Haymarket Square is the historic name of a former town square in Boston, located between the North End, Government Center, the Bulfinch Triangle, and the West End. The square was a well-known feature of Boston from the mid-19th century to the mid-20th century, when the buildings around it were demolished to make way for the Central Artery and Government Center. The Haymarket produce market continues to operate at a location near the historic site of the square. The Haymarket MBTA station extends under the former site of the square. 17th and 18th centuries: Mill Cove to Mill Pond During the early years of European settlement, the future site of Haymarket Square was in a part of Boston Harbor called Mill Cove. The cove (not labeled) appears to the southwest of Mill Hill (later renamed Copp's Hill) on the 1645 map. The mouth of Mill Cove was dammed in the 1640s, turning it into Mill Pond. Several mills and rum distilleries, powered by tidal water flows, were built on the shores of the pond. The future location of Haymarket was just north of the "Water Mill" shown on the 1743 map. 19th century: creation of the square Mill Pond was cut off from most water flows by the mill dam, and was used as a waste dumping site by neighboring homes and businesses. The polluted water was regarded as a source of disease. At the same time, population growth led town officials to look for ways to increase the supply of buildable land. In 1807, the town of Boston gave the Boston Mill Corporation (under the leadership of William Tudor and Harrison Gray Otis,) permission to begin filling in the pond. A street plan for the filled land was proposed in 1808 by Charles Bulfinch. Filling of the pond to create the area now known as the Bulfinch Triangle was completed in 1828. The fill material was obtained by cutting down a portion of Beacon Hill. The future location of Haymarket Square, where Merrimack, Canal, and Charleston Streets converged at the southern tip of the Bulfinch Triangle, appears on an 1826 map. Maps from as early as 1814 show a market at the intersection of Merrimack, Canal, and Charlestown Streets. The name "Haymarket Square" appears on an 1844 map. No earlier map on the City of Boston atlas includes the name. A drawing published in 1895 entitled "View of the New