vs. odour , while associated vowel neutralisations may make doll a homophone of dole, compare dough . All this reinforces the phonemic nature of the opposition and increases its functional load. It is now well-established in all kinds of London-flavoured accents, from broad Cockney to near-RP. in some words (particularly good) is central . In other cases, it is near-close near-back , as in traditional RP. Vocalisation of dark L, hence for Millwall. The actual realisation of a vocalised is influenced by surrounding vowels and it may be realised as , , or . It is also transcribed as a semivowel by some linguists, e.g., Coggle and Rosewarne. However, according to , the vocalised dark l is sometimes an unoccluded lateral approximant, which differs from the RP only by the lack of the alveolar contact. Relatedly, there are many possible vowel neutralisations and absorptions in the context of a following dark L () or its vocalised version; these include: In broad Cockney, and to some extent in general popular London speech, a vocalised is entirely absorbed by a preceding : e.g., salt and sort become homophones (although the contemporary pronunciation of salt would prevent this from happening), and likewise fault-fought-fort, pause-Paul's, Morden-Malden, water-Walter. Sometimes such pairs are kept apart, in more deliberate speech at least, by a kind of length difference: Morden vs. Malden. A preceding is also fully absorbed into vocalised . The reflexes of earlier and earlier are thus phonetically similar or identical; speakers are usually ready to treat them as the same phoneme. Thus awful can best be regarded as containing two occurrences of the same vowel, . The difference between musical and music-hall, in an H-dropping broad Cockney, is thus nothing more than a matter of stress and perhaps syllable boundaries. With the remaining vowels a vocalised is not absorbed, but remains phonetically present as a back vocoid in such a way that and are kept distinct. The clearest and best-established neutralisations are those of and . Thus rill, reel and real fall together in Cockney as ; while full and fool are and may rhyme with cruel . Before clear (i.e., prevocalic) the neutralisations do not usually apply, thus silly but ceiling-sealing, fully but fooling. In some broader types of Cockney, the neutralisation of before non-prevocalic may also involve , so that fall becomes homophonous with full and fool . The other pre- neutralisation which