DMF can be utilized as a standard in proton NMR spectroscopy allowing for a quantitative determination of an unknown compound. In the synthesis of organometallic compounds, it is used as a source of carbon monoxide ligands. DMF is a common solvent used in electrospinning. DMF is commonly used in the solvothermal synthesis of metal–organic frameworks. DMF-d7 in the presence of a catalytic amount of KOt-Bu under microwave heating is a reagent for deuteration of polyaromatic hydrocarbons. Safety Reactions including the use of sodium hydride in DMF as a solvent are somewhat hazardous; exothermic decompositions have been reported at temperatures as low as 26 °C. On a laboratory scale any thermal runaway is (usually) quickly noticed and brought under control with an ice bath and this remains a popular combination of reagents. On a pilot plant scale, on the other hand, several accidents have been reported. Dimethylformamide vapor exposure has shown reduced alcohol tolerance and skin irritation in some cases. On the 20 of June 2018, the Danish Environmental Protective Agency published an article about the DMF's use in squishies. The density of the compound in the toy resulted in all squishies being removed from the Danish market. All squishies were recommended to be thrown out as household waste. Toxicity The acute LD50 (oral, rats and mice) is 2.2–7.55 g/kg. Hazards of DMF have been examined. References External links Concise International Chemical Assessment Document 31: N,N-Dimethylformamide Hepatotoxins Formamides Amide solvents