maurusium), and Homoioceras (= Syncerus antiquus), Clark (1959:57) suggested that "[t]heir final extinction may well have been due to man's improved methods of hunting these overspecialized and probably clumsy beasts." Clark did not specify which hominin species was to blame, but from the evidence available to him at the time, it was clear that at least some of these extinct taxa (e.g., Stylohipparion and Griquatherium) disappeared long before the Pleistocene-Holocene transition (Clark, 1959:54) and were associated with hominins that preceded the emergence of H. sapiens, including H. heidelbergensis (Drennan, 1953)". This discussion of Megafaunal losses in Africa during the Pleistocene period would suggest that anthropogenic influence could have been a significant impetus for extinction. Another hypothesis suggests a more environmentally focused cause for the megafaunal extinction in Pleistocene Africa, "The current lack of evidence (for hominin attributed extinction) does not preclude it from being produced in the future, though we are not optimistic that it will be. Looking to the last ∼100,000 years-a time interval encompassing massive demographic and technological change among human populations-it is clear that African megafaunal extinctions are readily explained by environmental changes (Faith, 2014). In particular, grassland herbivores disappeared following alterations in the structure, distribution, or productivity of their habitats (Faith, 2014), consistent with broader changes in herbivore community composition spanning the last 1 Myr (Faith et al., 2019)". Environmental factors implicated in this explanation include structure, distribution and biological productivity of the environment. This explanation minimizes human impact and emphasizes environmental factors. African Pleistocene megafauna losses Megafauna from Africa that had gone extinct during the Pleistocene included Dinopithecus, Gorgopithecus, Parapapio, Australopithecus, Paranthropus, machairodonts such as Homotherium and Megantereon, Makapania, Megalotragus and Pelorovis. The summary of mammalian megafaunal extinction and survival can be discussed by comparing Africa and North America. Living genera (50 kg+) in Africa include 40 and 14 in the North America. Later Pleistocene extinction genera include 26+ in Africa and 35 in the US and Canada. Earlier Pleistocene extinction genera include 19 in Africa and 13 in the US and Canada. Later Pleistocene Megafaunal Extinction Intensity was 39% for Africa, and 71% for the US and Canada. It is evident through this analysis that North America underwent a more intense later Pleistocene megafaunal extinction. Contrasting Africa's losses with North America The rate of extinction in the Pleistocene period between Africa and North America shows striking differences. In America, an estimated 35 genera of