and sessions last. College and university admissions are mostly a centralised affair, coordinated by the Ministry of Education and Training (MoET). In particular, MoET works closely with colleges and institutions to determine admission quotas, taking into account of predicted market demands and instructional capability and shares information about the National High School Examination result (see below). In addition, the MoET regulates the list of admitted students, as reported from colleges and universities, to reduce inflated "candidates bubble" since students can register and be potentially accepted to many institutions at the same time. In Vietnam, students are admitted to a particular programme, not an institution as a whole. And within any programme, colleges and universities usually offer many pathways that students can choose to apply for admissions. One common and predominant pathway is by using results of different subject combination from the National Higher School Examination. Not until recently, that schools move to diversify their admission pathways, for instance, opting for high school records or accepting international qualifications in lieu or in addition to Vietnamese ones to evaluate students admissibility. Some colleges and universities set additional requirements, especially in specialised fields such as medicine. While there exists many subject combinations and admission pathways, this is not synonymous to a comprehensive evaluation. Colleges and universities treat applicants from each subject combinations and admission pathways as different and discreet pools. This means that students interested in one particular programme from one particular school can be admitted in, for example, four ways: two subject combinations, for example A (Mathematics, Physics, Chemistry) and A1 (Mathematics, Physics, English); and two admission pathways such as using high school records and using international qualifications. In addition, grades and academic performances are still the sole criteria for evaluation, regardless of means of admissions. Results from the national exam still play an important role, even students opt for alternative admission pathways that do not use them, as the exam is foremost a benchmark assessment to whether students can graduate from high school or not. National High School Exam The National High School Exam (Kỳ thi Trung học Phổ thông Quốc gia) serves both as a graduation exam and an admission exam. Colleges and universities in Vietnam use the results from this exam as the most common and the most predominant pathway to evaluate their applicants' admissibility. Results of the exam are organised into different subject combinations, fitting with the nature