Report recommends fourteen program areas for priority implementation: maintaining soils in croplands, increasing efficiency of irrigation, protecting watersheds, supporting forestry and plantations, restoring rangelands and improving livestock, protecting water bodies and sustaining fisheries, conserving biodiversity, increasing energy efficiency, developing and deploying renewable resources, preventing or decreasing pollution, managing urban wastes, supporting institutions to manage common resources, integrating population and environmental programs, and preserving the cultural heritage. It identifies sixty-eight specific programs in these areas, each with a long-term goal and expected outputs and physical investments required within ten years. Special attention has been paid to the potential roles of environmental NGOs, women's organizations, and international NGOs in working with the government in its conservation efforts. Recommendations from the National Conservation Strategy Report are incorporated in the Eighth Five-Year Plan (1993–98). In a recent study conducted by the Global CLEAN campaign, it was found that the average temperature in Pakistan had risen by 0.2 degrees in only two years. This is a dramatic change and puts emphasis on climate change campaigns. Land use Arable land - 27% Permanent crops - 1% Permanent pastures - 6% Forests and woodland - 5% Other - 61% (1993 est.) Irrigated land - 171,100 km2 (1993 est.) Protected areas Pakistan has 14 national parks, 72 wildlife sanctuaries, 66 game reserves, 9 marine and littoral protected areas, 19 protected wetlands and a number of other protected grasslands, shrublands, woodlands and natural monuments. International agreements Pakistan is a party to several international agreements related to environment and climate. The most prominent among them are: See also Green economy Geography of Pakistan Health care in Pakistan Hydrogen economy Leapfrogging from natural gas to hydrogen List of environmental issues Pakistan Environmental Protection Agency Protected areas of Pakistan Wildlife of Pakistan References External links Environment Protection Agency, Pakistan Resources on Pakistan, Environment and Sustainable Development