Bijan Jazani (; 9 January 1938, Tehran – April 19, 1975) was an Iranian political activist and a major figure among modern Iranian Socialist intellectuals, a Marxist theorist as well as one of the founders of the Organization of Iranian People's Fedai Guerrillas. Personal and Political Life Bijan Jazani was born to Hossien Jazani (حسین جزنی) and Alamtaj Kalantari Nazari (عالمتاج کلانتری نظری). His parents' families, separately, began participating in the Tudeh Party during a period of political freedom that started from the exile of Reza Shah until the overthrow of Mohammed Mossadegh. The children of these two families became attracted to and then joined the Tudeh youth party. Their activities at the party grew and they later gained important responsibilities. His father, a military officer, joined the Tudeh party in 1945. His mother, Alamtaj Kalantari, was a member of the Women's Tudeh party. In 1947, when Bijan Jazani was 9 years old, his father joined the Azerbaijani Democrat Party and in the same year, with the fall of Pishevari, his father left for the Soviet Union and remained there until 1967. It was for this reason that Alamtaj Kalantari took Bijan Jazani and his sisters to her parents' home. This period had a major impact in the future political life of Jazani. He lived in a household whose members had a professional role in the Tudeh party. During this time, his mother expanded her activities in the women's Tudeh party and Jazani alongside his uncle, who was 2 years older than he was, joined the Tudeh Youth Organization in 1948, at the age of 10. After the Tudeh party became illegal on February 4, 1949, Jazani continued participation in the youth party. He was then chosen as the messenger of the youth organization because of his young age and his family background. But the hidden activities of the Tudeh party and the affiliated organizations did not last long and from 1951, the activities slowly became semi-transparent. In addition to this, the leaders of the Tudeh and the youth organization created the "Iranians in favor of Peace", "National Organization in the Struggle against the Anglo-Iranian Oil Corporation", "Democratic Youth Organizations", and the "Student Organization of Tehran". Jazani began his activities in the "Student Organization of Tehran" in 1951–1952 and was initially responsible for a small group. In 1953 he became semi-responsible for this organization. He was also active in the