fortified strongholds. In the 1020s, the abbot Hugh of Farfa was able to play one branch of Crescentii against another, and Crescentii support of two unsuccessful antipopes in mid-century, Sylvester III (Pope in 1045) and Benedict X in 1058 were symptoms of the clan's loss of unity and political prestige. As landowners, they settled into more local forms of patronage, as the Crescenzi. The last known member of the family was Cardinal Marcello Crescenzi who died in 1768. Notable members Crescentius the Elder (d.984) Crescentius the Younger (d.998) John Crescentius (d.1012) Notes References Luscombe, David and Riley-Smith, Jonathan. 2004. New Cambridge Medieval History: C.1024-c.1198, Volume 4. External links The Waiting Game: The Twenty-First and Eleventh Centuries Compared - by John C. Rao Famiglia Crescenzi 10th-century Christianity 11th-century Catholicism History of the papacy Medieval Rome Papal families Families of post-ancient Rome