other psychiatric disorders, such as infant autistic patients. Another study indicated that paranoid violent offenders or those who committed violent behaviour towards family members have higher bufotenin levels in their urine than other violent offenders. A 2010 study utilized a mass spectrometry approach to detect levels of bufotenin in the urine of individuals with severe autism spectrum disorder (ASD), schizophrenia, and asymptomatic subjects. Their results indicate significantly higher levels of bufotenin in the urine of the ASD and schizophrenic groups when compared to asymptomatic individuals. Legal status Australia Bufotenin is classified as a Schedule I controlled substance according to the Criminal Code Regulations of the Government of the Commonwealth of Australia. It is also listed as a Schedule 9 substance under the Poisons Standard (October 2015). A schedule 9 drug is outlined in the Poisons Act 1964 as "Substances which may be abused or misused, the manufacture, possession, sale or use of which should be prohibited by law except when required for medical or scientific research, or for analytical, teaching or training purposes with approval of the CEO." Under the Misuse of Drugs Act 1981 is determined to be enough for court of trial and is considered intent to sell and supply. United Kingdom In the United Kingdom, bufotenin is a Class A drug under the 1971 Misuse of Drugs Act. United States Bufotenin (DEA Drug Code 7403) is regulated as a Schedule I drug by the Drug Enforcement Administration at the federal level in the United States and is therefore illegal to buy, possess, and sell. Sweden Sweden's public health agency suggested classifying Bufotenin as a hazardous substance, on May 15, 2019. See also 5-HO-DiPT Hamilton's Pharmacopeia List of entheogens O-Acetylbufotenine Tryptamines Cane toad Colorado River toad Anadenanthera colubrina Anadenanthera peregrina References External links Erowid's Bufotenin Vault TiHKAL entry on Bufotenin Bufotenin (5-HO-DMT) entry in TiHKAL • info Entheogens Psychedelic tryptamines Tryptamine alkaloids Vertebrate toxins Phenols Serotonin receptor agonists Plant toxins Substances discovered in the 1930s