lenses). The F4 is one of the three film based Nikon cameras offering full Matrix metering with AI manual focus lenses. Its lack of electronic aperture control limits the F4's functionality with G type lenses, which do not have an aperture ring. With these lenses, exposure control is limited to program and shutter-priority modes. In addition, DX lenses are not designed to cover the full 35mm frame and will vignette when used with the F4 (or any other 35mm camera). The F4 also provides no support for Nikon's later VR (Vibration Reduction) system; VR-equipped lenses will mount and function, but without image stabilization. Model line Eventually Nikon had three F4 models that were distinguished by which integrated battery pack was attached. All F4 bodies are interchangeable with all battery packs. Therefore, none of the cameras includes a label for its particular model name—all use a simple "F4" nameplate: Nikon NASA F4 The Nikon NASA F4 Electronic Still Camera was one of the first and rarest fully digital cameras. Constructed for NASA, it was used since 1991 on board the Space Shuttle. The camera was based on a modified F4 with standard F-mount and had a digital camera back with a monochrome CCD image sensor with 1024 x 1024 pixels on an area of 15 x 15mm. References General references Nikon Corp (2005). "History." Retrieved May 1, 2005. Foo, Leo (2001). "Nikon F4 Series SLR models – Index Page." Retrieved May 1, 2005. Gandy, Stephen (August 8, 2004). "Nikon SLR Guide." Retrieved May 1, 2005. Wall, John N. "The Nikon F4 FAQ (Version 6.0)." Retrieved April 24, 2009. External links Debut of the Nikon F4, by Nikon Products introduced in 1988 F004 F004