missionary to Latin America, patron saint of Colombia (d. 1581) January 20 – Rafael Bombelli, Italian mathematician (d. 1572) January 25 – Adolf, Duke of Holstein-Gottorp (d. 1586) February 1 – Niiro Tadamoto, Japanese samurai (d. 1611) February 2 – Konstanty Wasyl Ostrogski, Polish noble (d. 1608) February 19 – Charles de L'Ecluse, Flemish botanist (d. 1609) February 23 – Gonçalo da Silveira, Portuguese Jesuit missionary (d. 1561) March 4 – Henry Carey, 1st Baron Hunsdon (d. 1596) March 11 – Heinrich Rantzau, German humanist writer, astrologer, and astrological writer (d. 1598) April 5 – Giuseppe Arcimboldo, Italian painter (d. 1566) April 8 – Elisabeth of Brunswick-Calenberg, Countess of Henneberg (d. 1566) April 12 – Muretus, French humanist (d. 1585) April 30 – Beate Clausdatter Bille, Danish noblewoman (d. 1593) June 9 – Matsudaira Hirotada, Japanese daimyō (d. 1549) June 25 – Elisabeth Parr, Marchioness of Northampton, English noble (d. 1565) July 9 – Elizabeth of Austria, Polish noble (d. 1545) July 10 – Philipe de Croÿ, Duke of Aerschot (d. 1595) July 31 – Augustus, Elector of Saxony (d. 1586) August 18 – Claude, Duke of Aumale, third son of Claude (d. 1573) August 22 – Adolph of Nassau-Saarbrücken, Count of Nassau (d. 1559) September 23 – Henry Manners, 2nd Earl of Rutland (d. 1563) September 26 – Wolfgang, Count Palatine of Zweibrücken (d. 1569) October 1 – Dorothy Stafford, English noble (d. 1604) October 30 – Hubert Goltzius, Dutch Renaissance painter-engraver (d. 1583) November 1 – Catherine Jagiellon, queen of John III of Sweden (d. 1583) November 12 – Andreas Gaill, German jurist and statesman (d. 1587) December 12 – Álvaro de Bazán, 1st Marquis of Santa Cruz, Spanish admiral (d. 1588) December 26 – Rose Lok, English businesswoman and Protestant exile during the Tudor period (d. 1613) December 28 – Anna Maria of Brandenburg-Ansbach, German princess (d. 1589) date unknown Kenau Simonsdochter Hasselaer, Dutch war heroine (d. 1588) Ikoma Chikamasa, Japanese daimyō in the Azuchi-Momoyama and Edo periods (d. 1603) Azai Hisamasa, Japanese warlord (d. 1573) probable Taqi ad-Din Muhammad ibn Ma'ruf, Ottoman Muslim scientist (d. 1585) Henry Manners, 2nd Earl of Rutland, Lord Lieutenant of Nottinghamshire (d. 1563) Deaths January 16 – Catherine of the Palatinate, Abbess of Neuburg am Neckar (b. 1499) January 19 – Isabella of Burgundy, queen of Christian II of Denmark (b. 1501) February 23 – Diego Colón, Spanish Viceroy of the