dated 20 March 1806. Her itinerary was: 14 May 1806: Portsmouth 7 August: Cape of Good Hope 10 October: Penang 21 January 1807: Whampoa 4 May: off Lintin Island 1 July: Penang 17 July: Acheh 19 September: Cape of Good Hope 13 October: St Helena 6 January 1808: Lower Hope Voyage number 7: Bombay and China (1810–1811) Captain Samuel Landon: 21 January 1810: Portsmouth 9 April: Cape of Good Hope 26 May: Bombay 1 September: Penang 12 October: Whampoa 29 December: Second Bar 28 May 1811: St Helena 13 August: Long Reach Voyage number 8: Bombay and China (1812–1813) On this voyage Arniston sailed under a letter of marque in the name of Captain Walter Campbell. Her itinerary was: 4 January 1812: Torbay 5 April: Johanna 7 May: Bombay 11 September: Whampoa 4 January 1813: Macau 27 March: St Helena 7 June: Long Reach The British government then chartered Arniston as a troop transport to the Cape and India. Voyage number 9: Madeira, Cape, and Ceylon (1814–1815) Captain George Simpson left England on 8 June 1814. At Ceylon, Arniston embarked soldiers of the 73rd Regiment, who were wounded in the Kandyan Wars in Ceylon, to repatriate them to England. Wreck (1815) Critically, the ship did not have a chronometer—a comparatively new navigational instrument that was an "easy and cheap addition to her equipment" at the time—for this voyage. Captain George Simpson could not afford the 60–100 guineas for one,Hall 1820, primary sources. and the ship's owners were also unwilling to purchase one, even threatening to replace him with another captain if he refused to set sail without one.Hall 1833, primary sources. Arniston sailed from Port de Galle on 4 April 1815 in a convoy of six other East Indiamen, under the escort of HMS Africaine and . Among her 378 passengers were many invalid soldiers and sailors, plus 14 women and 25 children. During the passage from Ceylon, at one o'clock every day, the ships signalled each other their longitude that they calculated using their chronometers. In this way, the ships were able to compare their respective instruments, and the master of the Arniston was able to learn his longitude too, as long as he remained in the convoy. On 26 May, while rounding the southern tip of Africa, Arniston separated from the convoy in bad weather after her sails were damaged. Without accurate daily longitudinal information from the other