was revived for a confrontation with a master criminal in Zigomar contre Nick Carter in 1912. 1960s American actor Eddie Constantine played the title roles in the French-made spy films Nick Carter va tout casser (1964) and Nick Carter et le trèfle rouge (1965). In one curiously circular and self-referential scene, Constantine (as Carter) enters a house where he finds a large collection of Nick Carter pulp magazines and other Nick Carter memorabilia. Both films are unconnected to the Killmaster book series. Germany The Hotel in Chicago (1920), The Passenger in the Straitjacket (1922), Women Who Commit Adultery (1922), and Only One Night (1922) are among the silent films made in Germany featuring Nick Carter. United States MGM Walter Pidgeon portrays Nick Carter in a trilogy of films released by Metro-Goldwyn-Mayer: Nick Carter, Master Detective (1939), Phantom Raiders (1940 and Sky Murder (1940). Though MGM owned the rights to a large number of Nick Carter stories, the films used original screenplays. In the 1944 MGM movie The Thin Man Goes Home, detective Nick Charles (William Powell) is seen reading a Nick Carter Detective magazine while relaxing in a hammock. Columbia Columbia could not afford the rights to produce a Nick Carter serial, so they made one about his son instead; Chick Carter, Detective appeared in 1946. Television In 1972, Robert Conrad made a television pilot, The Adventures of Nick Carter, which was set in the Victorian era, It was shown as a rare made-for-TV installment of the ABC Sunday Night Movie, which normally featured theatrical releases edited for broadcast. Czechoslovakia The Czechoslovakian movie Dinner for Adele (1977) is a parody inspired by Nick Carter's pulp magazine adventures. It features "America's most famous detective" visiting Prague at the beginning of the 20th century and solving a case involving a dangerous carnivorous plant (the Adele of the title). The Slovak actor Michal Dočolomanský played Nick Carter. Radio Nick Carter first came to radio as The Return of Nick Carter. Then Nick Carter, Master Detective, with Lon Clark in the title role, began April 11, 1943, on Mutual, continuing in many different timeslots for well over a decade. Jock MacGregor was the producer-director of scripts by Alfred Bester, Milton J. Kramer, David Kogan and others. Background music was supplied by organists Hank Sylvern, Lew White and George Wright. Patsy Bowen, Nick's assistant, was portrayed by Helen Choate until mid-1946 and then Charlotte Manson