analysis to develop integrative theories of change that have practical utility. He has introduced important ideas in the application of ecology and evolution, including resilience, adaptive management, the adaptive cycle, and panarchy. His early work included major contributions to population and behavioural ecology. Later, he was among the first ecologists to recognize the importance of nonlinear dynamics. This early work on predation led to a series of papers, including his 1959 Citation Classic paper in the Canadian Entomologist, in which he developed the notion of functional response (the relationship between prey density and the rate at which prey is eaten), an idea that continues to be a linchpin of modern population ecology. His 1973 paper on the resilience of ecological systems had a substantial impact within ecology and other natural and social sciences. He has also contributed important ideas to ecological management, including Adaptive management and the Adaptive Cycle. More recently his work on the cross-scale structure and dynamics of ecosystems has been highly influential. This work resulted in the 2002 book Panarchy: understanding transformations in human and natural systems. His work is frequently cited in the fields of ecology, environmental management, ecological economics and the human dimensions of global change. Literature C.S. Holling has edited or co-edited several books: 1978. Adaptive environmental assessment and management. (Editor) London: John Wiley & Sons. 1995. Barriers and bridges to the renewal of ecosystems and institutions. Edited with L. Gunderson and S. Light (editors) New York, NY: Columbia University Press. 2002. Panarchy: understanding transformations in human and natural systems. Edited with L. Gunderson, (editors) Washington, DC: Island Press. 2008. Discontinuities in Ecosystems and Other Complex Systems. Edited with Craig R. Allen, New York, NY : Columbia University Press. 2010. Foundations of ecological resilience. L. H. Gunderson, C. R. Allen, and C. S. Holling, (editors): Island Press. C.S. Holling's most cited articles include: 1959 "The components of predation as revealed by a study of small mammal predation of the European Pine Sawfly". in: Canadian Entomologist. Vol 91 : 293–320. 1973. "Resilience and stability of ecological systems". in: Annual Review of Ecology and Systematics. Vol 4 :1-23. 1978, with D. Ludwig, D. and D.D. Jones. in: "Qualitative analysis of insect outbreak systems". Journal of Animal Ecology. Vol 47 (1): 315–332. 1990, with C.J. Walters, "Large-scale management experiments and learning by doing", in: Ecology. Vol 71 (6): 2060-2068 1992, "Cross-scale Morphology, geometry, and dynamics of ecosystems".