Cohors secunda Gallorum veterana equitata ("2nd part-mounted veteran Cohort of Gauls") was a mixed infantry and cavalry regiment of the Auxilia corps of the Imperial Roman army. It was stationed, in the 2nd and 3rd centuries, in a fort near Hadrian's Wall in Britain. Foundation The regiment was probably constituted under Augustus, the founder of the Roman empire (r. 30 BC - AD 14). It was originally recruited from natives of Gallia Lugdunensis (northern/central France). Structure The regiment was 600 men strong, of which 480 were infantry (divided into 6 centuriae of 80 men each); and 120 cavalry (4 turmae of 30 horse each). Garrisons The unit is first attested in the datable epigraphic record in AD 99 in Moesia Inferior (N. Bulgaria) It was briefly stationed in Mauretania Caesariensis (N Algeria), where it is attested for 107. From not later than 122 until its last known attestation of 244-9, it was in Britannia, and thus saw the building of Hadrian's Wall (122-32). In Britannia, the regiment garrisoned, from not later than 178 until at least 244, the fort at Old Penrith (Cumbria), near the Wall. The regiment's last extant inscription dates from 244/9. Campaigns Trajan's Dacian Wars (101-6) Given the regiment's station on the lower Danube in AD 99, scholars consider it highly likely that it participated in the Conquest of Dacia by the emperor Trajan (r. 98-117). This was effected by two campaigns (101-2 and 105-6). Campaigns in Britain (122-248) In view of its size and long-term stationing on the northern British frontier, facing the unconquered Caledonia (Scotland), the regiment almost certainly participated in all the major campaigns recorded in this turbulent region, including: 139-42: Antoninus Pius (r. 138-61) launches an aggressive strategy to re-occupy the Scottish Lowlands, as far as the Forth-Clyde line, which had been abandoned under the emperor Trajan (r. 98-117). Governor Quintus Lollius Urbicus leads the campaign. Coins record victory in 142/3 over the Caledonian tribes of the region, especially the Selgovae. The campaign is followed by the construction of the Antonine Wall. 154-8: Serious disturbances break out in northern Britain, probably centred on a revolt by the Brigantes, most of whom reside south of Hadrian's Wall. The Romans are forced to withdraw troops from the Antonine Wall to suppress the revolt. This war probably leads to the decision to abandon the Antonine Wall by 162. 181-5: The Caledonian tribes overrun Hadrian's Wall. The