articles were even more damaging than the original charges. In 1994 Pawlowski wrote a second, self-justifying book, Najdluzszy Pojedynek (My Longest Duel), exclusively about his days as a spy. As a young boy he had been part of the 1944 Warsaw uprising, he wrote, and that same wish for freedom had remained his motivation. He also detailed "countermeasures" against him by the KGB, including two assassination attempts. In 2000, he considered legal action against two journalists who he considered had libelled him, and was only persuaded to remain silent when he was told that the government had evidence that while in jail he had agreed to spy against Solidarity prisoners. Thereafter he kept to his painting, his healing work, and his memories. Before his arrest, Pawlowski had fame, unlimited travel, and a pampered life in Poland. He was a Polish zloty billionaire, with money from part-share of a restaurant and from a sheep farm he owned. So what made him spy? "My heart is Polish, my mind American," he would say; but East European fencers laughed at the idea of his motive being ideological: "With Jerzy it was always money." "Jerzy always liked to take risks," a long-time friend and rival explained: Gambling made life more interesting, made the adrenalin run – and if that could be combined with getting more money and hurting the Russians so much the better. But taking risks was at the heart of it: it's what made him such a good fencer. See also List of Poles List of athletes with the most appearances at Olympic Games References 1932 births 2005 deaths Polish male fencers Olympic fencers of Poland Double agents Polish intelligence officers (1943–1990) Cold War spies Fencers from Warsaw Olympic gold medalists for Poland Olympic silver medalists for Poland Olympic bronze medalists for Poland Olympic medalists in fencing Fencers at the 1952 Summer Olympics Fencers at the 1956 Summer Olympics Fencers at the 1960 Summer Olympics Fencers at the 1964 Summer Olympics Fencers at the 1968 Summer Olympics Fencers at the 1972 Summer Olympics Medalists at the 1956 Summer Olympics Medalists at the 1960 Summer Olympics Medalists at the 1964 Summer Olympics Medalists at the 1968 Summer Olympics People convicted of spying for the United States