has much red on crown C. r. canipileus, very bronzy back with red tinge, lightly barred yellow belly, male has much red on crown C. r. tucumanus, large, dull green and less bronzy back, whiter underparts with blackish barring Distribution and habitat The subspecies of the golden-olive woodpecker are found thus: C. r. yucatanensis, from Oaxaca and Veracruz in Mexico through Belize, Guatemala, Honduras, El Salvador, Nicaragua, and Costa Rica into western Panama C. r. alleni, Colombia's Sierra Nevada de Santa Marta and nearby C. r. buenavistae, the eastern Andes of Colombia and Ecuador C. r. meridensis, Venezuela's Serranía del Perijá, western Coastal Range, and Andes C. r. rubiginosus, north-central and northeastern Venezuelan mountains C. r. deltanus, northeastern Venezuela's Delta Amacuro state C. r. paraquensis, the tepuis of south-central Venezuela C. r. guianae, the tepuis of eastern Venezuela and western Guyana C. r. viridissimus, Auyán-tepui in southeastern Venezuela C. r. nigriceps, the Acarai Mountains of southern Guyana and southern Suriname C. r. trinitatis, Trinidad C. r. tobagensis, Tobago C. r. gularis, Colombia's Cordillera Occidental and Cordillera Central C. r. rubripileus, from southwestern Colombia through western Ecuador to Peru's Department of Lambayeque C. r. coloratus, from the Cordillera del Cóndor in extreme southeastern Ecuador into north-central Peru to Department of San Martín C. r. chrysogaster, between the departments of Huánuco and Cuzco in central Peru C. r. canipileus, from southern Peru into central and southeastern Bolivia C. r. tucumanus, from southern Bolivia south to Tucumán Province in Argentina The golden-olive woodpecker inhabits a very wide variety of landscapes, mostly semi-open to dense. They range from dry tropical thornscrub to humid rainforest. Between those extremes are cloudforest, oak-pine woodland, dry deciduous forest, riparian thickets, and mangroves. They are often also found along the edges of forest, in scattered trees within clearings, and in shade-grown coffee plantations. In elevation the species ranges from near sea level to in Mexico and between in Central America, from sea level to but usually between in Venezuela, between in Colombia, between in Argentina, and up to in Ecuador, Peru, and Bolivia. Behavior Movement As far as is known, the golden-olive woodpecker is a year-round resident throughout its range. Feeding The golden-olive woodpecker forages from the forest's mid level to the canopy, exploring the trunk, limbs, branches, and vines of large trees. It hunts by itself, in loose pairs, and as part of mixed species feeding flocks. It