of alternative methods for the study of disease. Cell culture and in vitro studies provide an alternative that preserves the physiology of the living cell, but does not require the sacrifice of an animal for mechanistic studies. Human induced pluripotent stem cells can also elucidate new mechanisms for understanding cancer and cell regeneration. Imaging studies (such as MRI or PET scans) enable non-invasive study of human subjects. Recent advances in genetics and genomics can identify disease-associated genes, which can be targeted for therapies. See also Animal models of autism Animal models of schizophrenia Animal testing on invertebrates Animal testing on rodents Animal testing Britches (monkey) Ensembl genome database History of animal testing History of model organisms In vivo Knockout rat Mouse models of colorectal and intestinal cancer References External links Transgenic Animal Models – Biomedcode Knock Out Rat Consortium – KORC Emice – National Cancer Institute Animal testing