a middleware for digital television (DTV). The Open TV Core software technology contains a hardware abstraction layer (allowing the hardware to be independent), TV libraries (a selection of execution environments for the interactive applications), and support for Personal Video Recorders (PVRs), to create a DTT environment for the decoders (carried out by the STBs). TV libraries include support for Rich Graphics (RG) and High Definition (HD), net communications from a phone line or a broadband internet provider (via DSL, ethernet or fibre), management for the digital audio and video signals (DVB or other standards and formats), and authentication/encryption via CA/DRM systems. Open TV Core supports a number of Applications Environments Execution (AEE) programs, including the 'C' Virtual Machine (an HTML browser), an Adobe Flash presentation environment, and a Java Virtual Machine, in compliance with the MHP standard. The 'C' Virtual Machine is an execution environment that allows the APIs of the Open TV software Developers Kit to create applications in O code, centered on TV by via development tools from Open TV or other sellers. Open or public standards MHEG As early as 1995, the ISO (International Organization for Standardization), together with the Multimedia and Hypermedia Experts Group, published the MHEG standard. This gave an approach to the creation of multimedia applications that could work in every operative system in compliance with this standard. Conceptually, MHEG intended to do for multimedia application as HTML did for documents, to give a common exchange format that can be executed by every receiver. MHEG-1: this version included support for objects containing procedure codes. One may add to the basic model of MHEG-1 by adding decision making functions, as it was not possible in any other way. MHEG-3: this version defined a standard virtual machine and a byte representation code, giving it portability through hardware platforms. These versions were unsuccessful because they were based on concepts that the industry was not technologically ready to execute. MHEG-5, a simpler version of MHEG-1, was created in April 1997. While many of the functions were identical, there were many differences between the two versions. MHEG-3 was overshadowed by the success of Java, and in 1998, the ISO created MHEG-6, based on the fifth version but with added support for the use of Java to develop object scripts, combining MHEG with the procedural elements of Java. For this, they defined a Java application programming interface (API) for MHEG,