unoccupied using embedded sensors. Another popular method for lighting designers, architects and contractors are battery backup ballasts that install within or adjacent to existing lighting fixtures. Upon sensing power loss, the ballasts switch into emergency mode turning the existing lighting into emergency lighting in order to meet both the NFPA's Life Safety Code and the national Electric Code without the need of wiring separate circuits or external wall mounts. Codes of practice for remote mounted emergency lighting generally mandate that wiring from the central power source to emergency luminaires be kept segregated from other wiring, and constructed in fire resistant cabling and wiring systems. Codes of practice lay down minimum illumination levels in escape routes and open areas. Codes of practice also lay down requirements governing siting of emergency lighting fittings, for example the UK code of practice, BS5266, specifies that a fitting must be within horizontal distance of a fire alarm call point or location for fire fighting appliances. The most recent codes of practice require the designer to allow for both failure of the supply to the building and the failure of an individual lighting circuit. BS5266 requires that when Non Maintained fittings are used, they must be supplied from the same final circuit as the main lighting circuit in the area. UK specific information Emergency lights test, or emergency lighting compliance (ELC), is the process of ensuring that emergency lights are in working order and compliant with safety regulations. This typically involves monthly and annual tests, as well as regular maintenance and replacement of batteries and bulbs. emergency lights test is important to ensure that emergency lights will be able to provide adequate illumination in the event of a power outage or other emergency situation. According to British fire safety law, an entire assessment of the system must be conducted yearly and “flick-tested” at least once a month. Emergency lighting serves multiple purposes: illuminating pathways for occupants to escape from hazardous situations, as well as helping individuals discover nearby fire-fighting equipment in case of emergencies. Relevant standards IEC 60598-2-22 Ed. 3.0: Luminaires - Part 2-22: Particular requirements - Luminaires for emergency lighting IEC 60364-5-56 Ed. 2.0: Low-voltage electrical installations - Part 5-56: Selection and erection of electrical equipment - Safety services ISO 30061:2007 (CIE S 020/E:2007): Emergency lighting (specifies the luminous requirements for emergency lighting systems) Types For UK and Australian regulations, two types are distinguished: Maintained