DFS Meise so no further production of the 'FVA-13' was carried out. FVA-14 Ringflügel (Ring-Wing) The first project at the FVA after WWII was the FVA-14 Ringflügel, a disc / annular wing aircraft, construction of which began in 1952. Built to investigate the theoretical advantages of a ring wing the FVA-14 was first flown in scale model form, with some success, then wind tunnel tests revealed serious problems with stability which were insurmountable. Work was abandoned and the completed un-flown prototype was stored in a workshop at Aachen where it was broken up to make room for other work. FVA-15 This project was instigated to research the use of compressed air for creating control forces om glider wings. Developed by Dr.-Ing. H. Stein the system used air blown through slots over the upper surfaces of a wing to produce lift for control purposes. A Grunau Baby III was modified with roll control slits for testing, retaining normal aileron control for safety purposes. Blown compressed air control systems were found to be feasible, but require a high volume/mass flow air supply to be practical, ruling out their widespread use in gliders. FVA-16 Schaumstoff-Flügel (Foam Material Wing) Research on composite construction methods at FVA aimed to achieve accurate smooth skin surfaces which are structurally stable and lightweight. The FVA-16 was a project to design and produce a wing using Duralumin sheet skins supported by a foam core. Test sections were built which showed that the foam cored metal skin was barely practicable, due to problems with adhesion, de-lamination and stiffness, requiring thicker skin and foam parts, increasing the weight excessively. FVA-17 Nurflügler (Tail-less Flyer) Commissioned by the Bundesverkehrsministerium - (Federal Ministry of Transport), in 1954, the FVA-17 was a tail-less research aircraft based on the Horten Ho33 motor-glider. The FVA was tasked with re-certifying the Ho33 to more modern standards, but it was soon discovered that the Ho33 had been built to lower strength standards, typically ⅔rds of those required for certification. Some flight testing was carried out, but re-design and new construction were not feasible, due to lack of funding, so further work was abandoned. FVA-18 Primitiv Krähe (Primitive Crow) In the late 1950s members of the FVA held the opinion that everybody should have the opportunity to own and fly their own aircraft. To achieve this they set about designing a lightweight, affordable powered two-seater training aircraft with benign flight