.au which are no longer available include: originally intended for conferences; for the Australian Academic and Research networks; for general information, and for the X.400 mail systems. Canada Prior to 12 Oct 2010 there were second level domain based on province: .ab.ca — Alberta, .bc.ca — British Columbia, .mb.ca — Manitoba, .nb.ca — New Brunswick, .nf.ca — Newfoundland, .nl.ca — Newfoundland and Labrador, .ns.ca — Nova Scotia, .nt.ca — Northwest Territories, .nu.ca — Nunavut, .on.ca — Ontario, .pe.ca — Prince Edward Island, .qc.ca — Quebec, .sk.ca — Saskatchewan, .yk.ca — Yukon Since 2010, some have been replaced (for example, alberta.ca) while others have remained under the provincial two letter SLD (e.g., Calgary Board of Education www.cbe.ab.ca) and others were moved to more traditional subdomains (www.transportation.alberta.ca). France Historic second-level domains for France included: .tm.fr (for brands), .com.fr (for commercial use) and . The Netherlands Historic second-level domains for the Netherlands included: .co.nl (for commercial use) Yugoslavia In 2006 the ccTLD was replaced by (for Serbia) and (for Montenegro). Second-level domains under included: – for academic institutions, for commercial enterprises; for organizations and for residents of Montenegro. Only legal entities were allowed to register names under and its second-level domains. Tuvalu Historic second-level domains for Tuvalu included: co.tv Legal issues As a result of ICANN's generic top-level domain (gTLD) expansion, the risk of domain squatting has increased significantly. For example, based on current regulations, the registration of the gTLDs or is not allowed; however, the registration of sites such as or is not controlled. Experts say that further restrictions are needed for second-level domains under the new gTLD , as well. For example, second-level domains under or can be easily misused by companies and therefore are a potential threat to Internet users. See also Single-letter second-level domains Domain Name System Top-level domain Country code top-level domain Subdomain Private sub-domain registry Public Suffix List .ac (second-level domain) .edu (second-level domain) References Domain Name System