Character of Languages of Active Typology, in Linguistics 131: 11-25 Klimov, Georgij A. 1977: Tipologija Jazykov Aktivnogo Stroja. Moscow: Nauka Klimov, Georgij A. 1983: On contentive Typology [Principy contensivnoj tipologii] Moscow: Nauka Langemann, Katrin 2004 Morphologie und Syntax der Nominativ- und Akkusativkasus im Indogermanischen, Magisterarbeit an der Universitaet Hamburg Lehmann Winfred P. 1995: Residues of Pre-Indo-European Active Structure and their Implications for the Relationships among the Dialects, Innsbruck Lehmann, Winfred P. 1993: Theoretical Bases of Indo-European Linguistics. London: Routledge. Lehmann, Winfred P. 2002: Pre-Indo-European (Journal of Indo-European Studies Monograph 41). Mithun 1991 : Active / agentive case marking and its motivation, in Language 67: 510–546, p. 513, 515–516, from Blake 1994 : 126 Oliveira, Christiane Cunha de 2003: Lexical categories and descriptives in Apinajé, in International Journal of American Linguistics 69: 243-274 Seki, Lucy 1990. "Kamaiurá (Tupí-Guaraní) as an active–stative language." In Doris L. Payne (ed.), Amazonian linguistics: Studies in lowland South American languages, 367–91. Austin: University of Texas Press. Further reading Bentley, D. (2011) Split intransitivity in Italian. De Gruyter Mouton. External links Active languages, by Daniel Andréasson, Department of Linguistics, Stockholm University Grammar Syntax–semantics interface