the cost of mobile devices, are significantly less than PCs and laptops Multimedia content delivery and creation options Continuous and situated learning support Decrease in training costs Potentially a more rewarding learning experience New opportunities for traditional educational institutions Readily available a/synchronous learning experience Decrease in textbook costs Access to personalized content Remote access to knowledge Improved literacy levels Characterization Characterization of M-learning It can get access to information and educational experience faster than other media. It is supported by portable devices, its mobility makes it easy to use. Compared to other methods of learning, the cost of M-learning is relatively low. The exchange of information can be encrypted or private. It is easy to access all kinds of information. Aspects Aspects of M-learning Along with the development of m-learning, many theories about mobile educations are raised by researchers, major aspects are listed. Mobile learning uses mobile technology and is portable. Mobile learning is a continuation and extension of e-learning. Mobile learning is learner-centered, "The learner plays an active role from determination of the goals until the evaluation stage" Challenges Technical challenges Internet connectivity and battery life Screen size and key size Meeting required bandwidth for nonstop/fast streaming Number of file/asset formats supported by a specific device Content security or copyright issue from authoring group Multiple standards, multiple screen sizes, multiple operating systems Reworking existing E-Learning materials for mobile platforms Limited memory Risk of sudden obsolescence Security Work/life balance Cost of investment Social and educational challenges Accessibility and cost barriers for end users: digital divide. How to assess learning outside the classroom How to support learning across many contexts Content's security or copyright infringement issues Frequent changes in device models/technologies/functionality etc. Developing an appropriate theory of learning for the mobile age Conceptual differences between e-learning and m-learning Design of technology to support a lifetime of learning Tracking of results and proper use of this information No restriction on learning timetable Personal and private information and content No demographic boundary Disruption of students' personal and academic lives Access to and use of the technology in developing countries Risk of distraction Mobile usage habits among different countries and regions Growth Mobile learning is widely used in schools, workplaces, museums, cities and rural areas around the world. In comparison to traditional classroom pedagogical approaches, mobile learning allows widened opportunities for timing, location, accessibility and context of learning. Current areas of growth include: Testing,