was illiterate. Both Joshua and Latham were required to take literacy tests in October 1966. Most of the public saw the repeated attacks on Joshua as a witch-hunt by her political opponents and ironically Cato was later accused of corruption for trading votes for jobs, which he had berated Joshua for having done. In 1969, Joshua was arrested along with five other people and charged with conspiring to set fire to the Public Works Department. The charges appeared to be politically motivated, as at the time Saint Vincent had just gained political autonomy, as one of the West Indies Associated States, though it would not gain full independence for another decade. The entire Caribbean region at the time was marked by unrest, with an increase in British military activity to suppress political upheaval. A British frigate was sent from Bermuda at the time of Joshua's arrest to try to reduce the tension. On the day of Joshua's trial, a mass protest was held, calling for new elections, with the demonstrators marching to the Kingstown Court House. Both of the Joshuas boycotted the statehood celebration in protest over the failure to call new elections once St. Vincent's status from colony changed. The election of 1972 resulted in a tied vote with each of the parties receiving six seats. A unity government, with an independent, James Fitz-Allen Mitchell as Premier was formed and Joshua was appointed as the Parliamentary Secretary by the Governor Rupert Godfrey John. When the unity government fell apart in 1974, new elections were held and Joshua was again elected. She vehemently opposed forming another unity government and was appointed as Leader of the Opposition. As her husband had also been reelected to his seat and agreed to cooperate in a unity government, it was the first time in Saint Vincent political history that a husband and wife served on opposing sides in Parliament. Joshua won her seat in six consecutive elections, each time winning by a substantial majority, amid staunch opposition and politically-based attacks. Her first loss came in the 1979 election, when both she and Ebenezer lost their bids. In 1986, Joshua was recognized by the National Council of Women of SVG for her pioneering role in politics and as an advocate for the working class. Ivy and Ebenezer Joshua were members of the Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints. Death and legacy Joshua died in