W. Camfield (‘The Idea of Substitution in the Doctrine of the Atonement’ in SJT'' I [1948] 282-293): in his 1948 paper, Camfield spells out 'a non-penal view of substitution'. Belief in substitutionary atonement Eastern Christians do not incorporate substitutionary atonement in their doctrine of the cross and resurrection. The Western part of the Catholic Church incorporates it into Aquinas' satisfaction doctrine rooted in the idea of penance. Most Evangelical Protestants interpret it largely in terms of penal substitution. See also Acts of Reparation to Jesus Christ Supersessionism Altruistic suicide Notes References Sources Printed sources Web sources External links (Arminian/Methodist) Penal Substitution by Greg Bahnsen (Calvinist/Reformed) Nonviolent Atonement and the Victory of Christ Nonviolent Atonement by Brad Jersak (Orthodox/Anabaptist) The Concept of Atonement in 1 John The Concept of Atonement in Hellenistic Thought and 1 John The Concept of Atonement in Early Rabbinic Thought and the New Testament Writings Targum Isaiah 53 and the New Testament Concept of Atonement The Concept of Atonement in the Gospel of John Jesus' Death for Us: A Sacrifice Atonement in Christianity Christian terminology