on some of Memel's eco-friendly developments, to show a way forward that can replace the remaining shacks. Since 1994 dozens of people from outside, some from overseas, have moved to Memel, with many of them seeking a healthier lifestyle than that offered by the cities and lands from where they came.. As of 2019 this influx has slowed considerably. The Zimbabwean diaspora has also impacted the town of Memel, with numerous refugees settling here in preference to remaining in their shattered country. Bangladeshis, Pakistanis and Chinese have also recently settled here, many of them being shop-keepers. In the census of 2001, the population of Memel consisted of 469 people living in 182 households. 76% of the people described themselves as "White" and 24% as "Black African". 75% spoke Afrikaans as their first language and 19% spoke Zulu. It must be emphasised that these figures are for the old town of Memel only which is populated mainly by white people. They do not take into account the thousands of black people living in Zamani which is now a part of Memel. When Zamani is included, the tables are turned and black Africans outnumber all other races by thousand (as they do in many other towns in South Africa). Zulus and Sotho people are by far the majority in Memel-Zamani. Memel / Zamani is populated too by considerable numbers of cattle that roam the town's gardens, streets, roadside verges, empty plots and athletics track. Belonging to local people, the human population of the town has long been accustomed to them and they are the cause of many formerly unfenced properties having been securely fenced in order to prevent gardens being eaten by bovine marauders. Health Issues Diabetes, hypertension, cancer, malnutrition caused by poor diets of processed food, respiratory infections and aids further exacerbate the hardships that people live with. Current Issues Poverty, lack of skills and lack of education continue to pose serious problems in Memel-Zamani. The Phumelela Municipality which provides basic municipal services in the area is greatly affected by this and thus it struggles to provide quality, basic services. Some manifestations of this are; the towns water supply frequently dries up, muddy water sometimes pumped into the towns water treatment facility and flowing out through taps in peoples houses, roads crumbling away, long grass growing in the streets, culverts being smashed by road-graders, water meters being misread, accounting errors and