his novels, Pramoedya Ananta Toer pointed to the exclusively the aristocratic and male composition of Budi Utomo. Ariel Heryanto questions the nationalism of Budi Utomo, given that its existence was permitted by the Dutch regime: "Because of [Budi Utomo's] remarkably conservative character, the Dutch colonial administration tolerated [it]." Heryanto points to a "more populist and egalitarian" Muslim association (Sarekat Dagang Islamiyah), born a few years prior, as a more genuinely nationalist organization—one which was banned by the Dutch. In enshrining Budi Utomo as the first nationalist organization, the current government reiterates a colonial version of Indonesian history. Legacy The birth of Budi Utomo on 20 May 1908 has been officially commemorated as the Day of National Awakening in Indonesia since 1948. The Museum of National Awakening in Jakarta, dedicated to the Indonesian National Awakening, is housed in a former STOVIA building related to the birth of Budi Utomo. Initially four museums, including a museum to Budi Utomo and a museum to health and medicine, on 7 February 1984, these topical museums were consolidated into the Museum of National Awakening. Notes References External links Peter Lowensteyn, "Indonesia Between 1908 and 1928: New Nationalism" Dutch East Indies Indonesian National Awakening 1908 establishments in the Dutch East Indies Organizations established in 1908