1990s negotiations to end apartheid the National Party (NP) and Inkatha Freedom Party (IFP) proposed a settlement based upon consociationalism. The African National Congress (ANC) opposed consociationalism and proposed instead a settlement based upon majoritarian democracy. The NP abandoned consociationalism when the U.S. Department of State came out in favor of the majoritarian democracy model in 1992. See also Conflict management Consensus democracy Corporative federalism Directorial system Horizontalidad Minority groups Minority rights Negarchy Pillarisation Plural society Polycentric law Sui iuris Further reading O'Leary, Brendan. 2020. "Consociation in the Present." Swiss Political Science Review. Bogaards, Matthijs; Helms, Ludger; Lijphart, Arend. 2020. "The Importance of Consociationalism for Twenty‐First Century Politics and Political Science." Swiss Political Science Review. Selway, Joel and K. Templeman. 2012. ”The Myth of Consociationalism.” Comparative Political Studies 45: 1542–1571. References Comparative politics Democracy Ethnicity in politics Political theories Power sharing