episodes was one of those constructed for the first Dalek serial, The Daleks (1963–1964), while the one used at the end of the final episode had modified shoulder slats by Shawcraft Models. Several other set elements were borrowed from previous serials, such as the lecterns from The Sensorites (1964). The dummies in the third episode wore stock spacesuits from Quatermass II (1955). The visuals of the ray guns firing was achieved using a photographic flash. Casting and characters The script for the third episode was structured to omit the Doctor, as William Hartnell was scheduled to take a week's holiday. For the second episode, despite being in poor health, Hartnell insisted that Jeremy Bulloch grab him roughly to make the kidnap sequence look authentic. Maureen O'Brien felt uneasy working with Pinfield due to his old-fashioned approach, feeling that he did not provide sufficient direction to the cast. The Moroks were named for their moronic behaviour, and the name of their leader Lobos is derived from the word "lobotomy". The Xeron actors wore fake eyebrows, with make-up covering their own eyebrows; the fake eyebrows often fell off. Filming Early 35mm filming took place on 11 March 1965 at the BBC Television Film Studios, requiring few shots, including Vicki dropping the glass, and some panning and model sequences; for the former, O'Brien was released from rehearsals of "The Knight of Jaffa", the second episode of The Crusade. Rehearsals for the first episode began on 29 March at the London Transport Assembly Rooms at Wood Green. Weekly recording began on 2 April 1965 in Studio 4 at the BBC Television Centre; this was a temporary move from Riverside Studios. Jones attended the recording of the serial. During camera rehearsals for the first episode, the Cambridge University Boat Club visited the set and took an interest in the Dalek prop; they were visiting the Television Centre as it was the day before their annual rowing event, the 111th Boat Race. The shots in which the characters phase through objects were achieved by superimposing the image onto the set. The cutaway shots of the main cast standing motionless in display cases were filmed separately; Brian Proudfoot stood in as Hartnell's double, as he had done in The Reign of Terror (1964). Due to the complexity of the out-of-sequence recording, the first episode required a second editing session. The final episode was recorded on 23 April