Saint-Symphorien (14th century, former Carmelite monastery church). Church of Montfavet (14th century). Chapel of the Oratory. Chapel of the White penitents (16th century). Chapel of the Grey penitents (18th century). Chapel of the Black penitents. Synagogue (19th century). Civic buildings are represented most notably by: The Hôtel de Ville (city hall) (1846), a relatively modern building with a bell tower from the 14th century, The old Hôtel des Monnaies, the papal mint which was built in 1610 and became a music-school. Hospital Sainte-Marthe. Hotel of Saint-Priest (Hotel de Monery, 18th century). House of King René (15th century). The city walls, built by the popes in the 14th century and still encircle Avignon. They are one of the finest examples of medieval fortification in existence. The walls are of great strength and are surmounted by machicolated battlements flanked at intervals by 39 massive towers and pierced by several gateways, three of which date from the 14th century. The walls were restored under the direction of Eugène Viollet-le-Duc Bridges include: The Pont Saint-Bénézet, better known as the Pont d'Avignon and for the French song Sur le pont d'Avignon. Only four of the twenty one piers are left and the bridge ends mid-channel. On one of the piers stands the small Romanesque chapel of Saint-Bénézet. The Pont Édouard Daladier and the Pont de Royaume, which together span both channels of the Rhone leading to Villeneuve-lès-Avignon, thus replacing the Pont Saint-Bénézet The Pont de l'Europe, which provides a second road crossing over the Rhone. Two railway bridges over the Rhone, one carrying the conventional Paris–Marseille line and the other the LGV Méditerranée line Calvet Museum, so named after Esprit Calvet, a physician who in 1810 left his collections to the town. It has a large collection of paintings, metalwork and other objects. The library has over 140,000 volumes. The town has a Statue of Jean Althen, who migrated from Persia and in 1765 introduced the culture of the madder plant, which long formed the staple—and is still an important tool—of the local cloth trade in the area. Musée du Petit Palais (opened 1976) at the end of the square overlooked by the Palais des Papes, has an exceptional collection of Renaissance paintings of the Avignon school as well as from Italy, which reunites many "primitives" from the collection of Giampietro Campana. The Hotel d'Europe, one of the oldest hotels in France, in business since