Year 1509 (MDIX) was a common year starting on Monday (link will display the full calendar) of the Julian calendar. Events January–June January 21 – The Portuguese first arrive at the Seven Islands of Bombay and land at Mahim after capturing a barge of the Gujarat Sultanate in the Mahim Creek. February 3 – Battle of Diu: The Portuguese defeat a coalition of Indians, Muslims and Italians. March 18 – Maximilian I, Holy Roman Emperor, names Margaretha land guardians of the Habsburg Netherlands. April 7 – The Kingdom of France declares war on the Republic of Venice. April 15 – The French army under the command of Louis XII leaves Milan to invade Venetian territory. Part of the War of the League of Cambrai and the Italian Wars. April 21 – Henry VIII becomes King of England (for 38 years) on the death of his father, Henry VII. April 27 – Pope Julius II places Venice under interdict and excommunication for refusing to cede part of Romagna to papal control. May 2 – Juan Ponce de León obtains authorization to bring his family from Spain to his home in the Casa de Contratación in Caparra, Puerto Rico. May 9 The French army under the command of Louis XII crosses the Adda River at Cassano d'Adda. The Venetians, encamped around the town of Treviglio, move south towards the Po River in search of better positions. May 14 – Battle of Agnadello: French forces defeat the Venetians. The League of Cambrai occupies Venice's mainland territories. June 11 Henry VIII of England marries Catherine of Aragon. Luca Pacioli's De divina proportione, concerning the golden ratio, is published in Venice, with illustrations by Leonardo da Vinci. June 19 – Brasenose College, Oxford, is founded by a lawyer, Sir Richard Sutton, of Prestbury, Cheshire, and the Bishop of Lincoln, William Smyth. June 24 – King Henry VIII of England and Queen Consort Catherine of Aragon are crowned. July–December July 17 – Venetian forces retake the city of Padua from French forces. July 26 – Krishnadevaraya ascends the throne of the Vijayanagara Empire. August 8 – Maximillian I of the Holy Roman Empire along with French allies begins a siege of Padua that would last for months to retake the city. August 19 – Maximillian I orders all Jews within the Holy Roman Empire to destroy all books opposing Christianity. September 10 – The Constantinople earthquake