and other structures were reconstructed, but notably, the donjon was not, since Sunpu was ruled by an appointed administrator, rather than by a daimyō. After the Meiji Restoration, the final Tokugawa shōgun, Tokugawa Yoshinobu, resigned his post and moved to Sunpu in retirement. However, he was not allowed to move into Sunpu Castle, but was given the former Sunpu Daikansho offices to be his residence. His heir, Tokugawa Iesato, was briefly established as daimyō of "Shizuoka Domain" (700,000 koku) in 1868 until its abolition a year later in 1869. In 1871, American educator E. Warren Clark arrived in Shizuoka to teach science. Shortly thereafter, he directed construction of an American-style house on the grounds of the former castle. In 1873, Clark left Shizuoka for Tokyo. A western-style school, the Shizuhatasha (or Shizuhatanoya) was established in the house which had been built for Clark; and a Canadian missionary, Davidson McDonald, was engaged to run it. McDonald later helped establish Aoyama Gakuin University in Tokyo. The castle grounds became property of Shizuoka City from 1889. Much of the moat system was filled in, and portions of the bailey either became a park, or were used as for prefectural government offices. In 1896, a large portion of the inner castle grounds was turned over to the Imperial Japanese Army as a base for the IJA 34th Infantry Regiment. In 1949, the army base was abolished, and the area turned over to the city government, which transformed the area into "Sunpu Park". Reconstruction projects in 1989 and in 1996 recreated the Tatsumi Yagura and eastern gate. See also Sunpu Domain Notes References Beasley, William G. (1955). Select Documents on Japanese Foreign Policy, 1853–1868. London: Oxford University Press. [reprinted by RoutledgeCurzon, London, 2001. ] Cullen, Louis M. (2003). A History of Japan, 1582–1941: Internal and External Worlds. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. Ion, A. Hamish. (1990). The Cross and the Rising Sun. Waterloo, Ontario: Wilfrid Laurier University Press. Murdoch, James. (1926). A History of Japan. London: Kegan Paul, Trench, Trubner & Co. reprinted by Routledge, 1996. Pedlar, Neil. (1990). The Imported Pioneers: Westerners who Helped Build Modern Japan. London: Routledge. Literature External links Sumpu Castle Park official website(English) Castles in Shizuoka Prefecture Buildings and structures in Shizuoka (city) 100 Fine Castles of Japan