suffixation of "-t" or "-ta" is not used. Verbs Usually, adding the suffix "-k" to a verb indicates past tense, though there are many exceptions. If a verb ends in a diphthong, "-kan" is added. If a verb ends in "-i", "-akan" is added. If a verb ends in "-o" or "-u", "-ekan" is added, and if a verb ends in "-a", "-ikan" is added. If a verb ends in "-k", "-an" is added. Regularly, "-ne" indicates the future. Tense and aspect Yaqui possess a "prior state" or 'used to be, now deceased' suffix. It is -tu-káꞋu. This specific suffix attaches to a nominal noun to indicate a prior existence, but can also attach as a verb to reflect the state of a human noun (not only animate). For example, (suffixed as a verb) to the right. The following is a table on the various tense markers that act more as aspectual values and epistemic states. Adjectives In Yaqui, adjectives very often act as verbs (in Afro-Asiatic linguistics, they would be called stative verbs). For instance, "vemela" or "new", would most often be used to mean "is new". Adjectives have tenses, the same as verbs. Reduplication Reduplication is present in Yaqui. Reduplicating the first syllable of a verb indicates habitual action: eta - shuts e'eta - usually shuts Primary reduplication is also used to pluralize adjectives. Reduplicating the second consonant of a verb is used to show that an action is performed rarely. Sample words and phrases o'ow - man hamut - woman tu'i hiapsek - kind (lit. "good hearted") yantela - peace halla'i - friend maaso - deer aamu - to hunt totoi (plural. totoim) - chicken aman ne tevote em yevihnewi - "I extend my greetings" Greetings often are very formal. The following formula of four phrases is often used even among close friends: Lios em chania - "Greetings!" (to one person, to more than one: Lios em chaniavu) (lit. "God preserves you!", Lios [sometimes pronounced Lioh] is a very early borrowing of the Spanish "Dios") Lios em chiokoe - (the reply to the above, lit. "God pardons you!") Empo allea - "May you rejoice!" (lit. "In you happy", 'allea' is said to be from the Spanish 'alegre', meaning 'happy') Kettu'i - "How kind!" Kinship terminology Language revitalization and teaching In 2009, the Pascua Yaqui Tribal Council and the University of Arizona collaborated on a program in which