Year 1516 (MDXVI) was a leap year starting on Tuesday (link will display the full calendar) of the Julian calendar. Events January–June January – Juan Díaz de Solís discovers the Río de la Plata (in future Argentina). January 23 – With the death of Ferdinand II of Aragon, his grandson, Charles of Ghent, becomes King of Spain; his mother Queen Joanna of Castile also succeeds as Queen of Aragon and co-monarch with Carlos, but remains confined at Tordesillas. March 1 – Desiderius Erasmus publishes a new Greek edition of the New Testament, Novum Instrumentum omne, in Basel. March 29 – The Venetian Ghetto is instituted in the Republic of Venice. April 23 – The Reinheitsgebot is instituted in Ingolstadt, Bavaria, regulating the purity of beer permissible for sale. July–December July – Selim I of the Ottoman Empire declares war on the Mamluk Sultanate of Cairo and invades Syria. August 13 – The Treaty of Noyon is signed. Francis I of France recognizes Charles I of Spain's claim to Naples, and Charles recognizes Francis's claim to Milan. August 18 – King Francis I of France and Pope Leo X sign the Concordat of Bologna, agreeing on the relationship between church and state in France. August 24– Battle of Marj Dabiq (Ottoman–Mamluk War (1516–17)): The Ottoman Sultan Selim I defeats the mamluk forces commanded by the sultan Al-Ashraf Qansuh al-Ghuri. October 28 – Battle of Yaunis Khan (Ottoman–Mamluk War (1516–17)): Ottoman forces under the Grand Vizier Sinan Pasha defeat the Mamluks near Gaza. December 4 – Treaty of Brussels: Peace is declared between the Kingdom of France and the Holy Roman Empire. c. December – Thomas More's most famous work, Utopia, completed this year, is published in Leuven (in Latin). Date unknown Italian explorer Rafael Perestrello, a cousin of Christopher Columbus, commands an expedition from Portuguese Malacca to land on the shores of mainland southern China, and trade with Chinese merchants at Guangzhou, during the Ming Dynasty. Portuguese soldier Fernão Lopes becomes the first known permanent inhabitant of Saint Helena. Leonardo da Vinci accepts Francis I's invitation to France. The predecessor of the Royal Mail, known as the Master of the Posts, is established by Henry VIII of England. Gillingham School is founded, the oldest in Dorset, England. Fuggerei is established in Augsburg (Bavaria), as the world's oldest social housing complex still in use. The fall of the Nantan meteorite is possibly