which does not expand. The thickness of the sides would not allow expansion. Holes for lashings during the construction phase. Cross-beams / ribs: also discounted because there is no evidence of any pressure or attachment, nor the need for any. Carrying-handles: poles could have been passed through those eleven pairs of holes to carry the boat. However, the great weight of the boat would require some 44 people. Nobody knows either if such thin poles would support the weight. Fastening holes for hides: Holes could be used as some sort of fastening points for hides to keep cargo or crew dry during longer expeditions. Washstrakes Both sides of the front-upper hull consisted of washstrakes fastened to the hull by a series of tree-nails and rebate grooves. Given the limitations of the log, the washstrakes were probably fitted to the hull to increase the height of the sides near the bow section. They were directly attached to both sides of the hull and fitted inside special grooves in the upper bow timber. Repairs It appears that there was a repair done on the portside hull. To patch it, a larger portion of the hull was worked away and a rebate was cut around the edges. Then, a repair patch, some 1.25 m long, was manufactured with similar rebates so both parts would perfectly match. In both parts, the corresponding holes were cut and tree-nails used to fasten them from outside. The other repair, which was done to the starboard inner face of the hull at the stern, was patched by an insertion of a pre-shaped block and fastened by a tree-nail. Based on the analysis of the hull, this repair was initiated as a split stopper. Boring a hole at one end of a split is a recognised way of minimising a possibility of its spreading. The split was therefore caulked, a section of wood around the transom removed, and the repair block inserted and the transom finished. Design and build Based on ethnographic evidence, it is assumed that this kind of log could be cut by the use of some primitive stone or iron tools, but mostly by the use of controlled fire. After the log was cut, it was moved on wooden rollers to the construction site. From there, work generally had to start from the bottom of the hull and followed by shaping the hull sides. A major