led to any URL (including an alternative website owned by a cybersquatter). The typosquatter's URL will usually be one of five kinds, all similar to the victim site address: A common misspelling, or foreign language spelling, of the intended site A misspelling based on a typographical error A plural of a singular domain name A different top-level domain: (i.e. .com instead of .org) An abuse of the Country Code Top-Level Domain (ccTLD) (.cm, .co, or .om instead of .com) Internationalised domain name homograph attack. This type of attack depends on registering a domain name that is similar to the 'target' domain, differing from it only because its spelling includes one or more characters that come from a different alphabet but look the same to the naked eye. For example, the Cyrillic, Latin, and Greek alphabets each have their own letter , each of which has its own binary code point. Turkish has a dotless letter i () that may not be perceived as different from the ASCII letter . Most web browsers warn of 'mixed alphabet' domain names, Other services, such as email applications, may not provide the same protection. Reputable top level domain and country code domain registrars will not accept applications to register a deceptive name but this policy cannot be presumed to be infallible. Risk mitigation ("Domain-based Message Authentication, Reporting and Conformance") (SSL certificate) Legitimate technologies that may be subverted See also Domain hack Domain hijacking Domain name registrar Domain name speculation Domain name warehousing Domain registration Domain tasting Geodomain List of Internet top-level domains Reverse domain hijacking Reverse domain name notation References External links (domain bias in web search) a research by Microsoft Top Level Domain Bias in Search Engine Indexing and Rankings Icann New gTLD Program Factsheet - October 2009 (PDF) IANA Two letter Country Code TLD ICANN - Internet Corporation for Assigned Names and Numbers Internic.net, public information regarding Internet domain name registration services Internet Domain Names: Background and Policy Issues Congressional Research Service , Domain Names — Concepts and Facilities, an Internet Protocol Standard , Domain Names — Implementation and Specification, an Internet Protocol Standard UDRP, Uniform Domain-Name Dispute-Resolution Policy Special use domain names Identifiers Domain name seizures by United States