V. Skoropadskii). With the outbreak of World War I in August 1914, moderate political parties became moribund in Russia. The Octobrists all but ceased to exist outside the capital, St. Petersburg, by 1915. Several of its prominent members, particularly Guchkov and Mikhail Rodzianko, continued to play a significant role in Russian politics until 1917, when they were instrumental in convincing Nicholas II to abdicate during the February Revolution and in forming the Russian Provisional Government. With the fall of the Romanovs in March, the party became one of the ruling parties in the first Provisional Government. Some members of the party, such as Vladimir Ryabushinsky, later participated in the White Movement after the October Revolution and during the Russian Civil War (1918-1920), becoming active in White émigré circles after the Bolshevik victory in 1920. By that time, the October Revolution had given the term "Octobrist" a completely different meaning and connotation in Russian politics. In other parts of the Russian Empire In the Livonian guberniya, a similar party of Baltic German nobility and bourgeoisie named Baltic Constitutional Party (German: Baltische Konstitutionelle Partei) was active; its pendant in the Esthonian guberniya was Esthonian Constitutional Party. See also Liberalism in Russia Russian Revolution of 1905 Duma Mikhail Rodzianko Notes References External links V. I. Lenin: A Disorderly Revolution Monarchist parties in Russia Political parties of the Russian Revolution Political parties in the Russian Empire Defunct liberal political parties Political parties established in 1905 Political parties disestablished in 1917 Liberalism in Russia Monarchism in Russia 1905 establishments in the Russian Empire