agricultural areas in the Precordillera, and then to the forests that were once present in today's Atacama Desert and finally helping build boats with the Chango peoples in the sea area near present-day Arica or Tacna, in return for fish which has been found in the stomachs of mummies found at said high altitudes such as around lake Titicaca The Inca added the practice of Mita (forced labour for the empire, e.g. silver mining) and the Yanakuna who are skilled individuals forcibly removed from their Ayllus to perform a task for the empire, for example as architects/builders. The concept of Minga in particular has been shown to encompass various forms of Andean communal work used from the Mapuche peoples in the south to the Moche and other Pre-Chavin peoples near Cuzco in what is now Peru. Brazil is, in Brazil, a collective mobilization to achieve an end, based on mutual help provided free of charge. It is an expression originally used for working in the countryside, or for the construction of low-income houses. In a , everyone is simultaneously benevolent and beneficiary and works in a rotating system and without hierarchy. Currently, by extension of meaning, can designate any collective initiative for the execution of an unpaid service, such as a joint effort to paint a neighborhood school, clean a park and others. The word comes from the Tupi term , which means 'work in common'. The same Tupi term gave rise to several other spellings, all currently in disuse (, , , , , , , , , , , , , , ). Chile In rural southern Chile, labor reciprocity and communal work remained common through the twentieth century and into the twenty-first, particularly in rural communities on the Archipelago of Chiloé. Referred to as , the practice can be traced to pre-contact Mapuche and Huilliche traditions of communal labor. In Chiloé, took the form either of (tit for tat exchanges of labor between neighbors) or large-scale work parties hosted by a particular family, accompanied by food and drink, and often lasting several days. Most agricultural work and community construction projects were done by way of . The ('house pull') involved moving a house from one location to another. Panama In rural Panama, especially in the Azuero peninsula region and its diaspora, it is common to hold a party as a communal labor event. Most commonly these events