occasions. Greece tsarouhi Montenegro In Nikšic white cords were used instead of laces. These opanci were worn by men. North Macedonia Skopska Crna Gora Opanci s's oputice: with twisted hemp laces, made of oxhide or pigskin, tied on with twisted hemp laces. Opanci s's remeni: - with straps fastening over the instep, made of tanned leather by shoe makers and worn on festive occasions. Romania In Romania, the shoes are known as Opinci. Countryside “opinci” were made out of a rectangular piece of leather, tightened on the foot with the help of thin strings (“nojițe”). The handicraft of making opinci was passed on in the family from father to son. Before 1989 people could really make a living out of it. Serbia Opanci are known as national symbol of Serbia, and part of National costume of Serbia. Šumadija Šumadijski opanak s kljunom, also known as šiljkani: shoes with peak at toes. Šumadijski opanak bez kljuna: shoes without peak at toes. Kačerski opanak or Stariji Šumadijski opanak (Older Šumadijan opanak): with low back, curved peak at front, with woven front upper, a low back and leather ties. West and North Crveni opanci (Red opanci): made out of half tanned oxhide and dyed red by soaking the piece of skin in hot water with alder or birch bark, then the skin was shaped on a last, and a woven front made of strips of leather and tied to the foot with straps of leather. These were adopted from Bosnia in the mid-19th century and were worn throughout western and northern Serbia. Production was moved to workshops by 1900 and tanned leather was used. From 1870 onwards red opanci called donaši or Šabački opanci were most commonly worn. Other varieties Vrnčani opanci: made out of tanned leather and worn for work. Opanci đonaši: appeared at end of the 19th century, and were made of tanned leather in various yellow and brown shades depending on the plants used for tanning - oak apple, sumac, juniper bark. These have a sole (Serbian: đon), top, pleated straps, and leather straps for tying footwear on. Vlaški (Vlach opanci): piece of leather gathered round foot using a cord. Kosmajski opanak (Kosmaj opanci): has curly front, woven upper & leather straps at back Šopski (Shopi opanci) Crvenjaši (Red ones) Šabački (from Šabac) Valjevski (from Valjevo) Užički (from Užice) Kolubarski (from Kolubara region) Moravski (from Velika Morava region) Noske (Snouts)