No chronicles or other written sources mentioned the August 1385 meeting in Kreva. That led the Lithuanian American lawyer Jonas Dainauskas to question act's authenticity in 1975. However, his claims have gained little scholarly support. Applicare The word applicare, describing future relationship between Poland and Lithuania, caused the most controversy and academic debate. The Latin term does not have a legal definition and possibly was deliberately chosen for its vagueness. The term is subject to wide-ranging interpretations, which could be divided into three major categories: Lithuania ceased to exist as a sovereign state and became a province of Poland. This interpretation was championed by the Polish historians Feliks Koneczny (1862–1949), Anatol Lewicki (1841–1899), Henryk Łowmiański (1898–1984), and Ludwik Kolankowski (1882–1956). This view was newly interpreted by Oskar Halecki (1891–1973), who argued that Lithuania was incorporated into Poland from 1386 to 1401 and became Poland's fief to 1440. Lithuania became a fief of Poland. This view was introduced by Jan Adamus (1896–1962) in 1932 and supported by Henryk Paszkiewicz (1897–1979) and to an extent by Oskar Halecki. Their main arguments was that such a large state could not suddenly became a province in reality and that the Grand Duchy preserved most elements of sovereignty. Lithuania and Poland were united by a personal union. This view was introduced by the Lithuanian historians Adolfas Šapoka (1906–1961) and Zenonas Ivinskis (1908–1971). They argued that Poland and Lithuania were united only by the monarch. References Notes Bibliography External links translation of union of Krewo: http://polishfreedom.pl/en/document/the-union-of-krewo-act-of-kreva The Lithuanian Institute of History article: https://www.delfi.lt/archive/1385-08-14-krevos-sutartimi-jogaila-isipareigojo-apsikrikstyti-su-savo-valstybes-gyventojais-ir-prislieti-lietuva-prie-lenkijos-karalystes.d?id=23507837 1385 in Europe 14th century in Lithuania 14th century in Poland Krev Krewo Krewo Krewo