in the early 1990s saw the use of 'prepared variations' of whole-board openings, in a way not seen before. Contemporary ideas Contemporary Go opening strategy is more complicated than the old corner opening/whole-board opening distinction suggests. The 4-4 point is used by professionals in about 70% of corners. Corner openings for the 4-4 point are still being developed, but it is more accurate to say that almost all contemporary opening theory is implicated in the patterns around the 4-4 point. Fuseki The Japanese term fuseki is sometimes taken as synonymous with 'whole-board strategy'. More accurately, it means the 'scattering' or thin distribution of stones that occurs in the early part of the game. In the game of Go, opening theory is the strategy of where, why, in what order, and in what shapes the first several moves are played in Go opening. The middle game typically begins once the basic foundational areas called frameworks are established and "fighting" begins. The opening is conceptually and traditionally divided for study into the sequences that are whole board openings and those that are corner openings. Each type constitutes a series of plays which have been studied for their balance (with the other) as well as for countermoves. For a standard board, the most basic single concept for the opening is that plays in the corners are more efficient for making territory than plays on the sides or in the center. Only a relatively small proportion of openings have a recognised name. These include the Three stars opening (sanrensei), Two stars opening (nirensei), "Pinwheel" or Shusaku opening and Chinese opening (Chinese fuseki). To be more precise, these are names for the moyo (framework) formations which Black makes on one side of the board. Since White has a choice of perhaps two dozen legitimate variations on the other side, these are in fact large complexes of openings. The Chinese opening has an intricate history. According to several historical accounts (both Chinese and Japanese), it was actually first developed by Japanese players, but later was heavily researched and developed by Chinese players. It was very popular from about 1970 onwards, and has by Go standards a thoroughly-researched theory. Jōseki Joseki are "sequences" of moves which have been played and documented in high-level play, and studied and deemed as consisting of optimal (balanced) moves for both sides. Joseki is a Japanese word (定石) (Korean jeongseok), where jo