The 1942 United States House of Representatives elections were elections for the United States House of Representatives to elect members to serve in the 78th United States Congress. They were held for the most part on November 3, 1942, while Maine held theirs on September 14. This was the first election after the congressional reapportionment based on the 1940 Census, and was held in the middle of President Franklin D. Roosevelt's third term. With involvement in World War II, it was the first wartime election in the United States since 1918. Roosevelt's Democratic Party lost 45 seats to the Republican Party, retaining only a slender majority even though they lost the popular vote by over 1 million votes (3.9%). This would not occur again until 1952, when the party who won the popular vote did not also win the House majority. This was the most successful congressional election for Republicans since 1930. The main factor that led to the Republican gains during this election cycle was popular dissatisfaction with American involvement in World War II. , this is the last time the House of Representatives was made up of five parties. This was also the smallest House majority that the Democrats had up until the 2020 elections. Voter turnout was historically low for the time, which was attributed to the absence of military men and the apathy of workers at war production plants, many of whom had failed to re-register to vote in their new communities or become accustomed to local candidates. Overall results Source: Election Statistics - Office of the Clerk Special elections Some special elections were held throughout the year. Elections are listed by date and district. Alabama Arizona Arizona received a second representative in reapportionment; it continued to elect both representatives at large rather than drawing districts. Arkansas California Three new seats were added in reapportionment, increasing the delegation from 20 to 23 seats. Two of the new seats were won by Democrats, one by a Republican. One Republican and one Democratic incumbents lost re-election, and one vacancy was won by a Republican. Therefore, both Democrats and Republicans increased by 2 seats. Colorado Connecticut Delaware Florida Florida received a 6th seat in reapportionment; it added an at-large district to its 5 districts rather than redrawing them. Georgia Idaho Illinois Illinois was reapportioned from 27 representatives to 26; it went from electing 2 at-large representatives to 1 without