However, the bulk of their programs are aimed at ensuring durable access to safe drinking water and sustainable hygiene and sanitation behavioural change, as this is crucial in ensuring communities regain their dignity and resilience and embark on a journey of recovery and development. DACAAR runs a Water Expertise and Training Centre that helps build the capacity of WASH implementers through conducting regular technical training workshops and action research and providing hands-on technical support to WASH partners. Their approach enables communities to operate and maintain their water supply systems over the long run. Natural Resources Management DACAAR's Natural Resources Management (NRM) interventions are primarily agriculture and livestock focused and aim at improving productivity and production as a means to enhancing longer-term livelihoods and quality of life among vulnerable Afghan farmers and their families. These interventions are designed and implemented in accordance with the needs of each community and the geography they live in. They help rehabilitate or reconstruct small-scale irrigation structures and build the capacity of farmers in community-based operation and maintenance ensuring improved and strong supply of water for farming. In areas where irrigation water is not available, they support farmers in dry-land farming. Introduction of drip irrigation techniques is another method they have been promoting in regions where irrigation water is scarce. DACAAR primarily employ a Farmer Field School approach to our interventions. These practical farm-based schools bring together a group of farmers to engage in collective learning, experimentation and knowledge sharing over an entire agricultural season. They get updated knowledge and skills on farming best practices from specialists on demonstration plots. Upon graduation, farmers receive toolkits and materials to replicate their learning on own farms, while they receive follow up technical advice and support from DACAAR's specialists. DACAAR have been one of the leading organisations in promoting saffron cultivation in Afghanistan. Saffron is a highly valuable cash crop, and have been important in the effort of stopping opium production. In western Afghanistan where many communities suffer from the moving sand phenomenon, DACAAR have been integrating community-based rangeland protection with agriculture and employment and business development activities. In this way they help communities not only improve their village-based livelihoods, but also protect and stabilise their rangelands in a sustainable manner. Small Scale Enterprise Development DACAAR's Small-Scale Enterprise Development (SSED) interventions are aimed at promoting business development and employment opportunities among youth and farmers in Afghanistan through the delivery