He distinguished himself, whenever engaged, by personal bravery and good leadership. Shut up with Bazaine in Metz, on its fall he was confined as a prisoner in Prussia. On the conclusion of peace he returned to France and gave evidence before the commission of inquiry into the surrender of that stronghold, when he strongly denounced Bazaine. After this he retired into private life to the Chateau du Moncel near Argentan, where he died in 1888. References 1809 births 1888 deaths Politicians from Paris French Ministers of Defence French Senators of the Second Empire Marshals of France French military personnel of the Crimean War French military personnel of the Franco-Prussian War Grand Croix of the Légion d'honneur