a 21-year reign in which he has expanded his Shiite caliphate at the expense of the Byzantines, using Turkish mercenaries (Mamelukes). He is succeeded by his 11-year-old son Al-Hakim bi-Amr Allah as ruler of the Fatimid Caliphate (until 1021). Revolt of Tyre: The citizens of Tyre (modern Lebanon) revolt against the Fatimid Caliphate. Al-Hakim bi-Amr Allah sends a expeditionary army and navy to blockade the city by land and sea. China The Niujie Mosque is constructed in Beijing during the Liao Dynasty. The first mosque is built under supervision of the Muslim architect Nazaruddin. By topic Religion April 1 – Pope John XV dies of fever after an 11-year reign. Meeting a Roman embassy at Ravenna, Otto appoints his cousin Bruno of Carinthia (a grandson of the late Emperor Otto I), who duly ascends as Gregory V. He becomes the 138th pope – and the first German pope of the Catholic Church. Births July 29 – Fujiwara no Norimichi, Japanese nobleman (d. 1075) Drogo of Mantes, count of Valois and the Vexin (d. 1035) Elvira Menéndez, queen consort of León (approximate date) Oda of Meissen, queen consort of Poland (approximate date) Deaths March 12 – Odo I, Count of Blois (Eudes), French nobleman April 1 – John XV, pope of the Catholic Church October 14 – Al-Aziz Billah, Fatimid caliph (b. 955) October 24 – Hugh I Capet, king of France (b. 941) November 20 – Richard I, duke of Normandy (b. 932) Abu Talib al-Makki, Shafi'i jurist and hadith scholar Li Fang, Chinese scholar and encyclopedist (b. 925) Gilla Pátraic mac Donnchada, king of Osraige (Ireland) Herman I, Count Palatine of Lotharingia (the Slender), German nobleman (b. 945) Ibn Abi Zayd, Muslim imam and scholar (b. 922) Ki no Tokibumi, Japanese waka poet (b. 922) Strachkvas, Bohemian prince and chronicler Takashina no Takako, Japanese female poet References