and starved, sent across Volga to buy food. 1560: tried to attack Crimea, blocked by Kazy Mirza Söyembikä of Kazan, daughter of Yosuf, widow of Kazan Khan, Moscow's captive Arslan Mirza, son of Kuchum, killed Yosuf, Keikuvat under Ismael Kazi Mirza (died 1577): son of Mamay. 1551: near Jaxartes. 1555: Nureddin under Ismael. circa 1557: broke with Ismael when Ismael appoints Tin Ahmed his successor. Fled to Kuban, founding Small Horde. 1577: killed in war with Kabardians Tin Ahmad (1564–1579): 1577 said to support raids on Moscow Urus Khan Nogai (1579–1590): 1581 with Crimean Tatars attacked Moscow's frontiers. Killed in battle against the Small Horde Ur Muhamed Khan (1590–1597) Tin Muhamed (1597–1600) Isterek (1600–1618): 1600: was installed by Russians at Astrakhan. 1613: was attacked by Kalmyks, fled to Caucasus, then Azov Sea region. Swore allegiance to both Russians and Turks, then made alliance with Poland, and received ambassadors from Persia, refused to be vassal of Crimea. 1616: was attacked by Crimea, sought Russian protection at Astrakhan. 1618: died under questionable circumstances Kanai Khan (1622–1634) See also Turkic peoples List of Turkic dynasties and countries List of Turkic states and empires List of Sunni Muslim dynasties Notes References Khodarkovsky, Michael. Russia's Steppe Frontier, 2004 Related books by Willard Sunderland (Taming the Wild Field), Alan W Fisher (Crimean Tatars), Martha Brill Olcott (Volga Tatars) and Khodarkovsky (1992 Where Two Worlds Met, on Kalmyks) can be found on Amazon.com and elsewhere. 1634 disestablishments Tatar states Early Modern history of Russia States and territories established in the 1440s States and territories disestablished in 1634 Historical Turkic states History of Ural Khanates Nogai people