requiring radio and television stations to be 80% Canadian-owned. The largest shareholder, Famous Players, was a subsidiary of American film studio Paramount Pictures. The CRTC had additionally denied a 1968 bid to sell CFCM and CKMI to Teltron Communications Ltd.; in 1970, the CRTC ordered Télévision de Québec to present a plan to come into compliance with the law or else it would take bids for new services to replace their stations. As a result, Famous Players reduced its shares to 20 percent by selling off to three Quebec City firms, allowing Télévision de Québec to keep CKMI and CFCM. The company renamed itself Télé-Capitale in 1972. Télé-Capitale was bought in two phases by La Verendrye Management Corporation in 1979 and 1982; citing a high debt load, the firm sold the businesses to the Pathonic Corporation of Montreal in 1984. The firm then became known as the Pathonic Network in 1986 before being purchased by Télé-Metropole (which changed its name to TVA) in 1989 and 1990. CKMI faced severe financial problems for much of its history as a CBC affiliate. This was largely because the area's anglophone population was just barely large enough for the station to be viable as a privately owned CBC affiliate; Quebec City, unlike Montreal, is a virtually monolingual francophone city. As early as 1962, during hearings before the Board of Broadcast Governors (forerunner of the CRTC) for a new French-language station in Quebec City, BBG counsel William Pearson described CKMI as one of the most unprofitable stations in the country. During licence renewal hearings in 1972, Télé-Capitale noted to the CRTC that it was keeping CKMI-TV going despite the lack of any path to profitability. It was subsidized by CFCM-TV, which in 1973 was reported to be the most profitable television station in Canada. The newscasts were sometimes pocked with gallicisms, reflecting the fact that CKMI's three anchor-reporters, who produced the station's three hours a week of local output, were the only English speakers at CFCM-CKMI. Indeed, CKMI's reporters often struggled to find anyone who could speak English well enough to conduct an interview. There were so few viewers that one CRTC licence renewal hearing for the station was met with no public comment whatsoever. At one point in 1981, its highest-rated program attracted only 31,000 viewers, a fraction of the viewership of CFCM's highest-rated program. It was not unheard of for French-language commercials originally