A federation is a state governed under the system of federalism. Federation may also refer to: Political science Arab Federation of Iraq and Jordan, a short-lived country formed in 1958 from the union of Iraq and Jordan Balkan Federation, a left-wing late 19th century project Federation of Arab Emirates of the South, an organization of states within the British Aden Protectorate in what would become South Yemen, 1959 to 1962 Federation of Arab Republics, an attempt to merge Libya, Egypt and Syria in order to create a United Arab state, 1972 to 1977 Federation of Australia, 1901 – a historical event in the History of Australia Federation of Bosnia and Herzegovina, one of the two political entities that compose Bosnia and Herzegovina, in existence since 1994 Federation of Ethiopia and Eritrea or Ethiopian–Eritrean Federation, a federation of the Ethiopian Empire and Eritrea, 1952 to 1962 Federation of Malaya an Asian nation that existed from 31 January 1948 until 16 September 1963 Federation of Nigeria, a predecessor to modern-day Nigeria from 1954 to 1963 Federation of Rhodesia and Nyasaland, also known as the Central African Federation, an African nation in existence from 1953 to 1963 Federation of South Arabia, formed from the 15 protected states of the Federation of Arab Emirates of the South, 1962 to 1967 Mali Federation (Fédération du Mali), a West African federation linking the French colonies of Sénégal and the Sudanese Republic (or French Sudan, the future Mali), 1959 to 1960 Non-governmental federations, organizations governed by federalism Russian Federation, the official name for Russia since 1991 West Indies Federation, also known as the Federation of the West Indies or the West Indian Federation, a political union of various Caribbean islands that were colonies of the United Kingdom, 1958 to 1962 Fictional federations The Earth Federation (Gundam), a fictional governing body of the Universal Century Gundam anime series The Federation, the main antagonist from Battle Garegga The Federation, a futuristic "US-style" superpower, one of three such powers in the game Elite: Dangerous The Federation (Shannara), fictional country from the Shannara series by Terry Brooks The Galactic Federation, a fictional organisation featured in the Doctor Who serials The Curse of Peladon and The Monster of Peladon The Galactic Federation (Metroid), the main governing body in the Metroid video game series The Federation of the Americas, a fictional country from Call of Duty: Ghosts in the Call of Duty video