Hartman to run the review (Hartman had participated in the resistance and clandestine publishing during the war). In 1958, the Éditions Gallimard publishing group bought the Mercure de France and Simone Gallimard was chosen as its director. In 1995, Isabelle Gallimard took over direction of the publishing house. Literary Prizes Mercure de France has won awards with the following authors: Salvat Etchart (Prix Renaudot 1967) Claude Faraggi (Prix Fémina 1975) Michel Butel (Prix Médicis 1977) Jocelyne François (Prix Fémina 1980) François-Olivier Rousseau (Prix Médicis and Prix Marcel Proust 1981) Nicolas Bréhal (Prix Valery Larbaud 1992) Paula Jacques (Prix Fémina 1991) Dominique Bona (Prix Interallié 1992) Andreï Makine (Prix Goncourt and Prix Médicis 1995) Gilles Leroy (Prix Goncourt 2007) Romain Gary published his novels under the penname Émile Ajar (with the complicity of Simone Gallimard) which allowed him to win an unprecedented two Prix Goncourt. Book series Les romantiques allemands (1942) Collection ivoire (1964) Domaine anglais (1964) Collection bleue (1989) Collection poésie (1990) Bibliothèque américaine (1993) Le Petit Mercure (1995)