a traditional political structure. Subject – Where citizens are aware of central government, and are heavily subjected to its decisions with little scope for dissent. The individual is aware of politics, its actors and institutions. It is affectively oriented towards politics, yet it is on the "downward flow" side of the politics. In general congruent with a centralized authoritarian structure. Participant – Citizens are able to influence the government in various ways and they are affected by it. The individual is oriented toward the system as a whole, to both the political and administrative structures and processes (to both the input and output aspects). In general congruent with a democratic political structure. Almond and Verba wrote that these types of political culture can combine to create the civic culture, which mixes the best elements of each. Elazar Daniel J. Elazar identified three kinds of political culture: Individualistic culture – In which politics is a marketplace between individuals seeking to maximize their self-interest, with minimal community involvement and opposition to the government, as well as a high degree of patronage. See also: Neopatrimonialism. Moralistic culture – Whereby government is seen as important and as a way to improve peoples' lives. Traditionalistic culture – One which seeks to preserve the status quo under which elites have all the power and citizen participation is not expected. Huntington Samuel P. Huntington classified political cultures according to civilizations on the basis of geography and history: Western civilization Japanese civilization Islamic civilization Hindu civilization Slavic-Orthodox civilization Latin American civilization Chinese civilization African civilization Inglehart Ronald Inglehart proposes that political culture can dictate political systems, and points out a correlation between Protestantism (or more generally societies with high Secular-Rational values and high Self Expression values on the Inglehart-Weltzel values map) and stable democratization. However, the recurrent post-elections clashes in largely protestant Sub-Saharan countries, such as Kenya or Uganda, shows that religious affiliations seem to poorly affect the political behaviour of populations. National political cultures Russia Russia is a low-trust society, with even the highest trusted institutions of church and the military having more distrustful than trusting citizens, and with low participation in civil society. This means that Russia has a weak civic political culture. Furthermore, the authoritarian traditions of Russia mean that there is little support for democratic norms such as tolerance of dissent and pluralism. Russia has a history of authoritarian rulers from Ivan the Terrible