centuries that involved children accused as witches. In Sweden in 1669 a large number of children were included in a witch hunt and in Würzburg as in Salem in 1692, children were the focus of witch hunts. In the early seventeenth century, the territory of Würzburg was a prevalent actor in persecuting children. Over 40 children were executed due to being accused of witchcraft during this time. The late seventeenth century brought forward the child witch accusations in Calw, Germany, though to a lesser extent than in Würzburg. In Augsburg, beginning in 1723 an investigation into twenty children between the ages of six and sixteen resulted in them being arrested following accusations of witchcraft. Said to have been led on by the Devil, these children were accused of malicious acts through the town. These proposed acts led to the children being imprisoned in filthy conditions, turned in by their own parents. They were held for a year in solitary confinement before being transferred to a hospital. The last child was freed in 1729. One example of a child-witch narrative in Germany is of a seven-year-old girl named Brigitta Horner. In 1639, Brigitta claimed to be a witch and that she had participated in witch's Sabbats where the Devil was present. Brigitta claimed to have been baptized in the name of the Devil instead of God. The pastor who baptized Brigitta was married to her grandmother who was accused of teaching Brigitta witchcraft. Norway was also home to child witch accusations in the seventeenth century, following the rest of Europe in the witch craze. A specific narrative includes a group of children in the Northern district of Finnmark that were accused of witchcraft. This group was made up of six girls, accused in the mid-seventeenth century. These girls were Ingeborg Iversdatter, Maren Olsdatter, Karen Olsdatter, Karen Nilsdatter, Kirsten Sørensdatter, and Sigri Pedersdatter. Ingeborg Iversdatter was the first child to be accused of witchcraft, having been reported by an adult. Many of these children had family connections to others accused as witches. Contemporary belief in child witchcraft UK In the United Kingdom, research by Dr Leo Ruickbie showed that the problem of child witchcraft accusations was spreading from Africa to countries with African immigrant populations. In some cases this has led to ritualized abuse and even murder. This was evident in the high-profile case of Kristy Bamu in 2010. Africa In Africa,