judging system changed from the 6.0 system to the ISU Judging System, dance lifts became more "athletic, dramatic and exciting". Dance spin: "a spin skated by the Couple together in any hold". It is "performed on the spot around a common axis on one foot with or without change(s) of foot by one or both partners". Step sequence: "a series of prescribed or un-prescribed steps, turns and movements". Turn sequences: a set of twizzles and a one foot turns sequence, or "Specified Turns performed on one foot by each partner simultaneously, in Hold or separately". Choreographic elements: "a listed or unlisted movement or series of movement(s) as specified" by the ISU. Rules and regulations Skaters must execute the prescribed elements at least once; any extra or unprescribed elements will not be counted in their score. In 1974, the ISU published the first judges' handbook describing what judges needed to look for during ice dance competitions. Violations in ice dance include falls and interruptions, time, music, and clothing. Falls and interruptions According to ice dancer and commentator Tanith White, unlike in other disciplines wherein skaters can make up for their falls in other elements, falls in ice dance usually mean that the team will not win. White argues that falls are rare in ice dance, and since falls constitute interruptions, they tend to have large deductions because the mood of their program's theme is broken. The ISU defines a fall as the "loss of control by a Skater with the result that the majority of his/her own body weight is on the ice supported by any other part of the body other than the blades; e.g. hand(s), knee(s), back, buttock(s) or any part of the arm". The ISU defines an interruption as "the period of time starting immediately when the Competitor stops performing the program or is ordered to do so by the Referee, whichever is earlier, and ending when the Competitor resumes his performance". A study conducted during a U.S. national competition including 58 ice dancers recorded an average of 0.97 injuries per athlete. In ice dance, teams can lose one point for every fall by one partner, and two points if both partners fall. If there is an interruption while performing their program, ice dancers can lose one point if it lasts more than ten seconds but not over twenty seconds. They can lose two points if the interruption