the camp in 24 hours, and never setting. From these calculations, Amundsen determined that their current position was approximately from the mathematical South Pole point. This point had been "boxed" by the skiers. On December 17 Amundsen proceeded to his estimate of the true South Pole position, and took additional observations for 24 hours, two men standing watch for each observation, and co-signing each other's navigation books. Again, this was to ensure that there was no doubt as to the expedition attaining the pole. Four out of the five men in the polar party were trained navigators, Olav Bjaaland being the only one without such training. From these calculations, it was determined that they were still from the pole, and two men were sent to erect additional pennants. Finally, Amundsen added still more pennants to cover the remaining area. In this way, the pole had been boxed three times all told. The official expedition camera had been damaged en route to the pole, so the only photographs taken were from an amateur camera brought by expedition member Olav Bjaaland. On December 18, 1911, Amundsen's expedition left Polheim, leaving behind his reserve tent, along with a letter for Scott and a letter intended for Scott to deliver to King Haakon VII in case Amundsen failed to return. Both letters were later found with the bodies of Scott and his companions, and were further proof that Amundsen had attained the pole. When Amundsen's calculations were verified, it was found that his final camp lay within 2.3 km (2500 yards) of the mathematical South Pole. In addition, it had been ascertained that expedition member Helmer Hanssen—one of the expedition members who had been skiing in a grid pattern between the 'box' markers—came to within of the mathematical South Pole on one of his runs. The tent The tent has not been seen since Scott's party left it in January 1912. Determining the present location of Amundsen's tent requires consideration of the precision of Amundsen's navigation in 1911, the flow of ice since then, and the amount of burial by intervening snow fall. The present location of the tent has been calculated to be 89° 58′ 51″ S, 46° 14′ E, with around uncertainty in the position. It probably lies below the present snow surface. See also Amundsen–Scott South Pole Station Framheim List of Antarctic Field Camps References Further reading Roald Amundsen wrote about