as genteel or dignified and has given rise to a variety of customized accessories and even apparel such as the smoking jacket, and the former Pipe Smoker of the Year award in the UK, as well as the term kapnismology ("the study of smoke"). Notable pipe smokers A number of real and fictional persons are strongly associated with the hobby of pipe smoking. Men Buzz Aldrin (b. 1930), American astronaut. Louis Althusser, French philosopher. Roald Amundsen, Norwegian explorer. Sparky Anderson, American baseball manager. Clement Attlee (1883–1967), UK Prime Minister (1945–51). Johann Sebastian Bach, German composer. He wrote an aria about his fondness for pipe smoking: So oft ich meine Tobackspfeife BWV 515a. Douglas Bader, British military pilot. , Argentine writer. Karl Barth, German theologian. Zygmunt Baumann, Polish-British sociologist. Enzo Bearzot, manager of the 1982 FIFA World Cup Champion Italy national football team. Ludwig van Beethoven (1770–1827), German composer. Tony Benn (1925–2014), long-serving British Member of Parliament. Edgar Benson, Canadian Minister of Finance. Rómulo Betancourt (1908–1981), President of Venezuela. Georges Brassens, French singer and guitarist. Clarence "Gatemouth" Brown, American blues musician. An avid pipe smoker, the Texas-blues guitarist often sold his own proprietary blend of pipe tobacco as well as autographed pipes at his concerts and shows. Abelardo Castillo, Argentine writer. Graham Chapman (1941–1989), British actor and comedian (Monty Python). Ben Chifley (1885–1951), Prime Minister of Australia (1945–1949). Julio Cortázar, Argentine writer. Jacques Cousteau, French documentary maker and oceanographer. Bing Crosby (1903–1977), American singer and actor. Bill Davis, Former Premier of Ontario. Allen Welsh Dulles, American diplomat and lawyer who became the first civilian Director of Central Intelligence (DCI), and its longest-serving director to date. Edward VIII, short-reigned (20 January-11 December 1936) King of the United Kingdom. Albert Einstein (1879–1955), German scientist. He was known for smoking a pipe and once said, "I believe that pipe smoking contributes to a somewhat calm and objective judgment in all human affairs." Mircea Eliade, Romanian author and historian. Akhteruzzaman Elias, Bangladeshi author and secular humanist. William Faulkner, American author, known to be an enthusiastic proponent of pipe smoking. Manuel Felguérez, Mexican artist. Barry Fitzgerald, (1888–1961), Irish stage, film and television actor. Gerald R. Ford (1913–2006), 38th President of the United States from 1974 to 1977. Stephen Fry (b. 1957), English author, actor and comedian. Clark Gable (1901–1960), American actor. Theodor Seuss Geisel, German-American author, political cartoonist. George Gissing, English author. Cary Grant (1904–1986), British-American