disc composed of electrons captured from the plasma wind within a static disk of captured positive ions. The reports predicted substantial improvements in terms of reduced coil size (and hence mass) and markedly lower power requirements for significant thrust. An important factor in these predictions was a hypothesized 1/r magnetic field falloff rate as assumed for M2P2. In 2022 a spaceflight trial dubbed Jupiter Observing Velocity Experiment (JOVE) proposed using a Plasma magnet based sail for a spacecraft named Wind Rider using the solar wind to accelerate away from a point near Earth and decelerate against the magnetosphere of Jupiter. A 2012 study by Kirtley and Slough investigated using the plasma magnet technology to use the plasma in the ionosphere of a planetary as a braking mechanism and was called the Plasma Magnetoshell. This paper restated the magnetic field falloff rate for a plasma magnet as 1/r2. Kelly and Little in 2019 and 2021 published simulation results showing that the magnetoshell was more efficient than Aerocapture braking for orbital insertion around Neptune. In 2021 Zhenyu Yang and others published an analysis, numerical calculations and experimental verification for a propulsion system that was a combination of the magnetic sail and the Electric sail called an electromagnetic sail. A superconducting magsail coil augmented by an electron gun at the coil's center generates an electric field as in an electric sail that deflects positive ions in the plasma wind thereby providing additional thrust, which could reduce overall system mass. Modes of operation Magnetic sail modes of operation cover the mission profile and environment usually involving plasma such as the solar wind, a planetary ionosphere or the interstellar medium. A plasma environment has fundamental parameters of the number of ions of type (with atomic number ) in a unit volume , the average mass of each ion type accounting for isotopes (kg), and the number of electrons per unit volume each with electron mass (kg). A plasma is quasi-neutral meaning that on average there is no electrical charge, that is . An average mass density per unit volume of a plasma environment ( for stellar wind, for planetary ionosphere, for interstellar medium) is (kg/m3). The velocity distribution of ions and electrons is another important parameter but often analyses use only the average velocity for a plasma wind (m/s). Acceleration/ deceleration in a stellar plasma wind A commonly encountered magnetic sail use case is creating