did not seem competitive, much of the 11-hour difference was due to departures and arrivals around midnight for the Pennsylvania service, whereas many shippers did not send and receive shipments during the night and thus could accept a mid-evening departure and a mid-morning arrival, as the Alpha Jet service could provide. Alpha Jet service was de-emphasized in the late 1970s and eventually ended by the early 1980s as the WM was fully integrated into the Chessie System (B&O and C&O), later to become CSX, which was and remains a major competitor of the N&W, later Norfolk Southern. See also Railroads connecting New York City and Chicago References Tony Koester, Heart of the Nickel Plate, Trains, September 2003 Condensed Freight Schedules, Norfolk and Western Railway and Western Maryland Railway, The Official Guide of the Railways, monthly editions, 1965 to 1975. External links Western Maryland Railway Operations New York, Chicago and St. Louis Railroad Pittsburgh and West Virginia Railway Western Maryland Railway Reading Company Central Railroad of New Jersey Lehigh and Hudson River Railway New York, New Haven and Hartford Railroad