nonverbal test used to assess intelligence. The creator of the KCIT, Howard A. Knox, described the test as: "Four 1-inch [black] cubes, 4 inches apart, are fastened to a piece of thin boarding. The movements and tapping are done with a smaller cube. The operator moves the cube from left to right facing the subject, and after completing each movement, the latter is asked to do likewise. Line a is tried first, then b, and so on to e. Three trials are given if necessary on lines a, b, c, and d, and five trials if needed on line e. To obtain the correct perspective the subject should be two feet from the cubes. The movements of the operator should be slow and deliberate." Modern Language Aptitude Test Multiple choice: The style of multiple choice examination was expanded upon in 1934 when IBM introduced a "test scoring machine" that electronically sensed the location of lead pencil marks on a scanning sheet. This further increased the efficiency of scoring multiple-choice items and created a large-scale educational testing method. Pimsleur Language Aptitude Battery: Grade levels: 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12 Proficiency level: Beginner Intended test use: placement, admission, fulfilling a requirement, aptitude Skills tested: listening, grammar, vocabulary Test length: 50–60 minutes Test materials: reusable test booklet, consumable answer sheet, consumable performance chart and report to parents, test administrator manual, audio CD, scoring stencil for test administrator Test format: multiple choice Scoring method: number correct Results reported: percentile, raw score Administered by: trained testers, classroom teachers, school administrators Administration time period: prior to foreign language study, at discretion of guidance counselor, school psychologist, or other administration Porteus Maze test: a supplement to the Stanford-Binet Intelligence Test. PMT performance seems to be a valid indicator of planning and behavioral disinhibition across socioeconomic status and culture, can be administered without the use of language, and is inexpensive. The PMT also have a relatively short administration time of 10–15 minutes. Consensus based assessment Knowledge organization: Features Ranganathan's PMEST formula: Personality, Matter, Energy, Space and Time, consisting of five fundamental categories- the arrangement of which is used to establish the facet order. Knowledge hierarchies Memory Iconic memory Long-term memory Short-term memory Semantic memory Episodic memory Visual short-term memory Working memory Self Intelligent self-assessment Rouge test Mirror test Metacognition The Sally–Anne test (The ability to attribute false beliefs to others): This test has been used in