the Codex as asemic in a talk at the Oxford University Society of Bibliophiles held on 8 May 2009. In the 1980s, Chinese artist Xu Bing created Tiānshū, or A Book from the Sky which is a work of books and hanging scrolls on which were printed 4000 hand carved meaningless characters. The 1980s also saw artist Gu Wenda begin the first of a series of projects centered on the invention of meaningless, false Chinese ideograms, depicted as if they were truly old and traditional. One exhibition of this type was held in Xi'an in 1986, featuring paintings of fake ideograms on a massive scale. Also in China, during the 1990s, an abstract calligraphy movement known as "Calligraphy-ism" came into existence, a leading proponent of this movement being Luo Qi. Calligraphy-ism is an aesthetic movement that aims to develop calligraphy into an abstract art. The characters do not need to retain their traditional forms or be legible as words. In Vietnam during the 2000s, a calligraphy group called the Zenei Gang of Five appeared. To this group of young artists, "Wordless" means that which cannot be said, that which is both before and beyond the specificity of naming. To be without words is saying nothing and saying everything. The 21st century has seen a steady growth in the popularity of asemic writing on social media sites such as Facebook, YouTube, and Pinterest. The Internet has aided in the rapid distribution of the asemic movement via blogs, and by a steadily growing list of print-on-demand books of asemic literature. There have been many group exhibits of asemic writing to date, the largest of which happened at Minnesota Center for Book Arts back in 2017. Other areas where asemic writing has left an impression include architecture, sound poetry, art, and artificial intelligence. Satu Kaikkonen, a contemporary asemic artist/writer from Finland, had this to say about asemic writing: Bruce Sterling comments about asemic writing on his Wired magazine blog Beyond the Beyond: False writing systems False writing systems are artificially constructed alphabets or scripts used (sometimes within the context of a false document) to convey a degree of verisimilitude. Examples of this include alien dialogue in comic strips, animated cartoons, and graphic novels (such as Alan Moore's The League of Extraordinary Gentlemen, and the Valérian and Laureline series). The script in Luigi Serafini's 1981 Codex Seraphinianus was confirmed by the author to have