Macrococcus caseolyticus, Kitasatospora griseola, Escherichia coli (Liu et al., 2019) [24]. The protein family was renamed to chemosensory protein (CSP) by Angeli et al. after one (polyclonal) antibody against p10 labeled some sensory structures in the adult antennae of the desert locust Schistocerca gregaria [3]. The term “B-CSP” was used to refer to similar clones from bacterial (B) species [24]. However, the functional importance of CSP proteins in olfaction/chemosensing remains to be proved. Since then, this protein gene family has been proved to act outside the chemosensory system [32]. They were called pherokines to designate proteins in abundance in the fly hemolymph in response to microbial or viral infection [33]. It was even proposed to rename these proteins to cuticular sensory proteins to keep the name but to emphasize on their expression level not only in sensory organs, but also in the immune barriers between the insect and the environment [49-50]. An email forum was organized to find most suitable new name considering the growing evidence that CSPs do not play a central and unique role in chemosensing, if any [32]. The term “CSP” has grown and is taken to mean belonging to a group of soluble proteins with a particular four-cysteine pattern and a high level of structural similarity [4, 14, 23-36, 32-37, 50]. The term “CSP” is rather unsuitable especially to designate the whole protein gene family because it means literally “Chemosensory Proteins” [3]. This term should not be used to unite under a common name all genes and proteins that are related in an evolutionary context from bacteria to honeybees. The knowledge to name the CSPs properly comes now with this thorough analysis of sea crustaceans, arthropod, bacteria and insect genome and Expressed Sequence Tag (EST) databases in the continuity of molecular data that demonstrate that CSPs are not exclusively tuned to olfactory/taste chemosensory organs [4, 14, 23-36, 32-37, 50]. It is a situation similar to lipocalins (from Greek lipos=fat and Greek kalyx=cup), where the name designates a superfamily of widely distributed and heterogenous proteins, which transport small hydrophobic molecules including steroids and lipids. However, in contrast to lipocalins, the “CSP” family refers to homogenous evolutionary-well conserved proteins with characteristic sequence (4 cysteines), tissue profiling (ubiquitously expressed), and rather highly diverse binding properties (not only to long fatty acids (FAs) and straight lipid chains, but also to cyclic compounds such as cinnamaldehyde) [34]. Therefore, it is rather