Aravinda Chakravarti (born 1954), Indian-born bioinformatician studying genetic factors in common diseases Daniel Chamovitz (born 1963), discovered the COP9 Signalosome (CSN) complex Jean-Pierre Changeux (born 1936), French molecular neurobiologist, studied allosteric proteins Erwin Chargaff (1905–2002), Austrian-born US biochemist, Chargaff's rules led to the double helix Brian Charlesworth (born 1945), British evolutionary biologist, husband of Deborah Charlesworth Deborah Charlesworth (born 1943), British evolutionary biologist, wife of Brian Charlesworth Martha Chase (1927–2003), US biologist, with Hersey proved genetic material is DNA, not protein Sergei Chetverikov (1880–1959), Russian population geneticist Barton Childs (1916–2010), US pediatrician, biochemical geneticist, philosopher of medical genetics George M. Church (born 1954), US molecular geneticist, did first direct genomic sequencing with Gilbert Aaron Ciechanover (born 1947), Israeli biologist, won Nobel Prize for ubiquitin-mediated protein degradation Bryan Clarke (1932–2014), British population geneticist, studied apostatic selection and molecular evolution Cyril Clarke (1907–2000), British medical geneticist, discovered how to prevent Rh disease in newborns Jens Clausen (1891–1969), Danish-US botanist, geneticist, and ecologist Stanley Cohen (1922–2020), US neurobiologist, Nobel Prize for cell growth factors Francis Collins (born 1950), US medical geneticist, gene cloner, director of Human Genome Institute James J. Collins (born 1965), US bioengineer, pioneered synthetic biology and systems biology Robert Corey (1897–1971), US biochemist, α-helix, β-sheet and atomic models for proteins Carl Correns (1864–1933), German botanist and geneticist, one of the re-discoverers of Mendel in 1900 Lewis L. Coriell (1911–2001), US pioneer in culturing human cells Diane W. Cox, Canadian medical geneticist and expert on Wilson's disease Harriet Creighton (1909–2004), US botanist who with McClintock first saw chromosomal crossover Francis Crick (1916–2004), English molecular biologist, neuroscientist, co-discoverer of the double helix James F. Crow (1916–2012), US population geneticist and renowned teacher of genetics Lucien Cuénot (1866–1951), French biologist, proved Mendel's rules apply to animals as well as plants A. Jamie Cuticchia (born 1966), US geneticist, into human genome informatics D Mark Daly, American geneticist who identified genes associated with Crohn's disease, inflammatory bowel disease, autism and schizophrenia David M. Danks (1931–2003), Australian pediatrician and medical geneticist, expert on Menkes disease C. D. Darlington (1903–1981), British biologist and geneticist, elucidated chromosomal crossover Charles Darwin (1809–1882), English naturalist and author of On the Origin of Species Kay Davies (born 1951), English geneticist, expert on muscular dystrophy Jean Dausset (1916–2009), French immunogeneticist and Nobel Prize-winner for the HLA system Martin Dawson (1896–1945), Canadian-US researcher, confirmed and named genetic transformation Margaret Dayhoff (1925–1983), US pioneer