Activist groups. In a series of studies, they found that the proprietors of the cross-ownerships in their study permitted their media outlets to publish and broadcast a diversity of viewpoints. What is more, the slant of news and opinion in non-cross-owned media was not significantly different from that of cross-owned media. At least in the context of newspaper-broadcast cross-ownership, such findings undermine the premise that each media owner constitutes a single voice on important subjects such as presidential elections. Daniel Ho and Kevin Quinn wrote an article in the Federal Communications Law Journal showing that consolidation of the media industry is not the danger many report it to be. Their results show stability in viewpoints for three conglomerate acquisitions. "In short, consolidation does not inexorably lead to convergence or divergence. Our article purposely adopts a broad view of empirical inquiry as encompassing both quantitative and qualitative research." Following court cases Supreme Court Following the decision of the Third Court of Appeals against them, the FCC and the United States filed for the case to be heard by Supreme Court. Federal Communications Commission and United States, Petitioners v. Prometheus Radio Project, et al. (No. 04-1168.) was decided on June 13, 2005. The petition for writ of certiorari to the US Court of Appeals for the Third Circuit was denied. The Supreme Court was made up of Justices Rehnquist, Stevens, O'Connor, Scalia, Kennedy, Souter, Thomas, Ginsburg, and Breyer at the time. Judge Breyer, however, did not take part in the decision or consideration of the petition. Subsequent appeals After the decision of the case, the FCC reevaluated all of the points that had been remanded. Following tweaks and modifications, along with justifying certain elements they had previously made, they returned to court to have the stay lifted. In 2009, the Third Court of Appeals revisited the case on April 14 (Nos. 08-3078 et al.) With judges Scirica, Ambro, and Fuentes once again on the bench, the court granted the foregoing motion to hold cases in abeyance pending further order of the Court. The opinion was issued by Chief Judge Scirica, and ordered the parties to show cause within twenty-one days why the stay that was ordered by the court in the original case, as well as the 2004 main case, should not be lifted. The parties were ordered to electronically submit briefs to make their case. On June 12 the court reconvened