Timișoara 1019 – Timișoara (as Dibiscos/Bisiskos/Tibiskos/Tibiskon/Timbisko/etc.) is mentioned for the first time in written documents by Byzantine Emperor Basil II (not all historians agree with this identification). 1154 – The Arab geographer Sarif al Idrisi, in his work "The book of pleasures", is describing precisely the road from Cavorz (i.e. Karlowitz/Sremski Karlovci) to Timișoara, passing through Cnez (i.e. Satchinez/Knez); he declare that Timișoara is "a pleasant city ... offering great richness". 1177 – First mention of the Castrensis de Thymes in a medieval document. 1212 – The fort of Timișoara (Castrum Temesiensis) is mentioned in the decree of King Andrew II of Hungary 1241 – The town is partly destroyed by the Tatars. 1307 – Charles I of Hungary builds the stone fortress and makes the city the capital of his kingdom. 1323 – King Charles I of Hungary attends the holy service in Saint George's church [Sfântu Gheorghe]. This last church with this patronim was demolished before World War I. 1342 – Timișoara was mentioned for the first time with the title of "civitas" (city). 1370 – The first handicraftsmen's guild is documented in Timișoara. 1396 – The town is preparing as the gathering camp for the Nicopolis crusade (never started). 1478–1494 – Pavel Chinezul becomes county head of Timiș and Captain of fortress of Timișoara. 1497 – Pelbart of Timișoara, the only author of incunabula in Romania, publishes his works in Basel and later in Hagenau. 1514 – Timișoara Fortress is attacked by rebel peasant troops led by George Dozsa (Dózsa György in Hungarian, Gheorghe Doja in Romanian). The revolt was put down and George Dózsa executed in a cruel and unmerciful way (along with others 40,000–60,000 rebel peasants) in Timișoara. Today, on the place of the martyrdom, of the hot throne, there is the statue of Saint Mary signed by sculptor György Kiss. According to the legend, during George Dózsa's surplice, the Jesuit monks saw in the ear the image of Holly Virgin. The first statue was raised here in 1865. The actual monument was raised in 1906. 1549 – Opening of the Protestant School in Timișoara founded and led by István Kiss of Szeged. 1552 – Timișoara is conquered by the Ottoman Empire and becomes capital of the Eyalet of Temeşvar. 1596 – Sigismund Báthory of Transylvania and Michael the Brave of Wallachia fail to capture Timișoara after a 40-day siege. 1660 – The Ottoman historian,