Estación and Matadero, which at the time were located on the outskirts of the city of Santiago. Cueca and Mexican music coexisted with similar levels of popularity in the Chilean countryside in the 1970s. Being distinctly Chilean the cueca was selected by the military dictatorship of Pinochet as a music to be promoted. The cueca was named the national dance of Chile due to its substantial presence throughout the history of the country and announced as such through a public decree in the Official Journal (Diario Oficial) on November 6, 1979. Cueca specialist Emilio Ignacio Santana argues that the dictatorship's appropriation and promotion of cueca harmed the genre. The dictatorship's endorsement of the genre meant according to Santana that the rich landlord huaso became the icon of the cueca and not the rural labourer. Cueca sola is a solo variant of the cueca created in 1978 by Violeta Zúñiga and other members of the Association of Families of the Detained-Disappeared (AFDD) as a method of non-violent protest against the Pinochet dictatorship. It was performed by a woman (arpillerista) dancing alone with a photograph of her disappeared loved one in her hands. This symbolic gesture of resistance inspired the 1987 song "They Dance Alone (Cueca Solo)" by Sting. The television campaign advertising for the "No" option at the 1988 Chilean national plebiscite featured a group of women (played by real life relatives of the disappeared) singing and dancing the cueca sola. The surviving members of the group would later re-enact this scene for the 2012 Academy Award-nominated film No, directed by Pablo Larraín. Clothing and dance The clothing worn during the cueca dance is the traditional Chilean clothes. They wear blue, white, red or black costumes and dresses. The men in the dance wear the huaso's hat, shirts, flannel poncho, riding pants and boots, short jacket, riding boots, and spurs. Women wear flowered dresses. Cueca dancing resembles a rooster-chicken relationship. The man approaches the woman and offers his arm, then the woman accompanies him and they walk around the room. They then face each other and hold their handkerchief in the air, and begin to dance. They never touch, but still maintain contact through facial expressions and movements. During the dance, the pair must wave the white handkerchief. Basic structure The basic structure of the cueca is that it is a compound meter in or and is divided into three sections.