drawing the listener deeper into prayer and closer to God. Other significant stylistic features of Animuccia's composition style include variations in vocal textures and color by varying voice groupings, and instances of word painting. Other works composed by Animuccia in this period include some madrigali spirituali (1565) and a collection of hymns, motets, Masses and Magnificats (1568). Legacy The stylistic features described in Animuccia's masses and laudi can be seen as antecedent to the way choral music would develop from the end of the 16th century into the 17th century. In particular his use of different voice groupings can be seen as a very early example of the polychoral technique () which became very popular in Rome shortly after Animuccia's death. Although Animuccia's contribution to liturgical musical at this time was soon eclipsed by choral works of his contemporaries Palestrina and Victoria, his music remains an important example as to one of the ways in which a composer sought to deal with the issues which arose after the Council of Trent. As well as this, his significant contribution to the early musical life of the Oratory set precedence for future developments of music written for this setting, which would eventually include the development of the oratorio. Notes References . . Carter, Tim, Music in Late Renaissance & Early Baroque Italy, (London: B. T. Balsford Ltd. 1992). Carver, Anthony F. Chori Spezzati: Volume 1: The Development of Sacred Polychoral Music to the Time of Schütz, (Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1988). Lockwood, Lewis, The Counter Reformation and the Masses of Vincenzo Ruffo, Universal Edition 14745, (Venice: San Giorgio Maggiore, 1970). Lewis Lockwood and Noel O’Regan. "Animuccia, Giovanni." Grove Music Online. Oxford Music Online. 29 Oct. 2008 . Monson, Craig A. ‘The Council of Trent Revisited’, Journal of the American Musicological Society, Vol. 55, No. 1. (University of California Press, Spring, 2002), 1-37. Nosow, Robert, ‘The Debate on Song in the Accademia Fiorentina’, Early Music History, Vol. 21. (Cambridge University Press, 2002), 175-221. Smither, Howard E., A History of the Oratorio, Volume 1, (USA: The University of North Carolina Press, Chapel Hill, 1977). Steele, John. ‘Animuccia's response to the events of 1564’, Research chronicle: New Zealand Musicological Society'', Vol. 5. (1995), 6-17. Wilson, Blake. "Lauda." Grove Music Online. Oxford Music Online. 29 Oct. 2008 External links 1500 births 1571 deaths 16th-century Italian composers Italian classical composers Italian male classical composers Musicians from Florence