facilitate repair, and to improve the sound. Repertoire The Chemnitzer concertina has been predominantly used in folk music, especially polka music played by Central and Eastern Europeans and by nineteenth- and twentieth-century immigrants to the United States from those regions. "Whoopee John" Wilfahrt and Walter "Li'l Wally" Jagiello were two prominent examples of polka musicians playing Chemnitzer concertinas. However, the instrument, especially in its 52-button and larger versions, is capable of performing in other musical contexts, such as classical music. References Dunkel, Maria (1996). Bandonion und Konzertina: Ein Beitrag zur Darstellung des Instrumententyps (2nd ed.). München-Salzburg: Musikverlag Emil Katzbichler. Rippley, LaVern J. (2006) “The Chemnitzer Concertina” St. Olaf College Press LaVern J. Rippley Northfield, Minnesota 55057-1098 (507) 606-3233 Fax 646-3732 External links United States Concertina Association Czech Area Concertina Club Concertina Culture in Chemnitz German musical instruments