Queen tour in 1974. Punk rock, often seen as a reaction to the artifice of glam rock, but using some elements of the genre, including makeup and involving cover versions of glam rock records, helped end the fashion for glam from about 1976. Influence While glam rock was exclusively a British cultural phenomenon, with Steven Wells in The Guardian writing "Americans only got glam second hand via the posh Bowie version", covers of British glam rock classics are now piped-muzak staples at US sporting events. Glam rock was a background influence for Richard O'Brien, writer of the 1973 London musical The Rocky Horror Show. Although glam rock went into a steep decline in popularity in the UK in the second half of the 1970s, it had a direct influence on acts that rose to prominence later, including Kiss and American glam metal acts like Quiet Riot, W.A.S.P., Twisted Sister, Bon Jovi and Mötley Crüe. New Romantic acts in the UK such as Adam and the Ants and A Flock of Seagulls extended glam, and its androgyny and sexual politics were picked up by acts including Culture Club, Bronski Beat and Frankie Goes to Hollywood. Gothic rock was largely informed by the makeup, clothes, theatricality and sound of glam, and punk rock adopted some of the performance and persona-creating tendencies of glam, as well as the genre's emphasis on pop-art qualities and simple but powerful instrumentation. Glam rock has been influential around the world. In Japan in the 1980s, visual kei was strongly influenced by glam rock aesthetics. Glam rock has since enjoyed continued influence and sporadic modest revivals in R&B crossover act Prince, bands such as Marilyn Manson, Suede, Placebo, Chainsaw Kittens, Spacehog and the Darkness, and has inspired pop artists such as Lady Gaga. Film Movies that reflect glam rock aesthetics include: T. Rex's documentary Born to Boogie (1972) Brian De Palma's Phantom of the Paradise (1974) Gary Glitter's Remember Me This Way (1974) The Rocky Horror Picture Show (1975) Slade's Slade in Flame (1975) Never Too Young to Rock (1975) Bruce Beresford's Side by Side (1975) David Bowie's Ziggy Stardust and the Spiders from Mars: The Motion Picture (1979) Todd Haynes's Velvet Goldmine (1998) John Cameron Mitchell's Hedwig and the Angry Inch (2001) Kieran Turner's Jobriath A.D. (2012) See also List of glam rock artists References Further reading Chapman, Ian and Johnson, Henry. (eds) Global Glam and Popular