wide network of correspondents and readers. Bezbozhnik appeared first in December 1922, and the following year a Moscow monthly for industrial workers Bezbozhnik u Stanka (The Godless at the Work-Bench, also known as "Bezbust") formed the like-minded Moscow Society of the Godless in August 1924. In November 1924, the Anti-Religious Commission of the All-Union Communist Party (b), and in December, the Organizing Bureau of the Central Committee supported the project of creating an all-Union godless society. A special commission was set up to prepare for the congress of atheists. The first congress of the organization, which took place in April 1925, decided to create a single all-union anti-religious society, called the "Union of Atheists". Well known members of the Communist Party and Old Bolsheviks such as Nadezhda Krupskaya, Anatoly Lunacharsky, Pyotr Krasikov, Ivan Skvortsov-Stepanov, Vladimir Bonch-Bruyevich, Nikolai Bukharin and others participated in the foundation of the organization and Yemelyan Yaroslavsky was elected chairman. In addition to the newspaper Bezbozhnik, the Central Soviet of the League of Militant Atheists published the illustrated magazine Bezbozhnik and the scientific and methodological journal Antireligioznik. The scientific society "Ateist" arose in 1921 in Moscow. It published the magazine Ateist from 1923 to 1931. This magazine published mainly works translated from foreign languages. Since 1931, the magazine Voinstvuiuschii ateizm, a periodical of the Central Soviet of the League of Militant Atheists, began to be published. Along with periodicals in Russian, the League of Militant Atheists published periodicals in other languages: "Bezvirnik" () − in Ukrainian, "Xudasizlar" (; − transcription: "Khudasyzlyar") − in Uzbek "Fen-em-Din" ( ) − in Tatar "Der Apikoires" () - in Yiddish "Anastvats" () – in Armenian "Das Neuland" − in German "Erdem ba Shazhan" () – in Buryat "Mebrdzoli Ateisti" () – in Georgian "Bezbożnik wojujący" – in Polish "Allahsyz" () – in Azerbaijani "Allakhyz" () – in Bashkir By 1932, 10 anti-religious newspapers and 23 anti-religious magazines were published in the USSR. The Moscow group tended to support the leftist side of the debate on how to destroy religion (i.e. in favour of attacking religion in all of its forms rather than moderation), and in 1924 it attacked Yaroslavsky, Anatoly Lunacharsky and Vladimir Bonch-Bruyevich for differentiation between different religions, instead of genuine godlessness. It accused Yaroslavsky of attacking only the clergy rather than religion in general. Yaroslavsky protested this and affirmed that all religions were enemies of socialism including the Renovationist