for the spring of the takeoff of the subsequent jump. If some time elapses between the completion of the first jump and the takeoff of the subsequent one, or if a series of movements serve as preparation for the subsequent jump, the leg bend for the spring can be separated from the bend of the landing leg. History of first jumps The following table lists first recorded jumps in competition for which there is secure information. ★ Outside of competition. ★ ★ Domestic competition. Notes and references Works "Communication No. 2168: Single & Pair Skating". (ISU No. 2168) Lausanne, Switzerland: International Skating Union. 23 May 2018. Archived from the original on 27 November 2020. Retrieved 20 July 2022. "Communication No. 2494: Single & Pair Skating/Ice Dance". Lausanne, Switzerland: International Skating Union. 30 June 2022. Retrieved 20 December 22. "Identifying Jumps" (PDF). (USFS) U.S. Figure Skating. Archived from the original on 12 July 2017. Retrieved 20 July 2022. "ISU Figure Skating Media Guide 2022/23". (Media guide) International Skating Union. 17 October 2022. Retrieved 1 November 2022. King, Deborah; Smith, Sarah; Higginson, Brian; Muncasy, Barry; Scheirman, Gary (2004). "Characteristics of Triple and Quadruple Toe-Loops Performed during The Salt Lake City 2002 Winter Olympics" (PDF). Sports Biomechanics. 3 (1). Retrieved 20 July 2022. Mazurkiewicz, Anna, Dagmara Twańsak, and Czesław Urbanik (July 2018). "Biomechanics of the Axel Paulsen Figure Skating Jump". Polish Journal of Sport and Tourism 25 (2):3-9. DOI: 10.2478/pjst-2018-0007. Retrieved 20 July 2022. "Special Regulations & Technical Rules Single & Pair Skating and Ice Dance 2021". International Skating Union. June 2021. Retrieved 20 July 2022 (S&P/ID 2021). "ISU Judging System: Technical Panel Handbook: Pair Skating 2021/2022" (PDF). International Skating Union. 8 July 2021. Retrieved 16 July 2022 (Tech Panel). Jump Figure skating Jumps Jumping sports