ELAN is an interpreted educational programming language for learning and teaching systematic programming. It was developed in 1974 by C.H.A. Koster and a group at the Technical University of Berlin as an alternative to BASIC in teaching, and approved for use in secondary schools in Germany by the "Arbeitskreis Schulsprache". It was in use until the late 1980s in a number of schools in Germany, Belgium, the Netherlands, and Hungary for informatics teaching in secondary education, and used at the Radboud University Nijmegen in the Netherlands for teaching systematic programming to students from various disciplines and in teacher courses. The language design focuses strongly on structured programming, and has a special construction for stepwise refinement, allowing students to focus on top-down design, and bottom-up coding. The microkernel operating system Eumel began as a runtime system (environment) for ELAN. See also ALGOL 68 External links ELAN implementation built by the Radboud University Nijmegen ELAN implementation download site Dresden uni on ELAN Educational programming languages Algol programming language family Computer-related introductions in 1974 Procedural programming languages Programming languages created in 1974 Programming languages