State under customary international law to recognise (or refuse to recognise) any other territorial claim What the treaty does affect is new claims: No activities occurring after 1961 can be the basis of a territorial claim. No new claim can be made. No claim can be enlarged. The Soviet Union and the United States both filed reservations against the restriction on new claims, and the United States and Russia assert their right to make claims in the future if they so choose. Brazil maintains the Comandante Ferraz (the Brazilian Antarctic Base) and has proposed a theory to delimit territories using meridians, which would give it and other countries a claim. In general, territorial claims below the 60° S parallel have only been recognised among those countries making claims in the area. However, although claims are often indicated on maps of Antarctica, this does not signify de jure recognition. All claim areas except Peter I Island are sectors, the borders of which are defined by degrees of longitude. In terms of latitude, the northern border of all sectors is the 60° S parallel (which does not cut through any piece of land, continent or island) and is also the northern limit of the Antarctic Treaty. The southern borders of all sectors are one single point, the South Pole. Previously, the Norwegian sector was an exception: the original claim of 1930 did not specify a northern or a southern limit, so that its territory was only defined by eastern and western limits. However, in 2015, Norway formally declared that its claim extended south to the pole. See also Colonization of Antarctica Demographics of Antarctica Human outpost Research stations in Antarctica Territorial claims in the Arctic Notes References Claims Antarctic