is classified as short-sea shipping, but the greater percentage of this cargo moves through Europe’s heartland on rivers and not oceans. In the past decade, the term short-sea shipping has evolved in a broader sense to include point-to-point cargo movements on inland waterways as well as inland to ocean ports for shipment over oceans. The contrasting terms deep-sea shipping, intercontinental shipping, and ocean shipping refer to maritime traffic that crosses oceans. Short-sea shipping is also distinct from inland navigation, e.g. between two cities along a river. Europe In Europe, the main hub of short-sea shipping is Rotterdam, which is the largest European port, with Antwerp as a second. The Netherlands plays an important role in this, having developed a hybrid vessel designed to navigate the sea as well as the Rhine into the Ruhrgebiet. The Dutch and Belgian main waterways (Maas, Waal, Amsterdam-Rhine Canal, Scheldt) locks and bridges are built accordingly. Because of congestion in the larger ports, a number of smaller (container)ports have been developed, and the same goes for the Rhine-ports such as Duisburg and Dortmund in Germany. The ports of Hamburg, Felixstowe (now the largest port in the UK), and Le Havre also are significant in this shipping. In the Netherlands the sector has seen rapid growth, aided by a tax-enabled investment scheme. The traditional region for building "coasters" is the province of Groningen, where most wharfs have side-laying ship slides. The major trend is to have bare hulls made with cheaper labor in Poland or Romania and to finish them in the Netherlands. Philippines In Philippine law, short-sea shipping or coastwise trade is defined as the transport of either merchandise or passengers between two seaports in the Philippines Only vessels with coastwise license secured from and issued by the Maritime Industry Authority can legally engage in coastwise trade in the Philippines. Only vessels with certificate of Philippine registry are eligible for the license. The Philippine coastwise emblem must be hoisted at the main mast of engaged vessels when leaving or entering Philippine seaports. US and Canada Cargo movements on the Great Lakes Waterway and Saint Lawrence Seaway system can be classified as short-sea shipping under this broadening of terminology. The St. Lawrence Seaway Management Corporation of Canada and its US counterpart, the St. Lawrence Seaway Development Corporation, have for the past several years promoted this concept under its marketing umbrella "Hwy H2O". The concept is intended