radio covering the mediumwave (AM radio) band can be used for DX purposes, serious DXers generally invest in a higher-quality receiver, and often a specialised indoor tuned box loop or outdoor longwire antenna. At the lower end of the spectrum, a portable radio with a larger-than-normal internal ferrite core antenna designed for long-distance AM radio reception may be used, such as the discontinued GE Superadio, CC Radio, or the Panasonic RF-2200. The Sony ICF-SW7600G and the newer GR model are also excellent for budget minded MW dxing. More serious DXers may spend much more for a tabletop shortwave communications receiver with good performance on the lower mediumwave frequencies using an external antenna, such as the AOR 7030+, Drake R8/R8A/R8B, Icom R-75, or Palstar R-30. Various models by Hallicrafters, Hammarlund and even home-made models from Heathkit have been popular. In recent years, software-defined radios have become more popular for mediumwave DX. Radios like the Microtelecom Perseus and the Elad FDM-S2 can record the entire mediumwave band to a computer hard drive, which can then be played back and tuned later. With any such receiver, a high-performance loop antenna may be employed, or in the alternative, one or more outdoor longwire Beverage antennas, sometimes many hundreds of meters long. In order to cancel out reception of unwanted stations, some DX listeners employ elaborate phased arrays of multiple Beverage antennas. For trans-Atlantic or trans-Pacific reception, where the target station is on a 9 kHz rather than a 10 kHz multiple or vice versa, receivers with narrow RF filters are useful in rejecting adjacent broadcasts on the listener's own continent. To combat noise, DXers may use an outboard noise attenuation device, or a radio with built-in digital signal processing capabilities. A personal computer with specialized logging software or simply a paper notebook is used to write logs. Recording devices can be used to archive memorable DX moments, or identify hard-to-hear station receptions after the fact. See also AM broadcasting Border blaster Clear-channel station DX communication DX station Ionosphere Skywave List of European medium wave transmitters Medium wave Radio propagation Shortwave radio TV-FM DX References External links An Introduction to Long Distance Medium Wave Listening World Radio TV Handbook - The Bible of International Broadcasting The Medium Wave Circle - The premier club for MW/LW radio enthusiasts DXing.info - News, reports, sound files and logs Hard Core DX National Radio Club Mediumwave Info MWLIST worldwide