lipoxin (LX)A4, LXB4, AT-LXA4, and AT-LXB4; these metabolites are members of the specialized proresolving mediator class of anti-inflammatory agents that contribute to the resolution of inflammatory responses and inflammation-based diseases in animal models and, potentially, humans (see specialized proresolving mediators and lipoxins). Hepoxilin isomers (e.g. 1S-hydroxy-14S,15S-epoxy-5Z,8Z,12E-eicosatrienoic acid [14,15-HXA3] and 13R-hydroxy-14S,15S-epoxy-5Z,8Z,11Z-eicosatrienoic acid [14,15-HXB3]) which may contribute to the regulation of inflammation responses and insulin secretion (see hepoxilins). Eoxins (e.g. eoxin C4, 14,15-eoxin D4, and eoxin E4) which have pro-inflammatory actions and contribute to severe asthma, aspirin-exacerbated respiratory disease attacks, and other allergy reactions; they may also be involved in the pathology of Hodgkins disease (see Eoxins). 8(S),15(S)-dihydroxy-5Z,9E,llZ,13E-eicosatetraenoic acid (8(S),15(S)-diHETE), an inhibitor of human platelet aggregation (see Dihydroxy-E,Z,E-PUFA). 5(S),15(S)-dihydroxy-6Z,8E,llE,13Z-eicosatetraenoic acid (5(S),15(S)-diHETE) and its 5-ketone analog, 5-oxo-15(S)-hydroxy-ETE. These are weak and potent, respectively, stimulators of human eosinophil, neutrophil, and monocyte chemotaxis and thereby possible contributors to human allergic and non-allergic inflammation responses (see 5-Hydroxyicosatetraenoic acid#Inflammation and 5-Hydroxyicosatetraenoic acid#Allergy). 15-Oxo-ETE which inhibits the growth of cultured Human umbilical vein endothelial cells and various human cancer cell lines; it is also has activities on THP1 cell line cells suggesting that it might act as an inhibitor of inflammatory and oxidative stress reactions (see 15-Hydroxyicosatetraenoic acid#15-oxo-ETE). The minor products of ALOX15, 12-(S)-HpETE and 12(S)-HETE, possess a broad range of activities. One or both of these compounds stimulates cells by binding with and activating two G protein-coupled receptors, GPR31 and the Leukotriene B4 receptor 2; 12S-HETE also acts as a receptor antagonist by binding to but not stimulating the Thromboxane receptor thereby inhibiting the actions of Thromboxane A2 and Prostaglandin H2 (see 12-Hydroxyeicosatetraenoic acid#Receptor targets and mechanisms of action). As at least a partial consequence of these receptor-directed actions, one or both the two ALOX15 products exhibit pro-inflammation, diabetes-inducing, and vasodilation activities in animal models; cancer-promoting activity on cultured human cancer cells; and other actions (see 12-Hydroxyeicosatetraenoic acid#Activities and possible clinical significance). The two products are also further metabolized to various bioactive products including: Hepoxilin A3 and Hepoxilin B3 along with their respective tri-hydroxyl metabolites, trioxilin A3 and trioxilin B3. These metabolites have been reported to have anti-inflammatory activity, to have vasodilationactivity, to promote pain perception, to reverse oxidative stress in cells, and to promote insulin secretion in animal model systems (see Hepoxilin). 12-Oxo-ETE, which along with 12S-HETE, activates the Leukotriene B4 receptor, Leukotriene B4 receptor 2 (BLT2) but not its Leukotriene B4 receptor 1 (BLT1). This