that deal only with certain matters such as family law or, in the case of Ontario, a Divisional Court which only appeals and judicial reviews of administrative tribunals and whose decisions have greater binding authority than those from the "regular" branch of the Ontario Superior Court of Justice. Although some of these courts are named the "Supreme Court", they are not the highest courts in their respective province or territory. Most provinces have special courts dealing with small claims (typically actions involving under $50,000). These are typically divisions of the superior courts in each province, however certain provinces also delegate this to lower courts. Parties often represent themselves, without lawyers, in these courts. Provincial and territorial courts of limited jurisdiction Each province and territory in Canada (other than Nunavut) also has an additional trial court, usually called a Provincial (or Territorial) Court, to hear certain types of cases. For historical reasons, these courts are sometimes referred to as "inferior courts", indicating their position in the judicial hierarchy as subject to the superior courts. The term is not a commentary on their professionalism or expertise. In Nunavut, the functions of superior and territorial court are combined in the Nunavut Court of Justice. Provincial Court of Alberta (ABPC) Provincial Court of British Columbia (BCPC) Provincial Court of Manitoba (MBPC) Provincial Court of New Brunswick (NBPC) Provincial Court of Newfoundland and Labrador (NLPC) Territorial Court of the Northwest Territories (NTTC) Provincial Court of Nova Scotia (NSPC) Nunavut Court of Justice (NUCJ) Court of Ontario – Ontario Court of Justice (ONCJ) Provincial Court of Prince Edward Island (PEPC) Court of Quebec (QCCQ) Provincial Court of Saskatchewan (SKPC) Territorial Court of Yukon (YKTC) Appeals from these courts are heard either by the superior trial court of the province or territory or by the provincial or territorial court of appeal. In criminal cases, this depends on the seriousness of the offence. Preliminary hearings are normally held in provincial courts prior to the case being transferred to superior court for trial. These courts are created by provincial statute and only have the jurisdiction granted by statute. Accordingly, inferior courts do not have inherent jurisdiction. These courts are usually the successors of older local courts presided over by lay magistrates and justices of the peace who did not necessarily have formal legal training. However, today all judges are legally trained, although justices of the peace may not be.