the "immortality of the soul". His father, Hermann, continued in his desire to educate his son by hiring private tutors to ensure Karl passed his exams but Karl, again, ran away, staying in Vienna for a couple of months before fleeing to New York with little money and his violin. Monk writes, "He managed nevertheless to maintain himself for over two years by working as a waiter, a saloon musician, a bartender and a teacher (of the violin, the horn, mathematics, German and anything else he could think of)." He returned to Vienna in 1867 and pursued his interest in engineering. After a year of education and an apprenticeship, Karl took the job of a draughtsman on the construction of a rolling mill in Bohemia, a post offered to him by Paul Kupelwieser, the brother of his brother-in-law. Karl rapidly rose through the company eventually taking over Kupelweiser as Managing Director within the space of five years. By the end of the nineteenth century, Karl Wittgenstein had become one of the wealthiest men in Europe and a leading figure in the iron and steel industry. In 1898, he retired from his posts and transferred much of his wealth to foreign equities, principally in the United States which protected the Wittgenstein family from the inflation in Vienna after the first world war. Children Karl married Leopoldine Maria Josefa Kalmus, known among friends as Poldi, in 1873. She was the only spouse of any of Hermann Christian's children who had a Jewish background; her father was a Bohemian Jew and her mother was Austrian-Slovene Catholic. They had the following children: Hermine "Mining" (b. 1 December 1874 in Teplitz; d. 11 February 1950 in Vienna) unmarried Dora (b. 1876 in Vienna; died at birth) Johannes "Hans" (b. 1877 in Vienna; d. 1902 in Chesapeake Bay, probable suicide), a musical prodigy Konrad "Kurt" (b. 1 May 1878 in Vienna; d. October/November 1918, suicide) Helene "Lenka" (b. 23 August 1879 in Vienna; d. April 1956 in Vienna) married to Dr. Max Salzer Rudolf "Rudi" (b. 27 June 1881 in Vienna; d. 2 May 1904 in Berlin, suicide) Margaret "Gretl" (b. 19 September 1882 in Vienna; d. 27 September 1958 in Vienna) married to Jerome Stonborough in 1904, divorced in 1923 Paul (b. 11 May 1887 in Vienna; d. 3 March 1961 in New York), concert pianist Ludwig "Lucki" (b. 26 April 1889 in Vienna; d.