Jews had lived in the Iberian Peninsula since the Ancient Age, experiencing a Golden Age under Muslim rule. Following the Reconquista and increasing persecution, many of them were expelled from Spain in 1492 and Portugal in 1497. Some of their descendants, known as the Sephardim, settled mainly in North Africa, South-East Europe, the Netherlands, England, and America. Jews were only formally readmitted to the peninsula in the late 19th century. The modern Jewish Iberian population is based on post-war immigration and numbers around 14,000. The following is a list of prominent Iberian Jews arranged by country of origin: This is an incomplete list, which may never be able to satisfy certain standards for completeness. Revisions and additions are welcome. Portugal Abraham Aboab Falero (? – 1642), seventeenth century philanthropist. Daniel Blaufuks (1963 -) photographer. Joshua Benoliel (1873–1932) Photojournalist, official photographer for King Carlos I of Portugal. Moisés Bensabat Amzalak (1892–1978), Isaac Cardoso (1603/1604 – 1683) physician, philosopher, and polemic writer. Artur Carlos de Barros Basto (1887–1961) author and military captain. Artur Alberto de Campos Henriques (1853–1922) The 50th Prime Minister of Portugal. Nico Castel (1931–2015) tenor. Uriel da Costa (1585–1640), Philosopher. Abraham Curiel (1545–1609), physician. David Curiel (1594–1666), merchant. Jacob Curiel (1587–1664), diplomat, merchant and nobleman. Tatiana Salem Levy (1979 -) Novelist. Rodrigo Lopez (1517–1594), physician Fernão de Loronha (1470–1540), Explorer and merchant. Gracia Mendes Nasi (1510–1569), wealthy women of Renaissance Europe, became a prominent figure in the Ottoman Empire and developed an escape network that hundreds of Conversos. Solomon Molcho (1500–1532), mystic and writer. Garcia de Orta (1501–1578) Herbalist, naturalist and physician. Pedro Nunes (1502–1578), Mathematician, cosmographer, and professor Jacob Rodrigues Pereira (1715–1780), the first teacher of deaf-mutes in France. Daniela Ruah (1983 -), actress, dual American citizen Isaac Henrique Sequeira (1738–1816) Lisbon-born French doctor. Francisco Sanches (1550 – November 16, 1623), was a Portuguese born Spain raised, French skeptic philosopher and physician. José Maria Espírito Santo Silva Ricciardi (1954–), economist and banker. David ben Solomon ibn Yahya (1425–1528), Rabbi sentenced by King João II to be burned at the stake fled to Corfu. Jacob Tirado (1540–1620), founder of the Spanish-Portuguese community of Amsterdam. Fernando Ulrich (1952 -), economist and banking administrator. Samuel Usque (1500–1555), author. Richard Zimler (born 1956), American-born author, dual-citizen. Spain Pre-expulsion Petrus Alphonsi, 11th & 12th century physician, writer, astronomer, and polemicist. Vidal Astori (15th century) merchant and silversmith. Bonafos Caballeria (?-1464), historian and anti-Jewish