and chased Yuan Shu away to the south. Later, the Heishan bandits under Yu Du (于毒), joined by local rebels, stormed Yuan Shao's Ye city, capital of Wei Commandery (魏郡), and killed its Grand Administrator (太守) Li Cheng (栗成). This last attack drew Yuan Shao's furious retaliation; he led a suppression campaign to crush the bandits, slaying Yu Du and many other Heishan leaders, but Yuan Shao was ultimately unable to defeat Zhang Yan, who had the backing of various Xiongnu and Wuhuan groups. With heavy casualties on both sides, the opposing armies made a swift withdrawal from the area. Yuan Shao's campaign might have diminished the Heishan bandits' prospects in the south, but Zhang Yan and his people continued to hold out in the northern Changshan Commandery. In 199, Zhang Yan answered Gongsun Zan's call for help as he made his last stand in the Battle of Yijing, but his bandit army did not arrive in time and thus could not save Gongsun Zan from his demise. In 205, as Cao Cao drove out the Yuan family from the region, Zhang Yan led his men to submit to Cao Cao. Names of the bandits As the members of the confederacy were outlaws, many of them used nicknames, named after their defining traits. While some of these names may be genuine names, there had been some efforts to translate the names and determine the possible logic behind them. Boque (白雀, White Sparrow) Bo Rao (白繞, White Circles) Fuyun (浮雲, Floating Cloud) Guo Daxian (郭大賢, Guo Great-Virtue) Huanglong (黃龍, Yellow Dragon) Kujiu (苦蝤, Dry Grub) - possibly named for his baldness Li Damu (李大目, Big-Eyes Li) Liu Shi (劉石) Luoshi (羅市) Pinghan Daji (平漢大計, Grand Design to Pacify the Han) Qing Niujue (青牛角, Green Ox-horn) Sili Yuancheng (司隸掾城, Director of Retainers Who Scales the City Wall) Sui Gu (眭固, Fixed Gaze) Sun Qing (孫輕) Tao Sheng (陶升) Wang Dang (王當) Wulu (五鹿, Five Deer) - possibly named for something he wore Yang Feng (楊鳳) Yu Digen (于羝根) - possibly named for having a hairy face or penis Yu Du (于毒, Poison Yu) Zhang Niujue (張牛角, Oxhorn Zhang) Zhang Leigong (張雷公, Zhang Lord of Thunder) - named for his loud voice Zhang Yan (nicknamed Flying Swallow Zhang) - named for his agility Zuo Zizhangba (左髭丈八, Zuo with the Eighty-foot Mustache) Zuoxiao (左校, Enclosure on the Left) - probably took his name from