The degree equips students with the ability to understand scientific problem and apply numerical methods to solve such problems. The directions of specializations include Physics, Chemistry, Biology and other Scientific and Engineering disciplines. George Mason University was one of the early pioneers first offering a multidisciplinary doctorate Ph.D. program in Computational Sciences and Informatics in 1992 that focused on a number of specialty areas, including bioinformatics, computational chemistry, earth systems, and global changes, computational mathematics, computational physics, space sciences, and computational statistics. The School of Computational and Integrative Sciences, Jawaharlal Nehru University (erstwhile School of Information Technology) also offers a vibrant master's science program for computational science with two specialties: Computational Biology and Complex Systems. Subfields Bioinformatics Car–Parrinello molecular dynamics Cheminformatics Chemometrics Computational archaeology Computational astrophysics Computational biology Computational chemistry Computational materials science Computational economics Computational electromagnetics Computational engineering Computational finance Computational fluid dynamics Computational forensics Computational geophysics Computational history Computational informatics Computational intelligence Computational law Computational linguistics Computational mathematics Computational mechanics Computational neuroscience Computational particle physics Computational physics Computational sociology Computational statistics Computational sustainability Computer algebra Computer simulation Financial modeling Geographic information science Geographic information system (GIS) High-performance computing Machine learning Network analysis Neuroinformatics Numerical linear algebra Numerical weather prediction Pattern recognition Scientific visualization Simulation See also Computational science and engineering Modeling and simulation Comparison of computer algebra systems Differentiable programming List of molecular modeling software List of numerical analysis software List of statistical packages Timeline of scientific computing Simulated reality Extensions for Scientific Computation (XSC) References Additional sources E. Gallopoulos and A. Sameh, "CSE: Content and Product". IEEE Computational Science and Engineering Magazine, 4(2):39–43 (1997) G. Hager and G. Wellein, Introduction to High Performance Computing for Scientists and Engineers, Chapman and Hall (2010) A.K. Hartmann, Practical Guide to Computer Simulations, World Scientific (2009) Journal Computational Methods in Science and Technology (open access), Polish Academy of Sciences Journal Computational Science and Discovery, Institute of Physics R.H. Landau, C.C. Bordeianu, and M. Jose Paez, A Survey of Computational Physics: Introductory Computational Science, Princeton University Press (2008) External links Journal of Computational Science The Journal of Open Research Software The National Center for Computational Science at Oak Ridge National Laboratory Applied mathematics Computational fields of study