on photographic plates, 1948–1958 CfA Redshift Survey – A program from Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics. It began in 1977 to 1982 then from 1985 to 1995. Digitized Sky Survey – optical all-sky survey created from digitized photographic plates, 1994 2dF Galaxy Redshift Survey (2dfGRS) – redshift survey conducted by the Anglo-Australian Observatory between 1997 and 2002 Sloan Digital Sky Survey (SDSS) – an optical and spectroscopic survey, 2000–2006 (first pass) Photopic Sky Survey – a survey with 37,440 individual exposures, 2010–2011. DEEP2 Redshift Survey (DEEP2) – Used Keck Telescopes to measure redshift of 50,000 galaxies VIMOS-VLT Deep Survey (VVDS) – Franco-Italian study using the Very Large Telescope at Paranal Observatory Palomar Distant Solar System Survey (PDSSS) WiggleZ Dark Energy Survey (2006–2011) used the Australian Astronomical Observatory Dark Energy Survey (DES) is a survey about one-tenth of the sky to find clues to the characteristics of dark energy.- Calar Alto Legacy Integral Field Area Survey (CALIFA) – a spectroscopic survey of galaxies SAGES Legacy Unifying Globulars and GalaxieS (SAGES Legacy Unifying Globulars and GalaxieS Survey (SLUGGS) survey – a near-infrared spectro-photometric survey of 25 nearby early-type galaxies (2014) Large Sky Area Multi-Object Fiber Spectroscopic Telescope (LAMOST) – an extra-galactic and stellar spectroscopic survey IPHAS and VPHAS+ – surveys of the Galactic bulge and inner disk using the Isaac Newton Telescope (north) and VLT Survey Telescope (south) in u, g, r, Hα, and i bands, 2003–present Pan-STARRS – a large-field survey system to look for transient and variable sources. 2010-present Optical Gravitational Lensing Experiment (OGLE) – large-scale variability sky survey (in I and V bands), 1992–present DESI Legacy Imaging Surveys (Legacy Surveys) - large imaging survey of the extragalactic sky, in three bands and covering one third of the sky, 2013–present GSNST - Global Supernovae Search Team - an all sky survey launched in August 2018 to look for Astronomical Transients Gaia catalogues of over a billion parallax distances Infrared Infrared Astronomical Satellite did an all sky survey at 12, 25, 60, and 100 μm, 1983 The 2-micron All-Sky Survey (2MASS), a ground-based all sky survey at J, H, and Ks bands (1.25, 1.65, and 2.17 μm) 1997–2001 Akari (Astro-F) a Japanese mid and far infrared all-sky survey satellite, 2006–2008 Wide-field Infrared Survey Explorer (WISE) was launched in December 2009 to begin a survey of 99% of the sky at wavelengths of 3.3, 4.7, 12, and 23 μm. The telescope is over