detected at an earlier stage, it has a higher chance of being treated, thus improving the chance of survival. Taking cats for regular checkups to the veterinarian can help spot signs and symptoms of cancer early on. Interaction with other cats Interaction with other cats with strains or diseases related to FeLV can be a great risk factor for cats contracting FeLV themselves. Thus a main factor in prevention is keeping the affected cats in quarantine, separated from the unaffected cats. Stray cats, or indoor/outdoor cats have been shown to be at a greater risk for acquiring FeLV, since they have a greater chance of interacting with other cats. Domesticated cats that are kept indoors are the least vulnerable to susceptible diseases. Vaccines Vaccines help the immune system fight off pathogens, which is another key to prevention. A vaccine for feline leukemia virus was created in 1969. Spaying and neutering Spaying and neutering holds many advantages for cats, including lowering the risk of developing cancer. Neutering male cats makes them less subject to testicular cancer, FeLV, and FIV. Spaying female cats lowers the risk of mammary, ovarian, and uterine cancer, as it prevents them from going into heat. Female cats should be spayed before their first heat, as each cycle of heat creates a greater risk of mammary cancer. Spaying a female cat requires the removal of the ovaries and uterus, which would eliminate their chances of developing cancer in these areas. Exposure to sun The risk of skin cancer increases when a cat is exposed to direct sunlight for prolonged periods. White cats, or cats with white faces and ears, should not be allowed out on sunny days. Depending on climate and time zone, between the hours of 10:00 am to 4:00 pm, it is recommended to keep domesticated cats indoors, as the sun is at its highest peak between these times. Sun block is also available for cats, which can help prevent skin irritation, and a veterinarian should be contacted to find out which brands are appropriate and to use on cats. Exposure to second-hand smoke Cats living in a smoker's household are three times more likely to develop lymphoma. Compared to living in a smoke-free environment, cats exposed to passive smoking also have a greater chance of developing squamous cell carcinoma or mouth cancer. Cancer risk also arises from the cat's grooming habits. As cats lick themselves