large holdings on many of these companies." He continued in a speech on January 31, 2014: "The best companies operate at the highest ethical standards, but they are frankly helpless when less ethical companies bribe their way into lucrative concessions… (i)t frustrates the CEOs who want to do the right thing. It makes him or her unnecessarily vulnerable and, frankly, it trashes Canada's reputation." While McKay’s “Sunshine Bill” was defeated by the Conservatives under Prime Minister Stephen Harper on April 9, 2014, the Harper government later adopted a similar measure in C-43, the omnibus budget implementation act, introduced on October 23, 2014 as the Extractive Sector Transparency Measures Act. The Extractive Sector Transparency Measures Act requires, oil, gas, and mining companies to disclose payments to foreign entities. Penalties for offenses under the Act include fines and the potential for summary conviction. “The Modern Slavery Act” – Bill C-423 Ending the Use of All Forms of Child Labour in Supply Chains – Report of the Standing Committee on Foreign Affairs and International Development In October of 2018 McKay participated in the House of Commons Subcommittee on International Human Rights study on child labour and modern slavery that resulted in A Call to Action: Ending the Use of All Forms of Child Labour in Supply Chains. The Committee released a set of recommendations for the Government of Canada on how to reduce child labour in supply chains. The Committee concludes the report by calling on the Government of Canada to take action against the use of child and forced labour in supply chains, arguing that taking concerted international action to implement the recommendations of the subcommittee is the best way to achieve the ultimate goal of eliminating all forms of child labour worldwide. As a result of the report, the Government of Canada began to explore legislation to stop child and forced labour in supply chains. Bill C-423 Bill C-423, or The Modern Slavery Act, was introduced by McKay in December 2018 following the committee report released in October saying “(t)his bill gives an opportunity for consumers to know whether, in fact, anywhere along the supply chain of the product they are buying or the service they are using, slave or forced labour conditions applied.” The purpose of the Modern Slavery Act is to implement Canada's international commitment to confirm supply chain transparency and contribute to the fight against modern slavery. The