to Alabama, and Graham was a governor of North Carolina. Records This was the last election in which the Democrats won Michigan until 1932, the last in which the Democrats won Iowa, Maine, New Hampshire, Ohio or Rhode Island until 1912, the last in which the Democrats won Wisconsin until 1892, the last in which the Democrats won Connecticut until 1876 and the last in which the Democrats won New York until 1868. It was, however, the last election in which the Democrats' chief opponent won Kentucky until 1896, and indeed the last until 1928 in which the Democrats' opponent obtained an absolute majority in the Bluegrass State. Geography of results Cartographic gallery Results by state Source: Data from Walter Dean Burnham, Presidential ballots, 1836–1892 (Johns Hopkins University Press, 1955) pp 247–57. Close states States where the margin of victory was under 1%: Delaware 0.19% (25 votes) North Carolina 0.90% (735 votes) States where the margin of victory was under 5%: Tennessee 1.46% (1,686 votes) Kentucky 3.12% (3,934 votes) Louisiana 3.88% (1,392 votes) Connecticut 4.23% (2,890 votes) Ohio 4.65% (16,410 votes) States where the margin of victory was under 10%: Pennsylvania 5.02% (19,458 votes) New York 5.21% (27,201 votes) (tipping point state) Iowa 5.39% (1,907 votes) California 6.19% (4,749 votes) Massachusetts 6.38% (8,114 votes) Rhode Island 6.52% (1,109 votes) Maryland 6.59% (4,945 votes) New Jersey 6.91% (5,749 votes) Indiana 7.88% (14,439 votes) Michigan 9.62% (7,982 votes) Electoral college selection See also History of the United States (1849–65) Inauguration of Franklin Pierce Second Party System 1852–53 United States House of Representatives elections 1852–53 United States Senate elections Notes References Further reading Blue, Frederick J. The Free Soilers: Third-Party Politics, 1848-54 (U of Illinois Press, 1973). Chambers, William N., and Philip C. Davis. "Party, Competition, and Mass Participation: The Case of the Democratizing Party System, 1824-1852." in The history of American electoral behavior (Princeton University Press, reprinted 2015) pp. 174-197. Foner, Eric. "Politics and prejudice: The Free Soil party and the Negro, 1849-1852." Journal of Negro History 50.4 (1965): 239-256. online Gara, Larry. The Presidency of Franklin Pierce (UP of Kansas, 1991). Gienapp, William E. The origins of the Republican Party, 1852-1856 (Oxford UP, 1987). Holt, Michael F. The Rise and Fall of the American Whig Party: Jacksonian Politics and the Onset of the Civil War. (Oxford University Press, 1999). Holt, Michael F. Franklin Pierce: The American Presidents Series: The 14th President,