approaching certain closed gates would cause the player character or vehicle to be launched into the sky for a great distance. There are also glitches that do not require any action on the part of the player, such as a glitch in NCAA Football 11 which will cause the football game to run longer than the time indicated on the clock and, most often, indefinitely. Such glitches can hurt the competitive atmosphere of online multiplayer games. For example, there have been reports that the online multiplayer mode of Transformers: War for Cybertron suffered from hacking and glitches that allow players to manipulate classes and stats through methods not normally available to regular players. Memory manipulation and arbitrary code execution An advanced form of glitching allows the player to access parts of the game's memory in order to change the state of gameplay. This can be done by executing movements and changing the positions of entities, sprites, or actors in a specific way that put particular memory addresses in an order that gives the player the ability to alter an aspect of the game, and can be expanded to giving the player the ability to execute custom code. This is possible in Super Mario World, where if the player causes entities such as Koopa shells, brick particles, and fireballs to despawn at certain coordinates, the memory will be read and executed as code. Another example of altering code is in The Legend of Zelda: Ocarina of Time, where if the player locks the states of certain actors in memory by unloading them in a certain order, Link can pick up an item and his angle of rotation will be linked to a different memory address, such as the value that determine which boots he is wearing. If this is done correctly, the player could obtain a glitched version of boots called "F boots" that have no gravity at all, allowing Link to fly as far as desired. In some instances, glitches are physically impossible for a human as they require inputs with frame-perfect accuracy and precision, or they may be simply impossible on a physical controller. Glitches like these often require pressing several buttons at 60 frames per second, potentially in complex combinations, or pressing both left and right on a D-pad. This is solved by using tools that automatically sends inputs to the game, such as a macro on an