as efficiency standards, emission standards instructions for state-owned energy sector assets and organizations active participation in, co-ordination of and incentives for mineral fuels exploration (see geological survey) and other energy-related research and development policy command fiscal policies related to energy products and services (taxes, exemptions, subsidies, etc.) energy security and international policy measures such as: international energy sector treaties and alliances, general international trade agreements, special relations with energy-rich countries, including military presence and/or domination. Factors within an energy policy There are a number of elements that are naturally contained in a national energy policy, regardless of which of the above measures was used to arrive at the resultant policy. The chief elements intrinsic to an energy policy are: What is the extent of energy self-sufficiency for this nation Where future energy sources will derive How future energy will be consumed (e.g. among sectors) What fraction of the population will be acceptable to endure energy poverty What are the goals for future energy intensity, ratio of energy consumed to GDP What is the reliability standard for distribution reliability What environmental externalities are acceptable and are forecast What form of "portable energy" is forecast (e.g. sources of fuel for motor vehicles) How will energy efficient hardware (e.g. hybrid vehicles, household appliances) be encouraged How can the national policy drive province, state and municipal functions What specific mechanisms (e.g. taxes, incentives, manufacturing standards) are in place to implement the total policy Do you want to develop and promote a plan for how to get the world to zero CO2 emissions? What future consequences there will be for national security and foreign policy Relationship to other government policies Energy policy sometimes dominates and sometimes is dominated by other government policies. For example energy policy may dominate, supplying free coal to poor families and schools thus supporting social policy, but thus causing air pollution and so impeding heath policy and environmental policy. On the other hand energy policy may be dominated by defense policy, for example some counties started building expensive nuclear power plants to supply material for bombs. Or defense policy may be dominated for a while, eventually resulting in stranded assets, such as Nord Stream 2. Energy policy is closely related to climate change policy because totalled worldwide the energy sector emits more greenhouse gas than other sectors. Energy policy decisions are sometimes not taken democratically. Corporate energy policy In 2019, some