to be more absolutist. Moreover, the absolutist perspective was associated with an emphasis on and preference for naval strategy (emanating from Alfred Thayer Mahan's theories of naval power) and strategy based on air power, which were both better suited to conflict in East Asia rather than Europe. In the Cold War period, adherents of both perspectives adapted to the new realities of nuclear warfare through a shared belief in nuclear deterrence, but diverged into competing sub-doctrines of "massive and graduated deterrence". Thus, absolutists tended to side with Gen. Macarthur's proposal to commence a strategic nuclear bombing of China during the Korean War in order to achieve absolute military victory, while pragmatists were more likely to support limited wars suitable to achieving political objectives. Books Dynamics of Prejudice: A Psychological and Sociological Study of Veterans, with Bruno Bettleheim (1950) The Professional Soldier(1960) Reprinted in 1971. The New Military; Changing Patterns of Organization (1964) Political Conflict: Essays in Political Sociology (1970) Social Control of the Welfare State (1976) The Last Half-Century: Societal Change and Politics in America (1978) Mobility, Subjective Deprivation and Ethnic Hostility (1980) The Reconstruction of Patriotism: Education for Civic Consciousness (1983) On Social Organization and Social Control (1991) Prominent Students David R. Segal James B. Jacobs James Burk Mayer Zald Andrew Abbott Sam C. Sarkesian Further reading Janowitz, Morris and Charles C. Moskos, Jr."Racial Composition in the All-Volunteer Force." Armed Forces & Society, Oct 1974; vol. 1: pp. 109–123.http://afs.sagepub.com/cgi/reprint/1/1/109 Janowitz, Morris and Charles C. Moskos, Jr."Five Years of the All-Volunteer Force: 1973-1978." Armed Forces & Society, Jan 1979; vol. 5: pp. 171–218.http://afs.sagepub.com/cgi/reprint/5/2/171 Janowitz, Morris."From Institutional to Occupational: The Need for Conceptual Continuity." Armed Forces & Society, Oct 1977; vol. 4: pp. 51–54.http://afs.sagepub.com/cgi/reprint/4/1/51 Janowitz, Morris."Military Institutions and Citizenship in Western Societies." Armed Forces & Society, Jan 1976: vol. 2: pp. 185–204.http://afs.sagepub.com/cgi/reprint/2/2/185 References New York University alumni American people of Polish-Jewish descent Eastside High School (Paterson, New Jersey) alumni Jewish American social scientists University of Chicago faculty People from Paterson, New Jersey American sociologists Jewish philosophers 1988 deaths 1919 births Fellows of the American Academy of Arts and Sciences University of Michigan faculty University of Chicago alumni Academics of the University of Cambridge Social Science Research Council 20th-century American philosophers 20th-century American Jews