figure for 2006 is estimated at 468,000 (9.4%). Data from the Pew Center shows that, as of 2013, 27% of American Jews under the age of 18 live in Orthodox households, a dramatic increase from Jews aged 18 to 29, only 11% of whom are Orthodox. The UJA-Federation of New York reports that 60% of Jewish children in the New York City area live in Orthodox homes. In addition to economizing and sharing, many Haredi communities depend on government aid to support their high birth rate and large families. The Hasidic village of New Square, New York receives Section8 housing subsidies at a higher rate than the rest of the region, and half of the population in the Hasidic village of Kiryas Joel, New York receive food stamps, while a third receive Medicaid. About half of the American Jews are considered to be religious. Out of this 2,831,000 religious Jewish population, 92% are non-Hispanic white, 5% Hispanic (Most commonly from Argentina, Venezuela, or Cuba), 1% Asian, 1% black and 1% Other (mixed race etc.). Almost this many non-religious Jews exist in the United States. Race and ethnicity The United States Census Bureau regards all ethnic Jews regardless of Jewish ethnic sub-division, race, or skin color as racially White, although Jews are diverse, have phenotypically assimilated into and most times are indistinguishable from the dominant local populations of regions like "Europe," "the Caucasus and the Crimea," "North Africa," "West Asia," "Sub-Saharan Africa," "South, East, and Central Asia," and the "Americas" that they had settled in for many centuries. Most Jews in the United States are Ashkenazi Jews, who descend from diaspora Jewish populations of Central and Eastern Europe and are considered White. Some American Jews identify themselves as being both Jewish and white, while other American Jews solely identify themselves as being Jewish. Several commentators have observed that "many American Jews retain a feeling of ambivalence about whiteness". Karen Brodkin explains this ambivalence as rooted in anxieties about the potential loss of Jewish identity, especially outside of intellectual elites. Similarly, Kenneth Marcus observes a number of ambivalent cultural phenomena which have also been noted by other scholars, and he concludes that "the veneer of whiteness has not established conclusively the racial construction of American Jews". The relationship between American Jews and white majority identity continues to be described as "complicated". Many American white nationalists view Jews as non-white. In 2013, the