Year 1549 (MDXLIX) was a common year starting on Tuesday (link will display the full calendar) of the Julian calendar. In the Kingdom of England, it was known as "The Year of the Many-Headed Monster", because of the unusually high number of rebellions which occurred in the country. Events January–June January – Burmese–Siamese War (1547–49): King Tabinshwehti of Burma begins his invasion of the Ayutthaya Kingdom, which ends in retreat. February 3 – Burmese–Siamese War: Burmese viceroy Thado Dhamma Yaza I of Prome slays Sri Suriyothai, queen consort of the Ayutthaya Kingdom, on her war elephant, when she intervenes in battle to protect the life of her husband. March 29 – The city of Salvador da Bahia, Brazil's first capital, is founded by Tome de Sousa. July–December June 9 – The Book of Common Prayer is introduced in English churches; the Prayer Book Rebellion against it breaks out in the West Country. July – Kett's Rebellion breaks out in East Anglia, against land enclosures; rebellion breaks out in Oxfordshire, against landowners associated with religious changes. July 27 – Francis Xavier arrives in Japan. August 8–9 – England and France declare war. August 17 – Battle of Sampford Courtenay in England: The Prayer Book Rebellion is quashed. August 26 – Battle of Dussindale in England: Kett's Rebellion is quashed. September 17 – The Council of Trent is prorogued indefinitely. November 4 – The Pragmatic Sanction is proclaimed by Charles V, Holy Roman Emperor. The Seventeen Provinces are declared inseparable. November 29 – The lengthy and large Papal conclave, 1549–50 goes into session in the Apostolic Palace in Rome, to decide on a successor to Pope Paul III. Date unknown Peter Canisius starts the Counter-Reformation in Bavaria. The spire of Lincoln Cathedral in England is blown down, leaving St. Olaf's Church, Tallinn, in Estonia as the World's tallest structure. Although trade existed between the two beforehand, in this year the Portuguese begin to send regular seasonal maritime trade missions to Ming Dynasty China, at Sao João Island (also known as Shangchuan Island) near Macau. Siege of Kajiki: firearms are used for the first time in a siege in Japanese history. (The previous year's Battle of Uedahara was the first battle in which they were used.) Excerpta antiqua is published by Hervagius at Basel, Switzerland. Maidstone Grammar School is founded in England by Edward Seymour, Duke of Somerset. Births January 26 – Jakob