period at the end of Duke Jacob's rule with an attempt in July 1680 at a new colony which also later failed. He began to restore the fleet and factories, and the Duchy never again reached its previous level of prosperity. The island was abandoned except for visiting buccaneers from March 1683 to June 1686, before again being occupied by a collection of scattered Curonians from throughout the Dutch, French, and English West Indies, as well as by fresh settlers from the home country. In May 1690, shortly after the island was sold by Courland the previous year, the Curonian government permanently left Tobago, and those who remained essentially joined the buccaneers or other Anglo-Dutch colonies. Absentee governors would continue to be appointed until 1795, thereby facilitating the continued use of covert privateering Letters of Marque and Reprisal in the region. The Courland Monument near Courland Bay commemorates the Duchy's settlements. A final Curonian attempt to establish a Caribbean colony involved a settlement near modern Toco on Trinidad. Governors of New Courland Jamaican buccaneers and English forces from Barbados invade by 1666 during the Second Anglo-Dutch War. French forces from Grenada then capture the island. The Dutch recapture the island by 1667 and Dutch settlers re-establish the colony by 1668. The Nepoyo (Arawakans) from Trinidad attack the settlement, but they were able to fend off the attacks with the help of the native Kalina (Carib) of Tobago, but were attacked again by the Kalinago (Island Caribs) from St. Vincent. At the outbreak of the Third Anglo-Dutch War (1672–1674), the colony was captured and looted again by Barbadians, where in 1673 Adrian Lampsins and the late Cornelius' son Jan briefly again retook Tobago, but the island was recaptured by an English Barbadian force under Sir Tobias Bridge from Barbados, and Adrian was killed alongside his nephew when the fort was blown up. A new Dutch colony was re-established in 1676. The French attack again by March 1677, with the resulting naval battle resulted in serious losses on both sides, and the French forces withdrew, but returned the following year, captured the island, and destroyed the settlement. Fresh Courlander attempts to establish a colony in Tobago in 1680 and 1681 were abandoned in 1683. New Courland is abandoned from 1683–1686. A final Courlander attempt to settle the island in 1686 was largely abandoned by 1687. New Courland is finally sold to the