death of Jesus for details). The civil charge was a claim to be King of the Jews. Saint Peter: Christian apostle, who according to tradition was crucified upside-down at his own request (hence the Cross of Saint Peter), because he did not feel worthy enough to die the same way as Jesus. Saint Andrew: Christian apostle and Saint Peter's brother, who is traditionally said to have been crucified on an X-shaped cross (hence the Saint Andrew's Cross). Simeon of Jerusalem: second Bishop of Jerusalem, crucified in either 106 or 107 AD. Mani: the founder of Manicheanism, he was depicted by followers as having died by crucifixion in 274 AD. Eulalia of Barcelona was venerated as a saint. According to her hagiography, she was stripped naked, tortured, and ultimately crucified on an X-shaped cross. Wilgefortis was venerated as a saint and represented as a crucified woman, however her legend comes from a misinterpretation of a full-clothed crucifix known as the Volto Santo of Lucca. The 26 Martyrs of Japan: Japanese martyrs who were crucified and impaled with spears. See also Breaking wheel Crucifixion darkness Crucifixion of Jesus List of methods of capital punishment Torture Tropaion Notes References External links "Forensic and Clinical Knowledge of the Practice of Crucifixion" by Frederick Zugibe Jesus's death on the cross, from a medical perspective "Dishonour, Degradation and Display: Crucifixion in the Roman World" by Philip Hughes Jewish Encyclopedia: Crucifixion Crucifixion of Joachim of Nizhny-Novgorod Capital punishment Execution methods Torture Human positions Public executions Crosses by function