and local civil rights organizations to advocate for equality. Community Mutual Aid In June 1949, Wally Nelson and Carson Foltz held a meeting to discuss “how may a Peacemaker earn his living, spend his money, and provide economic security for his family in a profit-centered society.” Starting with the Cincinnati, Ohio metro area, the forum focused on providing local communities with shared resources to avoid “predatory enterprises” (banks, insurance, investments, etc.). A consensus was met to create a voluntary mutual aid funding pool to which Peacemakers and participating individuals could contribute and benefit from simultaneously. Wally and Juanita were assigned the role of creating a program in addition to the funding pool that described Peacemaker economics and disciplines. The local branch alongside the Bromleys purchased a group farmhouse north of Cincinnati to share the responsibility of food, finances, childcare, and maintaining communal belongings. This was done to model nonviolent and collectivistliving based on Marxist philosophy. At the farmhouse, the Bromleys established Gano Peacemakers, Inc., a non-profit organization that was later seized by the IRS for their refusal to pay taxes, a method used to protest against military and war activities. Notable Members Founders A.J. Muste Ernest Bromley Marion Bromley Juanita Nelson Wally Nelson Dwight Macdonald Ralph T. Templin Roy Kepler Cecil Hinshaw Milton Mayer Bayard Rustin George Houser Horace Champney Important Figures Benny Bargen Dorothy Day Ralph DiGia Fyke Farmer Walter Gormly Ammon Hennacy Bradford Lyttle Maurice McCrackin Mary Stone McDowell Karl Meyer James Otsuka Jim Peck Eroseanna Robinson Igal Roodenko Max Sandin George Willoughby Lillian Willoughby Edmund Wilson See also List of peace activists Tax resistance in the United States References Peace organizations based in the United States Organizations established in 1948