(Joe) Deshotel (Beaumont) Dawnna M. Dukes (Austin) James R. (Jim) Dunnam (Waco) A. Craig Eiland (Galveston) Dan Ellis (Huntsville) Juan M. Escobar (Kingsville) David L. Farabee (Wichita Falls) Jessica Cristina Farrar (Houston) Pete P. Gallego (Alpine) Timoteo Garza (Eagle Pass) Ryan Guillen (Rio Grande City) L. Scott Hochberg (Houston) Gladys E. (Terri) Hodge (Dallas) Mark S. Homer (Paris) Charles L. Hopson 2d (Jacksonville) Jesse W. Jones (Dallas) James E. (Pete) Laney (Hale Center) John P. Mabry, Jr. (Waco) F.F. (Trey) Martinez Fischer 3d (San Antonio) Ruth Jones McClendon (San Antonio) James M. (Jim) McReynolds (Lufkin) José A. Menéndez (San Antonio) Joe E. Moreno (Houston) Paul C. Moreno (El Paso) Elliott Naishtat (Austin) Richard J. (Rick) Noriega (Houston) Rene O. Oliveira (Brownsville) Dora F. Olivo (Missouri City) L. Aaron Peña, Jr. (Edinburg) Joseph C. (Joe) Pickett (El Paso) Robert R. Puente (San Antonio) Inocente (Chente) Quintanilla (Tornillo) Richard E. Raymond (Laredo) Allan B. Ritter (Nederland) Eduardo R. (Eddie) Rodriguez (Austin) Patrick M. Rose (Dripping Springs) José S. (Jim) Solis (Harlingen) Barry B. Telford (DeKalb) Senfronia P. Thompson (Houston) Carlos I. Uresti (San Antonio) Michael U. Villarreal (San Antonio) Miguel D. Wise, Jr. (Weslaco) Steven D. Wolens (Dallas) Gonzalo Barrientos (Austin) Rodney Ellis (Houston) Mario Gallegos (Houston) Juan "Chuy" Hinojosa (McAllen) Eddie Lucio, Jr. (Brownsville) Frank Madla (San Antonio) Eliot Shapleigh (El Paso) Leticia Van de Putte (San Antonio) Royce West (Dallas) John Whitmire (Houston) Judith Zaffirini (Laredo) Justice Department review At the time of the 2003 redistricting, Texas was under the pre-clearance requirements of Section 5 of the Voting Rights Act of 1965. The State of Texas obtained pre-clearance from the US Department of Justice for its 2003 congressional redistricting plan. But in December 2005, The Washington Post reported, "Justice Department lawyers concluded that the landmark Texas congressional redistricting plan spearheaded by Rep. Tom DeLay violated the Voting Rights Act, according to a previously undisclosed memo," uncovered by the newspaper. The document, endorsed by six Justice Department attorneys, said [T]he redistricting plan illegally diluted black and Hispanic voting power in two congressional districts ... The State of Texas has not met its burden in showing that the proposed congressional redistricting plan does not have a discriminatory effect. In addition, according to the Post, Justice Department lawyers "found that Republican lawmakers and state officials who helped craft the proposal were aware it posed a high risk of being ruled discriminatory compared with