Year 1250 (MCCL) was a common year starting on Saturday (link will display the full calendar) of the Julian calendar. Events By place World The world population is estimated at between 400 and 416 million individuals. World climate transitions from the Medieval Warm Period to the Little Ice Age. Medieval music: The Notre Dame school of polyphony ends. Europe February 2 – King Eric XI (Eriksson) dies and is succeeded by the 10-year-old Valdemar I, who is the eldest son of Birger jarl. He is elected as ruler of Sweden, and becomes the first Swedish king of the House of Folkung. October 12 – A great storm shifts the mouth of the River Rother in England 12 miles (20 km) to the west; a battering series of strong storms significantly alters other coastal geography around Romney Marsh. December 13 – Emperor Frederick II dies, beginning the 23-year-long "Great Interregnum". Frederick is the last Holy Roman Emperor of the Hohenstaufen dynasty; after the interregnum, the empire passes to the Habsburgs. The Lombard League dissolves upon the death of its member states' nemesis, Frederick II, Holy Roman Emperor. King Afonso III (the Boulonnais) captures the Algarve from the Moors, thus completing the expulsion of the Moors from Portugal. Albertus Magnus isolates the element arsenic, as the 8th discovered metal. He also first uses the word "oriole" to describe a type of bird (most likely the golden oriole). The Rialto Bridge in Venice (in modern-day Italy) is converted from a pontoon bridge to a permanent, raised wooden structure. The Ponts Couverts fortified bridges of Strasbourg (in modern-day France) are completed. Vincent of Beauvais completes his proto-encyclopedic work Speculum Maius ("Greater mirror"). The first of the Parlements of Ancien Régime France is established. Villard de Honnecourt draws the first known image of a sawmill. The first usage is made of the English word "cuckold", according to the Oxford English Dictionary. Asia July 9 – The Qaymariyya tribe engineers a coup d'état to hand over Damascus to An-Nasir Yusuf. The garrison in the citadel surrenders later to him. A kurultai is called by Batu Khan in Siberia as part of maneuverings which will elect Möngke Khan as khan of the Mongol Empire in 1251. Starting in this year and ending in 1275, the Muslim Shougeng Pu, likely a Persian or an Arab, serves as the Commissioner of Merchant Shipping for the Song dynasty Chinese seaport