of its revolutionary potentialities to generate counter-hegemony. Fruit of this notion will be his theoretical magazine Amauta and the revolutionary organ Labor, which will be closed by the Leguía regime. A tireless critic of the reformism of the Second International and of social democracy, Mariátegui is considered the first Marxist in Latin America, by emphasizing the role of the indigenous masses as the authentic «proletariat» of the continent and proclaiming the need for a socialist revolution, influenced by the radical syndicalism of Georges Sorel. Fascism For his part, he showed how fascism was not an "exception" in Italy or a "cataclysm", but an international phenomenon "possible within the logic of History", of the development of monopolies in imperialism and its need to defeat the struggle of the proletariat. Mariátegui saw fascism as a response by big capital to a profound social crisis, as an expression that the ruling class no longer feels sufficiently defended by its democratic institutions, for which it blames all the ills of the country before the masses, to the parliamentary system. And he bets on the revolutionary struggle, he unleashes the cult of violence and against the new order of the fascist state, conceived as a vertical authoritarian structure of corporations. Mariátegui glimpsed how the triumph of fascism was inevitably destined to exasperate the European and world crisis. Influence In different ways, organizations like Shining Path, and the Túpac Amaru Revolutionary Movement, and the Peruvian Communist Party all look towards Mariátegui and his writings. Mariátegui's ideas have recently seen a major revival due to the rise of leftist governments all over South America, in particular in Bolivia, where in 2005 Evo Morales became that country's first-ever indigenous president since the Conquest 500 years earlier (second in Latin America following Mexico's Benito Juárez). The rise of popular indigenous movements in Ecuador and Peru have also sparked a renewed interest in Mariátegui's writings concerning the role of indigenous peoples in a Latin American revolution. The ruling party in Peru from 2011 to 2016, the Peruvian Nationalist Party, claims Mariátegui as one of its ideological founders. Works During his lifetime, Mariátegui published only two books (The Contemporary Scene and the Seven Interpretation Essays on Peruvian Reality), leaving two more unfinished and unpublished (The Morning Soul and Defense of Marxism published in 1950 and 1955, respectively, although much of them had already been published in the press). All these works,