(in the U.S.) Doctor of Laws (LLD) Management: Doctor of Business Administration (DBA, DrBA) Doctor of Management (DMgt, DM) Master of Public Affairs (MPA) Master of Project Management (MPM) Doctor of Public Administration (DPA) Doctor of Economic Development (DED) Religion: Doctor of Divinity (D.D.) Doctor of Ministry (D.Min.) Doctor of Sacred Theology (S.T.D.) Doctor of Theology (Th.D. or D.Th.) Science and Engineering: Doctor rerum naturalium (Dr. rer. nat.) Doctor of Computer Science (DSc.Comp, DCS, D.C.Sc.) Doctor of Engineering (Dr.-Ing./DEng/Dr. Eng./EngD) Doctor of Science (Sc.D., D.Sc., S.D., or D.S.) Social Science: Doctor of Criminal Justice (DCJ) is a professional doctorate (terminal degree) that is awarded on the basis of advanced study and research in the field of criminal justice. Structurally, the Doctor of Criminal Justice differs from the Ph.D. in that the DCJ has, as noted above, at least a three year duration, with only one year equivalent on the dissertation, while an American Ph.D. in criminal justice would normally require a minimum of four years, with at least two years spent on the dissertation. The Doctor of Criminal Justice (DCJ) prepares the holder for research and academic positions. It also prepares the holder for professional positions in the American criminal justice system. Technology: Doctor of Information Technology (DIT) Master of Library and Information Science (MLIS, MLS, MSLS) (Given in the US, by an ALA accredited school or program.) Professional degrees A professional degree is a degree that is required, often by law as in the case of medical and other clinical professions, that must be earned first before the holder of the degree can practice in the profession. A speech-language pathologist, for example, must hold a master's degree in communicative disorders: speech-language pathology in order to practice. However, an actor does not need a degree to act, even though there are degrees for acting available. In some fields, especially those linked to a profession (such as medicine, law or teaching), a distinction is to be drawn between a professional degree, an advanced degree and terminal degree. A first professional degree is generally required by law or custom to practice the profession without limitation. An advanced professional degree provides further training in a specialized area of the profession. A first professional degree is an academic degree designed to prepare the holder for a particular career or profession, fields in which scholarly research and academic activity are not the profession, but rather