directly in the hands of the higher nobles or the papacy. Battles 1145 – Battle against Tivoli, Italy. 1167 – Battle of Monte Porzio against Holy Roman Emperor, Tusculum and Albano Laziale. 1170 – Destruction of Albano Laziale. 1191 – Destruction of Tusculum. See also History of Rome#Roman Commune 14 regions of Medieval Rome References Sources Gregorovius, Ferdinand. History of the City of Rome in the Middle Ages, Vol IV, Part 2. States and territories established in 1144 States and territories disestablished in the 1190s Former republics Italian city-states Rebellions in Italy Medieval rebellions in Europe Commune of Rome 12th century in the Papal States 1144 establishments in Europe 1193 disestablishments in Europe Medieval communes