Year 1545 (MDXLV) was a common year starting on Thursday (link will display the full calendar) of the Julian calendar. Events January–June February 22 – A firman of the Ottoman Empire is issued for the dethronement of Radu Paisie as Prince of Wallachia. February 27 – Battle of Ancrum Moor: The Scots are victorious over numerically superior English forces. March 24 – At a diet in Worms, Germany, summoned by Pope Paul III, the German Protestant princes demand a national religious settlement for Germany. Holy Roman Emperor, Charles V refuses. April 1 – Potosí is founded by the Spanish as a mining town after the discovery of huge silver deposits in this area of modern-day Bolivia. Silver mined from Huayna Potosí Mountain provides most of the wealth on which the Spanish Empire is based until its fall in the early 19th century. June 13 – Spanish explorer Yñigo Ortiz de Retez sets out to navigate the northern coast of New Guinea. July–December July 18–19 – Battle of the Solent between the English and French fleets: The engagement is inconclusive, but on the second day Henry VIII of England's flagship, the Mary Rose, sinks. c. July 21 – Italian Wars: Battle of Bonchurch – The English reverse an attempted French invasion of the Isle of Wight, off the coast of England. c. September – Mobye Narapati succeeds as ruler of the Ava Kingdom and offers peace to the Taungoo Dynasty, ending the Taungoo–Ava War (1538–45), and leaving the Taungoo as the dominant rulers in Burma. October – The Siege of Kawagoe Castle begins, as part of an unsuccessful attempt by the Uesugi clan to regain Kawagoe Castle from the Late Hōjō clan in Japan. December 13 – The Council of Trent officially opens in northern Italy (it closes in 1563). Undated Battle of Sokhoista: The army of the Ottoman Empire defeats an alliance of Georgian dynasties. Diogo I Nkumbi a Mpudi overthrows his uncle Pedro I of Kongo to become manikongo. In China, a large failure of the harvest in Henan province occurs due to excessive rainfall, which drives up the price of wheat, and forces many to flee their rural counties; those who stay behind are forced to survive by eating leaves, bark, and human flesh. In the territory of New Spain in modern-day Mexico, the Cocoliztli Epidemic of 1545–1548 begins. St. Anne's Church, Augsburg converts to Lutheranism. Births January