use a catapult and ran on wheels located at the back of the aircraftsaid to have been adopted by Santos-Dumont for his 14-bis after personally witnessing Traian Vuia's contemporary, four-wheeled aircraft's flight attempts earlier in 1906 in the western suburbs of Paris, not far from the Château de Bagatelle's groundswith a "nose-skid" under the front of the 14-bis fuselage. In contrast to that view, on October 5, 1905, Wilbur Wright made a circling flight of in 39 minutes 23 seconds, over Huffman Prairie near Dayton, Ohio, a year before Santos-Dumont's flight earned him his first aviation award. Furthermore, written and photographic documentation by the Wrights authenticated by historians shows that the 1903 Wright Flyer accomplished takeoffs in a strong headwind without a catapult and made controlled and sustained flight; nearly three years before Santos-Dumont made his first heavier-than-air takeoff. In addition, although the Hargrave cells gave the 14-bis lateral stability, there was no lateral control, which is required for making turns, rolling, and banking. The Wright design used wing-warping for lateral control, something which they had been using since 1899 in their gliders. Without lateral control, the aircraft merely hops, or lifts off the ground and returns to it in a straight line. Dumont added octagonal ailerons to the 14 bis for lateral control in November 1906 (see media pictures below). Specifications Media Legacy The 14-bis was featured as one of the highlights of Brazil during the 2016 Summer Olympics opening ceremony. ReferencesNotesBibliography Gray, Carroll F. "The 1906 Santos-Dumont No. 14bis". World War I Aeroplanes, Issue #194, November 2006, pgs. 4–21. Gibbs-Smith, C. H. The Rebirth of European Aviation. London: HMSO, 1974 Joao Luiz Musa, Marcelo Breda Mourao, and Ricardo Tilkian, Eu Naveguei Pelo Ar ("I Flew Through the Air") 2003 Alberto Santos Dumont A Conquista Do Ar ("The Conquer of the Air") 1901 http://www.santosdumont.14bis.mil.br/ http://www.thefirsttofly.hpg.ig.com.br/pioneer2.htm Hippolyto Da Costa, Fernando. Alberto Santos-Dumont: The Father of Aviation. transl: Soares, Hercillio A. VARIG Maintenance Base, Rio: 1973. Lins de Barros, Henrique. Alberto Santos-Dumont. Associacao Promotora Da Instrucao, Rio de Janeiro: 1986. Tobin, James. To Conquer the Air: The Wright Brothers and The Great Race for Flight. Free Press, New York: 2003. Wykeham, Peter. Santos Dumont: A Study in Obsession. London: Putnam, 1962Additional reading''' External links PBS Nova: Wings of Madness Santos-dumont.net Aérostèles lieux de mémoire aéronautique 1900s French experimental aircraft 14-bis Canard aircraft Biplanes 1906 in France Single-engined pusher aircraft Aircraft first