di Savoia, Lord of Sassuolo; the marriage was without issue. Clelia died in 1613. The absence of scandal concerning her birth suggests that Cardinal Farnese was not yet in Holy Orders ca. 1555-1556. Death and monument: The Gesù Cardinal Alessandro Farnese wrote a will in 1580, and added codicils in 1585, but these were revoked and replaced by a new will, written on 22 June 1588, with codicils added in July and August. On 7 July 1588, the physician of the Duke of Urbino, Vincenzo Remosetti, was summoned to a consultation at the Farnese Palace at Caprarola, "per uno grande accidente di epilepsia", accompanied by severe respiratory problems. The Cardinal was gravely ill. He was subjected to the usual quackery, cautery and bleeding. He was attended by Msgr. Camillo Caetani, the brother of Cardinal Enrico Caetani, who kept his brother informed of Farnese's condition. On 13 August, the doctor had to return to Rome; he left the Cardinal restless and weak, and suffering from gout in his left arm. On 28 February 1589, he suffered an attack of some sort, perhaps a stroke. Cardinal Farnese died quietly of the effects of apoplexy in Rome on 2 March 1589, at the age of sixty eight . He was buried before the high altar in the Church of the Gesù. Forty-two cardinals participated in the funeral ceremonies. Above the main door of that church, on the interior side, is the famous inscription: commemorating the establishment of the Jesuit Order by Paul III in 1540, and the building of the Church of the Gesù for them through the generosity of Cardinal Farnese. The church, the work of Giacomo Vignola and Giacomo della Porta (1568-1575), is one of the great monuments of Counter-Reformation religious architecture. See also Onuphrius Panvinius (1529–1568), "de vita Pont. Pauli III," in B. Platina, Historia B. Platinae de vitis Pontificum Romanorum (Cologne: Josue Cholin 1600), 385-405. There is an Italian translation in: Storia delle vite de' Pontefici di Bartolommeo Platina e d' altri autori edizione novissima IV (Venezia: Domenico Ferrarin 1765), pp. 44–70. Stefan Bauer, The Invention of Papal History: Onofrio Panvinio between Renaissance and Catholic Reform (Oxford: Oxford University Press 2020). Lorenzo Cardella, Memorie de' Cardinali della Santa Romana Chiesa IV (Roma: Pagliarini 1793), pp. 136–140. Annibal Caro, Delle Lettere del Commendatore Annibal Caro scritte a nome del Cardinale Alessandro Farnese 3 volumes (Milano 1807). Ireneo Affò, La vita