of emotional distance). Similarly, imperatives marked as centripetal such as bədʊnə̃kɛ "sit down!" have a more friendly hortative tone than imperatives marked as centrifugal. Direction marking can also imply a proximate / obviate distinction, especially in narrative texts, where the most salient character or location is chosen as the deictic centre. It can also convey a certain evidential stance, where progressive verbs marked as centripetal imply that the speaker is a direct witness to an ongoing event: nariadɛrɪ "he is walking [I'm witnessing it]", or "look, he's walking". Notes References Robin Hooper. 2002. "Deixis and aspect: The Tokelauan directional particles and ." Studies in language 26 (2):283–313. Edzard, Dietz-Otto: A Sumerian Grammar, Brill Academic Publishers, 2003, . Lynch, John: A Grammar of Lenakel. (Pacific Linguistics Series B No. 55) The Australian National University, Canberra 1978. Ribeiro, Eduardo Revail: A Grammar of Karajá. University of Chicago, Illinois 2012. Verb types