will be smooth near in any other chart. If is a map from to an -dimensional manifold , then is smooth if, for every there is a chart containing and a chart containing such that and is a smooth function from Smooth maps between manifolds induce linear maps between tangent spaces: for , at each point the pushforward (or differential) maps tangent vectors at to tangent vectors at : and on the level of the tangent bundle, the pushforward is a vector bundle homomorphism: The dual to the pushforward is the pullback, which "pulls" covectors on back to covectors on and -forms to -forms: In this way smooth functions between manifolds can transport local data, like vector fields and differential forms, from one manifold to another, or down to Euclidean space where computations like integration are well understood. Preimages and pushforwards along smooth functions are, in general, not manifolds without additional assumptions. Preimages of regular points (that is, if the differential does not vanish on the preimage) are manifolds; this is the preimage theorem. Similarly, pushforwards along embeddings are manifolds. Smooth functions between subsets of manifolds There is a corresponding notion of smooth map for arbitrary subsets of manifolds. If is a function whose domain and range are subsets of manifolds and respectively. is said to be smooth if for all there is an open set with and a smooth function such that for all See also (number theory) Sobolev mapping References Smooth functions