1889, where he ran his own company, Artigue & Sonderegger, together with his brother Maurice, who later became the rich owner of Le Matin, a major Parisian newspaper. See also Panama Canal William Nelson Cromwell References Further reading Ameringer, Charles D. "The Panama Canal Lobby of Philippe Bunau-Varilla and William Nelson Cromwell." American Historical Review, Vol. 68, No. 2, January 1963, pp. 346–363. . Anguizola, G. A. Philippe Bunau-Varilla: The Man Behind the Panama Canal. Chicago: Nelson-Hall, 1980. . Healy, David. Drive to Hegemony: The United States in the Caribbean, 1898-1917. U of Wisconsin Press, 1988. Loizillon, Gabriel J. The Bunau-Varilla Brothers And The Panama Canal. 2019. excerpt McCullough, David. The Path Between the Seas Major, John. "Who Wrote the Hay-Bunau-Varilla Convention?." Diplomatic History, Vol. 8, No. 2, 1984, pp. 115–123. Mellander, Gustavo A., Mellander, Nelly, Charles Edward Magoon: The Panama Years. Río Piedras, Puerto Rico: Editorial Plaza Mayor. ISBN 1-56328-155-4. OCLC 42970390. (1999) Mellander, Gustavo A., The United States in Panamanian Politics: The Intriguing Formative Years." Danville, Ill.: Interstate Publishers. OCLC 138568. (1971) Sevareid, Eric. "The Man Who Invented Panama." External links Historical Text Archive "Philippe Jean Bunau-Varilla Biography" at Book Rags French civil engineers École Polytechnique alumni École des Ponts ParisTech alumni Corps des ponts 1859 births 1940 deaths French soldiers French military personnel of World War I Grand Croix of the Légion d'honneur Grand Officiers of the Légion d'honneur