Events January–March January 5 – A violent Java earthquake damages the city of Batavia on the Indonesian island of Java, killing at least 28 people January 20 – The Parliament of England (under Tory dominance) limits the size of the country's standing army to 7,000 'native born' men; hence, King William III's Dutch Blue Guards cannot serve in the line. By an Act of February 1, it also requires disbandment of foreign troops in Ireland. January 26 – The Republic of Venice, Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth and Holy Roman Empire sign the Treaty of Karlowitz with the Ottoman Empire, marking an end to the major phase of the Ottoman–Habsburg wars. The treaty marks a major geopolitical shift, as the Ottoman Empire subsequently abandons its expansionism and adopts a defensive posture while the Habsburg monarchy expands its influence. February 3 – The first paper money in America is issued by the colony of Massachusetts, to pay its soldiers fighting against Quebec February 4 – 350 rebellious Streltsy are executed in Moscow. March 2 – The Edinburgh Gazette is first published in Scotland. March 4 – Jews are expelled from Lübeck, Germany. March 26 – The first performance of Amadis de Grèce, an opera by French composer André Cardinal Destouches, takes place at the Académie Royale de Musique, Paris. March 31 – Total solar eclipse visible across the southern Indian Ocean April–June April 13 – The 10th Sikh guru, Guru Gobind Singh, creates the Khalsa at Anandpur Sahib. May 1 – Pierre Le Moyne d'Iberville founds the first European settlement in the Mississippi River Valley, at Fort Maurepas (Ocean Springs, Mississippi). May 10 – Billingsgate Fish Market in London is sanctioned as a permanent institution by an Act of Parliament, with the provision "that after the tenth of May, 1699, Billingsgate Market should be, every day in the week except Sunday, a free and open market for all sorts of fish, and that it should be lawful for any person to buy or sell any sort of fish without disturbance." June 11 – England, France and the Dutch Republic agree on the terms of the Treaty of London (1700) (Second Partition Treaty) for Spain. June 14 – Thomas Savery demonstrates his first steam pump to the Royal Society of London. July–September July 6 – Pirate Captain William Kidd is arrested and imprisoned in Boston, Massachusetts. July 26 – William Dampier's expedition to New Holland