worker Sonny Hasnoe who worked with underprivileged children in disadvantaged neighbourhoods in Amsterdam. Many people of Surinamese origin lived in the city's Bijlmer district and were isolated from mainstream Dutch society. Hasnoe often found that he could engage the youngsters socially if they saw positive role models that had the same background as they did. He encouraged young boys to join football clubs and noted an improvement in their behaviour when they were playing sports as it gave them an opportunity to interact with their white contemporaries and so helped speed up the process of social integration. In 1986, Sonny Hasnoe organised the first match between a star selection of Surinamese Dutch professionals and SV Robinhood, champions of the domestic Surinamese competition. The match was a great success and further contests were arranged. The Colourful 11 were to play a match in Suriname in June 1989, however a number of players were denied permission to travel by their Dutch professional clubs. Among the players who stayed back as a result were Ruud Gullit, Frank Rijkaard, Aron Winter, Bryan Roy, Stanley Menzo, Dean Gorre, Jos Luhukay and Regi Blinker. A group of eighteen "second stringers" travelled to Suriname instead. Former Ajax players and Dutch internationals Henny Meijer and Stanley Menzo – who ignored his club's decree and went to Suriname on his own accord – had taken an earlier flight and were spared the fate of their teammates. Football players killed in the crash Ruud Degenaar, 25, Heracles Almelo Lloyd Doesburg, 29, AFC Ajax Steve van Dorpel, 23, FC Volendam Wendel Fräser, 22, RBC Roosendaal Frits Goodings, 25, FC Wageningen Jerry Haatrecht, 28, Neerlandia, was travelling in place of his brother Winston Haatrecht who had post-season duties with his club SC Heerenveen. Virgall Joemankhan, 20, Cercle Brugge Andro Knel, 21, NAC Breda Ruben Kogeldans, 22, Willem II Tilburg Ortwin Linger, 21, HFC Haarlem, died three days after the crash as a result of his injuries Fred Patrick, 23, PEC Zwolle Andy Scharmin, 21, FC Twente Elfried Veldman, 23, De Graafschap Florian Vijent, 27, Telstar Nick Stienstra, 34, RC Heemstede (coach) Football players who survived Sigi Lens, 25, Fortuna Sittard, would never be able to play football again due to a complicated pelvic fracture. Edu Nandlal, 25, Vitesse, suffered a partial spinal cord lesion, but eventually recovered and now walks with a limp. Radjin de Haan, 19, Telstar, would play again, but