issuance of the Emancipation Proclamation, it became less likely that future battlefield victories would induce foreign recognition. Lincoln had effectively highlighted slavery as a tenet of the Confederate States of America, and the abhorrence of slavery in France and Great Britain would not allow for intervention on behalf of the South. The Union lost 15,220 men during the Maryland campaign (2,535 killed, 11,426 wounded, 1,259 missing). See also Armies in the American Civil War Commemoration of the American Civil War Commemoration of the American Civil War on postage stamps List of costliest American Civil War land battles Troop engagements of the American Civil War, 1862 USS Antietam Notes References Bailey, Ronald H., and the Editors of Time-Life Books. The Bloodiest Day: The Battle of Antietam. Alexandria, VA: Time-Life Books, 1984. . Eicher, David J. The Longest Night: A Military History of the Civil War. New York: Simon & Schuster, 2001. . Esposito, Vincent J. West Point Atlas of American Wars. New York: Frederick A. Praeger, 1959. . The collection of maps (without explanatory text) is available online at the West Point website. Glatthaar, Joseph T. General Lee's Army: From Victory to Collapse. New York: Free Press, 2008. . Harsh, Joseph L. Sounding the Shallows: A Confederate Companion for the Maryland Campaign of 1862. Kent, OH: Kent State University Press, 2000. . Luvaas, Jay, and Harold W. Nelson, eds. Guide to the Battle of Antietam. U.S. Army War College Guides to Civil War Battles. Lawrence: University Press of Kansas, 1987. . McPherson, James M. Crossroads of Freedom: Antietam, The Battle That Changed the Course of the Civil War. New York: Oxford University Press, 2002. . Older, Curtis L., Hood's Defeat Near Fox's Gap September 14, 1862. Kindle and Apple Books. . Rafuse, Ethan S. McClellan's War: The Failure of Moderation in the Struggle for the Union. Bloomington: Indiana University Press, 2005. . Sears, Stephen W. George B. McClellan: The Young Napoleon. New York: Da Capo Press, 1988. . Sears, Stephen W. Landscape Turned Red: The Battle of Antietam. Boston: Houghton Mifflin, 1983. . Wolff, Robert S. "The Antietam Campaign." In Encyclopedia of the American Civil War: A Political, Social, and Military History, edited by David S. Heidler and Jeanne T. Heidler. New York: W. W. Norton & Company, 2000. . National Park Service battle descriptions Memoirs and primary sources Dawes, Rufus R. A Full Blown Yankee of the Iron Brigade: Service