The Toyota R family was a series of inline-four gasoline automobile engines. Designed for longitudinal placement in such vehicles as the Celica and Hilux and in production from 1953 through 1997, usage faded out as many of Toyota's mainstream models moved to front-wheel drive. Overhead cam (OHC) versions featured a chain-driven camshaft. History of the R family R The R family was produced from 1953 through 1964, and was originally manufactured at the Toyota Honsha plant. Bore and stroke was . In common with new engines of the time, it was made from cast iron (both the block and the head), water cooled, used a three bearing crank, 12V electrics and a side-mounted gear-driven camshaft controlling overhead valves via pushrods in a non-cross flow head (exhaust and inlet manifolds being on the same side of the engine). Induction was by a twin throat down-draft carburettor, the compression ratio was 8.0:1 and the total weight was . An LPG version, the R-LPG, was produced for the last two years. The R engine was the Toyota engine used in the 1958 Toyota Crown, the first model to be exported to the United States. Road & Track was unimpressed with the engine on its introduction, noting that it idled quietly but was "not capable of very high revolutions per minute." Applications: 1953–1955 Toyota Super 1955–1956 Toyota Master 1955–1958 Toyota Crown 2R The 2R family was produced from 1964 through 1971. It is a square engine, with bore and stroke of . Again, an LPG version, the 2R-LPG, was produced alongside the gasoline version. Production had been gradually transferred from the original Honsha plant to the new Toyota Kamigo plant in 1968. Applications: 1964 – Jan 1970 Toyota Corona RT40/RT46V/RT50/RT56 Feb 1970 – Jan 1971 Toyota Corona RT80/90/86V 1968–1971 Toyota Mark II Toyota Bus RH15B 1965–1967 Toyota Stout RK43/RK47 Toyota ToyoAce PK41 Toyota Hilux RN10 3R The 3R family was produced from 1959 through 1968. When introduced it had a 7.7:1 compression ratio. In 1960 the 3R was uprated to 8:1 and the 3R-B version was offered from 1960 through 1968 with the old 7.7:1 compression ratio. The 3R-C was introduced to comply with California emissions laws. The 3R-LPG variant was produced for the last five years. Applications: 1963–1968 Toyota Dyna 1964–1967 Toyota Stout, originally 1969–? Toyota Hilux 1967–1969 Toyota Corona (US) 1959–1967 Toyota Crown 1960–1967 Toyopet Masterline 4R The 4R family was produced