(1920–2004), British evolutionary biologist and population geneticist Ernst Mayr (1904–2005), leading German-born American evolutionary biologist Peter Medawar (1915–1987), Brazilian-born English scientist, Nobel Prize for immunological tolerance Craig C. Mello (born 1960), US geneticist, Nobel Prize for discovery of RNA interference Gregor Mendel (1822–1884), Bohemian monk who discovered laws of Mendelian inheritance Carole Meredith, US geneticist who pioneered DNA typing to differentiate between grape varieties Matthew Meselson (born 1930), US molecular geneticist, work on DNA replication, recombination, repair Peter Michaelis (1900–1975), German plant geneticist, focused on cytoplasmic inheritance Ivan Vladimirovich Michurin (1855–1935), Russian plant geneticist, scientific agricultural selection Friedrich Miescher (1844–1895), Swiss biologist, found weak acid in white blood cells now called DNA Margareta Mikkelsen (1923–2004), eminent German-born Danish human geneticist and cytogeneticist Lois K. Miller (1945–1999), entomologist and molecular geneticist, studied insect viruses O. J. Miller, US physician, human and mammalian genetics and chromosome structure and function César Milstein (1927–2002), Argentine-UK, Nobel Prize for hybridomas making monoclonal antibodies Aubrey Milunsky (born c. 1936), South African-US physician, medical geneticist, writer, prenatal diagnosis Alfred Mirsky (1900–1974), US pioneer in molecular biology, hemoglobin structure, constancy of DNA Felix Mitelman (born 1940), Swedish cancer geneticist and cytogeneticist, catalog of chromosomes in cancer Jan Mohr (1921–2009), eminent Norwegian-Danish pioneer in human gene mapping Jacques Monod (1910–1976), French molecular biologist, Nobel Prize-winner Lilian Vaughan Morgan (1870–1952), wife of T. H. Morgan and a fine geneticist in her own right T. H. Morgan (1866–1945), head of the "fly room," first geneticist to win the Nobel Prize Newton E. Morton (1929–2018), population geneticist and genetic epidemiologist Arno Motulsky (1923–2018), German-US hematologist who influenced medical genetics and founded pharmacogenetics Arthur Mourant (1904–1994), British hematologist, first to examine worldwide blood group distributions H. J. Muller (1890–1967), US Drosophila geneticist, Nobel Prize for producing mutations by X-rays Hans J. Müller-Eberhard (1927–1998), German-US immunogeneticist, immunoglobulins and complement Kary Mullis (1944–2019), US biochemist, Nobel Prize for the polymerase chain reaction (PCR) Stefan Mundlos (born 1958), German geneticist, discovered genes responsible for skeletal development, and particularly effects of gene expression induced by abnormal gene position in a topologically associating domain N Walter E. Nance (born 1933), US internist and geneticist, research on twins and genetics of deafness Daniel Nathans (1928–1999), US microbiologist, Nobel Prize for restriction endonucleases James V. Neel (1915–2000), distinguished human geneticist, founded first genetics clinic in the US Fred Neidhardt, US microbiologist, pioneer in molecular physiology and proteomics of E. coli