tsar and strengthening his power at court. Her father, additionally, was made boyar and became one of the most influential power holders at court, making the Miloslavsky family a key power clan at the Russian court during Maria's tenure as tsaritsa. Tsaritsa The marriage between tsar Alexis of Russia and tsaritsa Maria Miloslavskaya is described as a happy one. During the Moscow uprising of 1648, which followed the wedding, she evacuated with the tsar to Kolomenskoye. Tsaritsa Maria was described as beautiful, but there was also a rumor that Maria was a witch with a goat foot who could master sorcery. In contemporary Moscovian Russia, the role of the tsaritsa was semi-public; all Russian noblewomen were expected to live their lives in seclusion, with as little contact with men as possible. Russian noblewomen did not socialize with male guests in their home, only meeting them for a ceremonial welcome before retiring without socializing with them; they traveled in covered sleighs and carriages when outside, and even the royal women, when visiting the church or participating in official processions, only did so covered by screens. Despite this, however, the tsaritsa was expected to embody an ideal of female Orthodox devotion and, outside of her religious duties, manage the affairs of the court staff and participate in public charitable and religious activity. Tsaritsa Maria fulfilled her expected role both in regard to charity and religion. She engaged in charity public donations to the Moscow city hospitals for the poor sick and disabled, and supported the work of Fyodor Rtishchev. She acted as the protector of the cult of Mary of Egypt, and favored the Sretensky Monastery (Moscow). In 1651–1652, she commissioned an icon to the monastery. The saint favored by Maria was eventually to be regarded as a patron saint of the Romanov dynasty. She also benefited the Trinity Monastery Optina (Bolhov). In 1654 and 1660, she gave audience to the Georgian queen Yelena Leonovna in the Golden Room. As the tsar was away at the time of the Moscow Plague of 1654–55, Maria took over and organized the measures taken by city authorities, giving the city officials order by correspondence so as not to break her seclusion, and herself evacuated with her children and her court to Kalyazin Abbey. Maria died of the fever after having given birth, several months after her father. When she died, it was first believed that