the peacetime establishment, and a further two (13th and 14th) raised as reserve units. The effectiveness of these units was demonstrated during the war, particularly the Caucasus Front and by 1917 a total of 22 battalions, comprising one division plus four brigades, were on active service. A further three battalions were in reserve. Horse artillery: 1st Kuban Cossack battery "General Field Marshal Grand Duke Michael Nikolaevich" 2nd through 5th Kuban Cossack batteries. In addition there four commands that were responsible for support and home front organisation in the Kuban (supplies, hospitals etc.): Ust-Labinskaya, Armavirskaya, Labinskaya and Batalpashinskaya. From 1914 to 1917 the Kuban Cossack Host committed a total of 89 thousand men to the Russian war effort. These included 37 horse regiments, a cavalry division, 2 mounted regiments recruited from mountain peoples (Adyghe and Karachay), six convoy (Imperial Guard) escort half-sotnias, two Leib Guard HIH personal sotnias, 4 infantry plastun brigades (22 battalions), a special plastun division, nine horse artillery batteries, four reserve horse regiments and three reserve plastun battalions. See also Cossacks Azov Cossack Host Black Sea Cossacks Caucasus Line Cossack Host Danubian Sich Don Cossacks Zaporozhian Cossacks Decossackization Kuban Cossack Culture Balachka Kuban bandurists Kuban Cossack Choir Cossacks of the Kuban — a color musical film, cinema of 1940s Soviet Union. Ukrainians in the Kuban Felix Sumarokov-Elston — Ataman of the Kuban Cossacks (1860s). Ethnic Cleansing of Circassians Auxiliaries Notes and citations External links Official website Official section about Cossackdom at the Krasnodar Kray administration's site Unofficial website Images from Krasnodar Kray, Russia. Kuban Ukrainian diaspora Ethnic groups in Russia Cossack hosts Kuban Oblast Ethnic groups in Ukraine Peoples of the Caucasus