brought. The cups in Ægir's hall were always full, magically refilling themselves when emptied. Ægir had two servants in his hall to assist him; Eldir [Fire-Kindler] and Fimafeng [Handy]. In Nart sagas, Satanaya (Ubykh , Adyghe , Ossetian ), the mother of the Narts, a fertility figure and matriarch, invented beer. Recent Irish Mythology attributes the invention of beer to fabled Irishman Charlie Mops Etymology The word beer comes from old Germanic languages, and is with variations used in continental Germanic languages, bier in German and Dutch, but not in Nordic languages. The word was imported into the British Isles by tribes such as the Saxons. It is disputed where the word originally comes from. Many other languages have borrowed the Dutch/German word, such as French bière, Italian birra, Romanian "bere" and Turkish bira. The Nordic languages have öl/øl, related to the English word ale. Spanish, Portuguese and Catalan have words that evolved from Latin cervisia, originally of Celtic origin. Slavic languages use pivo with small variations, based on a pre-Slavic word meaning "drink" and derived from the verb meaning "to drink". Chuvash "pora" its r-Turkic counterpart, which may ultimately be the source of the Germanic beer-word. See also Alewife Food history Jofroi of Waterford, a Paris-based Dominican who about 1300 wrote a catalogue of all the known wines and ales of Europe, describing them with great relish, and recommending them to academics and counselors. Sahti Women in brewing References Bibliography Apps, Jerry. Breweries of Wisconsin (University of Wisconsin Press, 2005). Arnold, John Paul. Origin and History of Beer and Brewing: From Prehistoric Times to the Beginning of Brewing Science and Technology: a Critical Essay (1911; reprint BeerBooks, 2005). . Arnold, John P. 1911. Origin and History of Beer and Brewing: From Prehistoric Times to the Beginning of Brewing Science and Technology. Chicago: Alumni Association of the Wahl-Henius Institute of Fermentology. Benn, Charles. 2002. China's Golden Age: Everyday Life in the Tang Dynasty. Oxford University Press. . Corran, Henry Stanley. A history of brewing (London: David & Charles, 1975). Eames, Alan D. 1995. Secret Life of Beer: Legends, Lore & Little-Known Facts Pownat, VT: Storey Communications. Elzinga, Kenneth G., Carol Horton Tremblay, and Victor J. Tremblay. "Craft beer in the United States: History, numbers, and geography." Journal of Wine Economics 10.3 (2015): 242-274. online Fahey, David M. "Old-Time Breweries: Academic and Breweriana Historians," Ohio History Volume 116#1, 2009, pp. 101–121;