present subjunctive after can refer to a future event (see examples below). When the verb of speaking is in a historic tense, the imperfect subjunctive is used: (Cicero) 'he asked where the letter was from' (Curtius) 'nor did the Persians doubt that the Macedonians were fleeing.' Deliberative subjunctive A present or imperfect subjunctive can also represent a deliberative subjunctive ('what are we to do?') in direct speech: (Caesar) 'nor was it very clear what they ought to do' Earlier event or situation In indirect questions, after a primary tense verb, an event earlier than the verb of speaking is usually represented by the perfect subjunctive: (Cicero) 'you ask what military service he has seen.' With the perfect subjunctive in indirect questions there is sometimes some ambiguity, since this tense can also represent an imperfect or pluperfect tense of direct speech: (Cicero) 'we do not yet know what the ambassadors have done' (or 'were doing', or 'did', or 'had done') When the introductory verb is in a historic tense, the pluperfect subjunctive is used: (Cicero) 'yesterday I was wondering what had happened' (Cicero) 'we were sure that you had already reached Brundisium' The pluperfect subjunctive can also be a reflection of an original imperfect tense. In the following example, according to Woodcock, the original verbs would have been and : (Livy) '[he said] that they begged just one favour, that they should be not assigned lower ranks than those which they had held when they were serving in the army' In the following examples, in the second verb the 'double' perfect subjunctive passive made with is used, to refer to an earlier situation than the time of the first verb: (Livy) 'whether this was noticed too late, or whether some trick was (already) suspected, is unknown' (Livy) 'whether they did this of their own accord or whether it was because they already had instructions to do so is not certain' Later event or situation In an indirect question referring to an event or situation later than the main verb, the future participle is combined with the present subjunctive of : (Cicero) 'it is uncertain what he is going to do' (Cicero) 'I am sure that I am going to like it' (viz. your play) (Cicero) 'I am sure that you will be granted your request.' After a historic verb, changes to the imperfect : (Cicero) 'he warned Crassus what would happen,