The most important cities were: Mukden: Population 339,000 Dairen: 203,000 or 555,562 or 661,000 or 766,000 or 400,000 Ryojun: 1,371,000 Harbin: 250,000 or 405,000 Andong: 92,000, 315,242 or 360,000 Xinjing: 126,000 or 544,202 Jilin: 119,000, 173,624 or 512,000 Qiqihar: 75,000 or 537,000 Fushum: 269,919 or 754,000 Anshan: 213,865 or 100,000 Niuzhuang: 119,000 or 158,000 Mudanjiang: 100,000 Kiamuzse: 100,000 Liaoyang: 100,000 Penki: 530,000 Hailar: Another table mentioned this: Xinjing: 415,000 Mukden: 863,000 Lushun (Dairen): 550,000 Transport The Japanese constructed of roads. They also founded a local airline which linked Dairen, Mukden, Harbin, and other points, with a hub in Hsinking. The Amur, Nonni, Yalu Liao and Sungari rivers served regular cabotage boats and transport vessels in the West and Northwest. Hsingan Province commonly used camels in commerce between it and Meng Chiang and Soviet Outer Mongolia. The principal railway lines were the East Chinese Railway, constructed by Russia and expanded by Japan, and Beijing-Mukden railway with Railway Centers in Mukden and Harbin. The South Manchurian Railway Company resembled the Canadian Pacific Railway in that it was more than a railroad. In 1931 it invested 27% of capital in coal in Fushum, 3% Anshan iron factory, 8% in Dairen and Ryoujun ports in Kantoshu, with other lesser investments in Yamato Hotel, Tuitsuike Hotel in Tangkatzu spa, merchant and fishing vessels, electricity power plants, local institutions, schools, research institutes for farming, geology, and mining, sanitation and medical, public services, public architecture, etc. The Japanese government provided most of the funds with the rest provided by private Japanese, Chinese, and Manchu investors. In 1935 Manchukuo contained of active railways. 80% were classified as "State railways", with owned by the private Manchuria Railway, and the remaining owned by North Manchuria Railway. In 1932 the government planned the construction of of roads in ten years, completing only with the intent of promoting public bus transport. The important commercial ports were Ryojun and Dairen. Other ports include Andong, Niuzhuang, Huludao. In the Japan Sea area were the ports of Yuki, Rashin and Seishin. Minerals The most important mining products are coal and iron in Fushum and Fusin. Fushum and Fusin also contain deposits of oil-rich slate and schists. Abundant gold deposits exist in the Greater Khingan Mountains and Amur River. Other minerals include: asbestos, antimony, bauxite, calize, copper, gold, lead, lime, magnesite, manganese, pyrite, marble, salt, soda, silver, sulphur, tar, tin, tungsten, zinc, etc. Coal The principal