communities with more than half a million community members were empowered to manage their own development process through training in project implementation, accounting, procurement, participatory monitoring, CDC by-laws and good governance. A new Strategic Programme Framework for 2013-2016 was finalised in 2012 to set DACAAR's strategic direction for the four years. The merging of the two former programmes was consolidated with a thematic focus in four areas: Water, Sanitation & Hygiene; Natural Resources Management; Women's Empowerment; and Small Scale Enterprise Development. The aim was to improve learning and synergies across sectors in order to increase programme quality. DACAAR also implemented a new organisational structure that was fine-tuned throughout the year to raise the overall efficiency of the organisation. The Director became the only expatriate in a line management position and all four departments (Fundraising & Communications; Programme; Finance & Administration; and Human Resources) were headed by Afghans. In 2013 DACAAR was elected by ACBAR members to be on the Humanitarian Country Team (HCT). Additionally, DACAAR was elected as Co-lead for the Afghan WASH Cluster. As the stay of Pakistani tribal refugees in Khost become more protracted in 2015, DACAAR was one of the first organizations to deliver a vocational training course as a longer-term intervention to improving the situation of these refugees as opposed to early programs that were only of emergency response nature. In 2017, In response to the large scale displacements in the country, DACAAR expanded its geographical coverage for emergency WASH programme from 19 to 23 provinces. Current Work DACAAR carries out a variety of emergency relief, early recovery and developmental interventions in Afghanistan. They tailor these to the needs and priorities of each targeted community, delivering interventions in an integrated way ensuring best outcomes for their beneficiaries. The interventions fall within one of the following broad thematic areas: Water, Sanitation and Hygiene DACAAR is one of the pioneering Water, Sanitation and Hygiene (WASH) organisations in Afghanistan, not only for introducing new technologies and approaches, but also through capacity building of this sector in the country. They take Co-Lead in the Afghan WASH Cluster, and participates actively and regularly in Water Sector Group, Water Technical Working Group, and Hygiene & Sanitation Technical Working Groups. Their WASH activities includes life-saving emergency response interventions, aimed at the early stages of a crisis and target recent internally displaced persons and returning refugees, and communities affected by conflicts and natural disasters.