the obviousness of the missing prohibitions. The explicit prohibition against engaging in sexual activity with "both a woman and her daughter" implicitly forbids sexual activity between a man and his daughter, as does the prohibition against engaging in sexual activity with "any that is near of kin". Some biblical scholars have instead proposed that it was originally in the list but was then accidentally left out from the copy on which modern versions of the text ultimately depend, due to a mistake by the scribe. However, most tribal nations also disliked exogamous marriage to completely unrelated people. In several prominent cases in the Torah, the incest rules are ignored in favour of marriage to a close relative; Abraham married his half-sister Sarah, Jacob married his first wife's sister (albeit without his knowledge), and Amram married his paternal aunt Jochebed. Apart from the questionable case of a man marrying his daughter, the list in Leviticus 18 roughly produces the same rules as were followed in early pre-Islamic Arabic culture. Homosexuality Leviticus 18:22 in the Hebrew Bible (text: Westminster Leningrad Codex (WLC): See also Textual variants in the Hebrew Bible § Leviticus 18 A word-by-word analysis of the WLC Hebrew text of Leviticus 18:22: †Note: The word (miš-kə-ḇê) is the construct form of the masculine noun (miš-kaḇ), which in turn comes from the verb (šā-ḵaḇ), meaning to lie [down]. The noun (miš-kaḇ) is defined as both a physical place of lying-down (i.e. bed, couch, bier) and the act of lying-down (i.e. sleep, intercourse). Strong's Concordance lists 46 occurrences of (miš-kaḇ). Of those 46, the KJV translates (miš-kaḇ) to "bed" 34 times, "bedchamber" 4 times, "couch" 1 time, and miscellaneous verb forms of "lying" 7 times. The construct (miš-kə-ḇê) appears only three times in the Bible – twice in Leviticus as (miš-kə-ḇê ’iš-šāh) and once in as (miš-kə-ḇê ’ā·ḇî·ḵā), which is translated as "[to] the bed of your father" (in the context of adultery). Therefore, (miš-kə-ḇê ’iš-šāh) can mean either "the bed of a woman" or "the lying-down of a woman" ["the sex/partner belonging to a woman"]. In ancient Greek translations of the Hebrew Bible, generally known as Septuagint, which serve as important references to trace the original form and meaning of the text, Leviticus 18:22 is usually rendered as follows: Leviticus 18:22 has been translated in common English versions as: The Hebrew wording of Leviticus 18:22 has been generally interpreted as prohibiting