example signaling server application would include control processing for a rack of line cards. Management applications handle traditional service and billing operations, as well as network management. Management applications are characterized by a much less stringent requirement for real-time, as well as by additional database and communication-oriented requirements. A typical management application might handle visitor and home location registers for mobile access, and authorization for customer access to billable services. See also SCOPE Alliance OpenSAF Notes External links Carrier Grade Linux from the Linux Foundation Computer standards Linux Linux Foundation projects Telecommunications standards