of Kuju. They deploy assault teams who man siege towers and scale ladders. Despite the fact the Goryeo army is heavily outnumbered, the garrison refuses to surrender. By topic Religion April 13 – Pope Gregory IX issues Parens scientiarum. The bull assures the independence and self-governance of the University of Paris. Births March 17 – Shijō (Mitsuhito), emperor of Japan (d. 1242) Guo Shoujing, Chinese astronomer and engineer (d. 1316) James Salomoni, Italian Dominican priest and prior (d. 1314) John de Warenne, English nobleman and knight (d. 1304) John of Burgundy, French nobleman and knight (d. 1268) Philip of Castile, Spanish prince and archbishop (d. 1274) Roger Mortimer, English nobleman and knight (d. 1282) Tommaso degli Stefani, Italian painter and artist (d. 1310) Yolanda of Vianden, Luxembourgian prioress (d. 1283) Deaths April 6 – William Marshal, English nobleman (b. 1190) May 7 – Beatrice II, French countess palatine (b. 1193) June 13 – Anthony of Padua, Portuguese priest (b. 1195) July 2 – Henry I, German nobleman (House of Zähringen) August 3 – Richard le Grant, archbishop of Canterbury August 28 – Eleanor of Portugal, queen of Denmark September 3 – William II, French nobleman (b. 1196) September 15 – Louis I, German nobleman (b. 1173) November 3 – Władysław III, Polish nobleman (b. 1167) November 6 – Tsuchimikado, emperor of Japan (b. 1196) November 17 – Elizabeth, Hungarian princess (b. 1207) November 28 – Valdemar the Young, king of Denmark December 7 – Richardis, German noblewoman (b. 1173) December 11 – Ida of Nivelles, Flemish nun and mystic December 25 – Folquet de Marselha, French bishop Abd al-Latif al-Baghdadi, Abbasid physician (b. 1162) Abu Said al-Baji, Almohad leader and scholar (b. 1156) Aurembiaix, Spanish countess (House of Urgell) (b. 1196) Dúinnín Ó Maolconaire, Irish historian, poet and writer Elisabeth of Brandenburg, German noblewoman (b. 1206) Gonzalo Rodríguez Girón, Spanish nobleman (b. 1160) Ibn al-Qattan, Almohad imam, scholar and intellectual Ibn Muti al-Zawawi, Almohad jurist, philologian and writer Jalal al-Din Mangburni, ruler of the Khwarazmian Empire Matthew FitzHerbert, English nobleman and high sheriff Meinhard II (the Elder), German nobleman and knight William of Auxerre, French archdeacon and theologian Zhao Rukuo, Chinese historian and politician (b. 1170) References