or : (Nepos) 'Pausanias began to beg him not to tell anyone or to betray him' If a positive command follows a negative, it begins with or or : (Nepos) 'he should not keep their greatest enemy with him, but he should surrender him to them' In longer passages of , where there is no introductory verb, can be omitted: (Nepos) 'they themselves should arrest him, if they could' Verbs of will The accusative and infinitive construction can be used after verbs of will, such as 'I want' and 'I prefer', but mainly when the person has no power over the action: (Horace) 'you want me to weep' (Nepos) 'he preferred to be loved than to be feared' Verbs of will can also take the subjunctive in the same way as an indirect command. With the verb the conjunction can be omitted: (Cicero) 'I want you to have those compositions' Wishes, hopes and fears The sentence which is made indirect can be a wish, e.g. "may it (not) happen!" This is expressed in sentences like those below. Wishes The thought that is made indirect can be a wish, e.g. 'may it happen!' or 'if only it had happened!'. If the wish is for something which is impossible, the main verb becomes the imperfect subjunctive , followed by the imperfect or pluperfect subjunctive: (Cicero) 'I wish Panaetius could be here' (Cicero) 'I wish you had invited me to dinner' However, if the wish can still be true, the present subjunctive is used, followed by the present subjunctive: (Cicero) 'I wish it had been true about Menedemus; I hope it may be true about the queen' Hopes The verb 'I hope' is generally followed by an accusative and infinitive construction. The following sentence has the future infinitive followed by and the subjunctive: (Cicero). 'I hope that that will happen to us' However, a present or perfect infinitive is also possible: (Cicero) 'I hope you are passing a pleasant winter there' (Augustus) 'I hope you celebrated my 64th birthday in good health and spirits' Fears Verbs of fearing such as , , and 'I am afraid' are generally followed by with the subjunctive: (Ovid) 'he became afraid in case by chance the sacred air might burst into flames from so many fires' For a negative fear, can be used: (Cicero) 'I am afraid that I might not be granted my request' Another possibility