Ferdinand is a Germanic name composed of the elements "protection", "peace" (PIE "to love, to make peace") or alternatively "journey, travel", Proto-Germanic , abstract noun from root "to fare, travel" (PIE , "to lead, pass over"), and "courage" or "ready, prepared" related to Old High German "to risk, venture." The name was adopted in Romance languages from its use in the Visigothic Kingdom. It is reconstructed as either Gothic or . It became popular in German-speaking Europe only from the 16th century, with Habsburg rule over Spain. Variants of the name include , , , and in Spanish, in Catalan, and and in Portuguese. The French forms are , Fernand, and , and it is Ferdinando and in Italian. In Hungarian both and are used equally. The Dutch forms are and Ferry. There are numerous short forms in many languages, such as the Finnish . There is a feminine Spanish, Portuguese and Italian form, . Royalty Aragón/León/Castile/Spain Ferdinand I of Aragon (1380–1416) the Just, King in 1412 Ferdinand II of Aragon (1452–1516) the Catholic, King in 1478 Ferdinand I of León (1015–1065) the Great, King of León and Castile in 1037 Ferdinand II of León (1137–1188), King of León in 1157 Ferdinand III of Castile (1199–1252) the Saint, King of Castile in 1217 and of León in 1230 Ferdinand IV of Castile (1285–1312) the Summoned, King of Castile in 1295 and of León in 1301 Ferdinand V of Castile (1452–1516) the Catholic – see Ferdinand II of Aragon Ferdinand VI of Spain (1713–1759) the Learned, King of Spain in 1746 Ferdinand VII of Spain (1784–1833), twice King of Spain: 1808 and 1813–1833 Cardinal-Infante Ferdinand of Austria (1618–1641) Portugal Ferdinand I of Portugal the Handsome (1345–1383), King in 1367 Ferdinand II of Portugal (1816–1885), second husband of Queen Maria II Ferdinand, Count of Flanders (1188–1233), son of King Sancho I Ferdinand the Holy Prince (1402–1443), youngest son of King John I Ferdinand, Duke of Viseu (1433–1470), 2nd Duke of Viseu and 1st Duke of Beja, King Manuel's father Ferdinand of Portugal, Duke of Guarda (1507–1534), 3rd son of King Manuel I of Portugal Austria and German states Ferdinand I, Holy Roman Emperor (1503–1564), Emperor in 1556 Ferdinand II, Archduke of Austria (1529–1595), Governor in the Kingdom of Bohemia in Prague (1547–1567) and sovereign of Tyrol and Further Austria (1564–1595), in Innsbruck since 1567 Ferdinand II, Holy Roman Emperor (1578–1637), Emperor in