were published up until 1990. Two additional books have been erroneously listed as Killmaster novels by some sources: Meteor Eject!, a memoir by an RAF pilot named Nick Carter, published in 2000, and a 2005 release entitled Brotherhood, which is actually an autobiography of singer Nick Carter of the Backstreet Boys. The 100th Killmaster novel—Nick Carter 100—was accompanied by an essay on the 1890s version, and a short story featuring the character; that marked one of the few times the Killmaster series acknowledged its historical roots. None of the Nick Carter series of books carried author credits, although it is known that several of the earliest volumes were written by Michael Avallone, and that Valerie Moolman and NYT bestselling author Gayle Lynds wrote others, making this the first series of its kind to be written in significant part by women. Bill Crider is another author identified with Nick Carter. The Nick Carter name was treated as if it were a pseudonym, and many of the volumes were written in the first person. Authors The works were published under the house pseudonyms "Nicholas Carter" and "Sergeant Ryan". Authors known to have contributed include the following: John R. Coryell (1848–1924) Frederick W. Davis (1858–1933), who wrote eight Nick Carter stories for The New Nick Carter Weekly in 1910 and 1912, as well as writing extensively under the pen name "Scott Campbell" Frederick Van Rensselaer Dey (1861–1922), who took his own life Thomas C. Harbaugh (1849–1924), who died penniless in the Miami County Home in Ohio George C. Jenks (1850-1929) Eugene T. Sawyer (1847–1924) Charles Westerbrook Richard Edward Wormser (1908–1977), who claimed to have written 17 Carter magazine stories published in 1932–33 Stories are also credited to Harrison Keith, the joint pseudonym of John A. L. Chambliss and Philip Clark, who both wrote for the franchise. Books New Magnet Library Films The character has had a long and varied film history, with three countries producing films based on it. France Éclair In 1908, the French film company Éclair engaged Victorin-Hippolyte Jasset to make a serial film based on the Nick Carter novels which were then being published in France by the German publisher Eichler. Nick Carter, le roi des détectives, with Pierre Bressol in the title role, was released in six episodes in late 1908, and enjoyed considerable success. Further adaptations followed with Nouvelles aventures de Nick Carter in 1909, and the character