conquest of Guatemala's highlands is completed; the first city in Guatemala, Ciudad Vieja is founded. Members of the University of Wittenberg flee to Jena, in fear of the bubonic plague. Bishop Vesey's Grammar School (at Sutton Coldfield, in the West Midlands of England) is founded by Bishop John Vesey. Sir George Monoux College is founded as a grammar school at Walthamstow, England, by Sir George Monoux, draper and Lord Mayor of London. The Ming dynasty government of China greatly reduces the quotas for taking grain, severely diminishing the state's capacity to relieve famines through a previously successful granary system. The second of the Dalecarlian rebellions breaks out in Sweden. Births March 4 – Ludwig Lavater, Swiss Reformed theologian (d. 1586) March 5 – Ulrich, Duke of Mecklenburg (d. 1603) March 10 – Alfonso d'Este, Lord of Montecchio, Italian nobleman (d. 1587) March 21 – Hermann Finck, German composer and music theorist (d. 1558) March 28 – Isabella Markham, English courtier (d. 1579) March 31 – Edward Fitton, the elder, Irish politician (d. 1579) April 14 – Abraham Ortelius, Flemish cartographer and geographer (d. 1598) May 1 – Johannes Stadius, German astronomer, astrologer, mathematician (d. 1579) May 21 – Philip II, King of Spain (d. 1598) May 31 – Agnes of Hesse, German noble, by marriage, Princess of Saxony (d. 1555) June 11 – Anna Sophia of Prussia, Duchess of Prussia and Duchess of Mecklenburg (d. 1591) June 24 – Jean Vendeville, French law professor, Roman Catholic bishop (d. 1592) July 8 – Saitō Yoshitatsu, Japanese daimyō (d. 1561) July 13 – John Dee, English mathematician, astronomer, and geographer (d. 1608) July 31 – Maximilian II, Holy Roman Emperor (d. 1576) August 10 – Barbara of Brandenburg, Duchess of Brieg, German princess (d. 1595) September 29 – John Lesley, Scottish bishop (d. 1596) October 2 – William Drury, English politician (d. 1579) October 15 – Maria Manuela, Princess of Portugal (d. 1545) October 21 – Louis I, Cardinal of Guise, French Catholic cardinal (d. 1578) November 1 Pedro de Ribadeneira, Spanish hagiologist (d. 1611) William Brooke, 10th Baron Cobham, English noble and politician (d. 1597) November 3 – Tilemann Heshusius, Gnesio-Lutheran theologian (d. 1588) November 18 – Luca Cambiasi, Italian painter (d. 1585) December 6 – Bernhard VIII, Count of Lippe (d. 1563) December 23 – Hugues Doneau, French lawyer (d. 1591) date unknown Giuseppe Arcimboldo, Italian artist (d. 1593) Luis