Two are elected in the year after the presidential election and one is elected in the year before it. There is also an elected township fiscal officer, who serves a four-year term beginning on April 1 of the year after the election, which is held in November of the year before the presidential election. Vacancies in the fiscal officership or on the board of trustees are filled by the remaining trustees. Because of proposed annexations by the city of Hamilton, state representative Michael A. Fox on September 29, 1994, secured special legislation that allowed the township to incorporate as a city under the name Indian Springs. On December 29, 1994, this law took effect and the new city was born. (Also on that date, the city of Fairfield was withdrawn from the township.) However, the courts struck down the law on December 20, 1996, and Indian Springs reverted once more to Fairfield Township, but the City of Fairfield remained outside the township. Transportation The Miami and Erie Canal once ran through the township between Cincinnati and Hamilton. The Cincinnati, Hamilton and Dayton Railroad, now part of CSX Transportation, has its mainline through the township. Major highways include State Route 4 (the main road between Hamilton and Middletown) and the Butler County Regional Highway (aka State Route 129). U.S. Route 127, leading south to Cincinnati, passes through Hamilton west of the township. Historic population figures 1890—1,573 1900—4,018 1910—2,120 1920—2,527 1930—3,541 1940—4,602 1950—6,853 1960—6,289 1970—7,098 1980—7,930 1990—9,648 2000—15,571 2010—21,373 References Bert S. Barlow, W.H. Todhunter, Stephen D. Cone, Joseph J. Pater, and Frederick Schneider, eds. Centennial History of Butler County, Ohio. Hamilton, Ohio: B.F. Bowen, 1905. Jim Blount. The 1900s: 100 Years In the History of Butler County, Ohio. Hamilton, Ohio: Past Present Press, 2000. Butler County Engineer's Office. Butler County Official Transportation Map, 2003. Fairfield Township, Butler County, Ohio: The Office, 2003. A History and Biographical Cyclopaedia of Butler County, Ohio with Illustrations and Sketches of Its Representative Men and Pioneers. Cincinnati, Ohio: Western Biographical Publishing Company, 1882. John Kieswetter. "Indian Springs name sticks: Township had moment as city". The Cincinnati Enquirer. November 17, 2003 Ohio. Secretary of State. The Ohio municipal and township roster, 2002–2003. Columbus, Ohio: The Secretary, 2003. External links Township website County website Townships in Butler County, Ohio 1803 establishments in Ohio Townships in Ohio