found George's arrangement to accord fairly closely with their inferred cladogram, so sought to publish a taxonomic arrangement that reflected their phylogeny whilst being minimally disruptive to the then-current arrangement. They accepted both of George's subgenera prior to the analysis, using each as an outgroup in the analysis of the other. Thus their analysis yielded little information about the circumscription and placement of B. subg. Banksia. They did find, however, that the subgenus was not monophyletic unless B. elegans (Elegant Banksia) was excluded. They ended up listing B. elegans and five other species as incertae sedis, but otherwise maintained George's circumscription of the subgenus. In Thiele and Ladiges' taxonomic arrangement of Banksia, B. subg. Banksia is divided into twelve series. Its placement and circumscription may be summarised as follows: Banksia B. subg. Isostylis (three species) B. elegans (incertae sedis) B. subg. Banksia B. ser. Tetragonae B. elderiana B. lemanniana B. caleyi B. aculeata B. ser. Lindleyanae B. lindleyana B. ser. Banksia B. subser. Banksia B. ornata B. serrata B. aemula B. subser. Cratistylis B. candolleana B. sceptrum B. baxteri B. speciosa B. menziesii B. burdettii B. victoriae B. hookeriana B. prionotes B. baueri (incertae sedis) B. lullfitzii (incertae sedis) B. attenuata (incertae sedis) B. ashbyi (incertae sedis) B. coccinea (incertae sedis) B. ser. Prostratae B. petiolaris B. repens B. chamaephyton B. blechnifolia B. hiemalis (now B. gardneri var. hiemalis) B. gardneri B. brevidentata (now B. gardneri var. brevidentata) B. goodii B. ser. Cyrtostylis B. pilostylis B. media B. epica B. praemorsa B. ser. Ochraceae B. benthamiana B. audax B. laevigata B. laevigata subsp. laevigata B. laevigata subsp. fuscolutea B. ser. Grandes B. grandis B. solandri B. ser. Salicinae B. subser. Acclives B. oblongifolia B. plagiocarpa B. robur B. dentata B. subser. Integrifoliae B. marginata B. conferta B. penicillata (now B. conferta subsp. penicillata) B. paludosa B. canei B. saxicola B. integrifolia B. integrifolia subsp. integrifolia B. integrifolia subsp. monticola B. integrifolia subsp. compar B. integrifolia subsp. aquilonia (now B. aquilonia) B. ser. Spicigerae Banksia subser. Spinulosae B. spinulosa B. spinulosa var. spinulosa B. spinulosa var. collina B. spinulosa var. cunninghamii B. spinulosa var. neoanglica B. subser. Ericifoliae B. ericifolia B. ericifolia var. ericifolia B. ericifolia var. macrantha B. subser. Occidentales B. occidentalis B. brownii B. seminuda B. verticillata B. littoralis B. ser. Quercinae B. quercifolia B. oreophila B. ser. Dryandroideae B. dryandroides B. ser. Abietinae B. subser. Nutantes B. nutans