of and combined with a 3T crankshaft, the 2T and 2T-G will have a displacement of almost 2.0 L. The 2T and 3T series use the same connecting rod dimensions, with the different pin heights on the pistons. Aftermarket pistons are available from very low (<7.0:1) through to very high (>13.0:1) compression ratios. Racing 2T-G engines ("NOVA") featured bore and stroke for a displacement. Output is around at 6,000 rpm with a 12.0:1 compression ratio. This engine was used in Formula 3 cars in both Europe and Japan (where it dominated), as well as in Formula Pacific (FP). 3T The 3T displaces and was produced from 1973 through 1985. Cylinder bore and stroke is . The 3T-U was originally compliant with Japan's 1976 emissions standards (TTC-C), from October 1977 it used Toyota's lean burn system called TGP ("Turbulence Generating Pot") in order to pass the 1978 emissions standards. The 3T OHV engines are mated to either of a T40 4-speed, T50 5-speed manual transmission, or an A40 3-speed, or A40D 4-speed automatic transmission. Output ranges from and between the California 3T-C and Japan-spec fuel injected 3T-EU. Applications: 1978–1981 Toyota Carina TA47 (also TA57 in Japan) Toyota Carina TA60 series Toyota Corolla TE72 Aug 1973–Jan 1977 Toyota Corona TT121 Toyota Corona TT130 series Toyota Corona TT141 Toyota Celica A60 series Toyota Celica Camry TA50 series Toyota Mark II/Chaser TX30 series 13T The 13T-U was produced from 1977 through 1982. It produces at 5,400 rpm and at 3,400 rpm with a twin barrel carburettor. Applications: Aug 1979–Aug 1981 Toyota Corolla TE70 (Japan only) Aug 1979–Aug 1981 Toyota Sprinter TE70 (Japan only) Toyota Celica A40 series Jan 1980– ? Toyota Celica Camry TA46 Toyota TownAce TR15 Toyota TownAce Truck TM20 Jul 1977–Sep 1978 Toyota Corona TT126 Mar 1980–Aug 1982 Toyota Cresta TX50 Toyota Chaser and Toyota Mark II TX60 Daihatsu Delta Wide Wagon TB15G (TownAce) 3T-GTE The 3T-GTE, first released in September 1982, is the most performance oriented version of the 3T engine. It features a hemi chambered 8v twin-cam head with twin-spark (two spark plugs per cylinder) design and swirl inlet ports for better efficiency. The EFI system saw the introduction of knock control. It is turbocharged by a Toyota CT20 Turbo (the same unit as used in the 2L-T diesel) to generate at 6,000 rpm and at 4,800 rpm. This was the first turbocharged twin-cam engine built in Japan. Units built