had a bachelor or higher degree, and 291 (21.2%) people had no formal qualifications. The median income was $35,600, compared with $31,800 nationally. The employment status of those at least 15 was that 834 (60.7%) people were employed full-time, 246 (17.9%) were part-time, and 15 (1.1%) were unemployed. Flora These mountains are characterised by tussock land, fellfields, and large areas of open scree, while lowland forests have largely been cleared. The Spencer range to the south meanwhile has a more intact beech forest covering. Fauna The ranges contain the Kowhai Valley and Shearwater Stream Important Bird Area. References Landforms of the Marlborough Region Kaikōura District Mountain ranges of New Zealand