cyanobacteria and microalgae can be inhaled by humans and settle in different parts of the respiratory system, leading to the formation or intensification of numerous diseases and ailments, e.g., allergies, dermatitis, and rhinitis. According to Wiśniewska et al., these harmful microorganisms can constitute between 13% and 71% of sampled taxa. However, the interplay between microbes and atmospheric physical and chemical conditions is an open field of research that can only be fully addressed using multidisciplinary approaches. Airborne microalgae and cyanobacteria are the most poorly studied organisms in aerobiology and phycology. This lack of knowledge may result from the lack of standard methods for both sampling and further analysis, especially quantitative analytical methods. Few studies have been performed to determine the number of cyanobacteria and microalgae in the atmosphere However, it was shown in 2012 that the average quantity of atmospheric algae is between 100 and 1000 cells per cubic meter of air. As of 2019, about 350 taxa of cyanobacteria and microalgae have been documented in the atmosphere worldwide. Cyanobacteria and microalgae end up in the air as a consequence of their emission from soil, buildings, trees, and roofs. Biological particles are known to represent a significant fraction (~20–70%) of the total number of aerosols > 0.2 μm, with large spatial and temporal variations. Among these, microorganisms are of particular interest in fields as diverse as epidemiology, including phytopathology, bioterrorism, forensic science, and public health, and environmental sciences, like microbial ecology, meteorology and climatology. More precisely concerning the latter, airborne microorganisms contribute to the pool of particles nucleating the condensation and crystallization of water and they are thus potentially involved in cloud formation and in the triggering of precipitation. Additionally, viable microbial cells act as chemical catalyzers interfering with atmospheric chemistry. The constant flux of bacteria from the atmosphere to the Earth's surface due to precipitation and dry deposition can also affect global biodiversity, but they are rarely taken into account when conducting ecological surveys. As stressed by these studies attempting to decipher and understand the spread of microbes over the planet, concerted data are needed for documenting the abundance and distribution of airborne microorganisms, including at remote and altitudes sites. Bioaerosols Bioaerosols, known also as primary biological aerosols, are the subset of atmospheric particles that are directly released from the biosphere into the atmosphere. They include living and dead organisms (e.g., algae, archaea, bacteria), dispersal units (e.g., fungal spores