especially secure harvesting rights within a context of mutual cooperation, known as ." Citing Ann Laura Stoler's ethnography from the 1970s, Pottier writes that cash was replacing exchange, that old patron-client ties were breaking, and that social relations were becoming characterized more by employer-employee qualities. Political appropriation For Prime Minister Muhammad Natsir, was an ethical principle of sociality, in marked contrast to both the "unchecked" feudalism of the West, and the social anomie of capitalism. Ideas of reciprocity, ancient and deeply enmeshed aspects of kampung morality, were seized upon by postcolonial politicians. John Sidel writes: "Ironically, national-level politicians drew on "village conceptions of adat and . They drew on notions "of traditional community to justify new forms of authoritarian rule." During the presidency of Sukarno, the idea of was officially elevated to a central tenet of Indonesian life. For Sukarno, the new nation was to be synonymous with . He said that the Pancasila could be reduced to the idea of . On June 1, 1945, Sukarno said of the Pancasila: The first two principles, nationalism and internationalism, can be pressed to one, which I used to call 'socionationalism.' Similarly with democracy 'which is not the democracy of the West' together with social justice for all can be pressed down to one, and called socio democracy. Finally belief in God. 'And so what originally was five has become three: socio nationalism, socio democracy, and belief in God.' 'If I press down five to get three, and three to get one, then I have a genuine Indonesian termGOTONG ROYONG [mutual co-operation]. The state of Indonesia which we are to establish should be a state of mutual co-operation. How fine that is ! A Gotong Royong state! In 1960, Sukarno dissolved the elected parliament and implemented the Gotong Royong Parliament. Governor of Jakarta, Ali Sadikin, spoke of a desire to reinvigorate urban areas with village sociality, with . Suharto's New Order was characterized by much discourse about tradition. During the New Order, Siskamling harnessed the idea of . By the 1990s, if not sooner, had been "fossilized" by New Order sloganeering. During the presidency of Megawati, the Gotong Royong Cabinet was implemented. It lasted from 2001 to 2004. Philippines (, ) is a Filipino term taken from the word , referring to a nation, country, town or community. The whole term refers to a spirit of communal unity or effort to achieve