despite the change in the surface's direction away from the airflow. The craft is designed to direct the airflow downward to provide lift. Jetoptera announced a proposed line of aircraft based on what it called fluidic propulsion that employs the Coandă effect. The company claims an Oswald efficiency number of 1.45 for its boxwing design. Other claims include increased efficiency, 30% lower weight, reduced complexity, as much as 25 dBA lower (and atonal) noise, shorter wings, and scalability. Jetoptera says its approach yields 10% more thrust and uses 50% less fuel than a small turbojet. Gallery See also Circular wing List of Nikola Tesla patents List of VTOL aircraft McDonnell Douglas DC-X Mono tiltrotor Peter Bielkowicz Proprotor PTOL Quad (rocket) Reusable Vehicle Testing project of the Japanese Space Agency JAXA Rotor wing Thrust reversal Thrust vectoring Vertical Flight Society References Notes Bibliography Allen, Francis J. "Bolt upright: Convair's and Lockheed's VTOL fighters". Air Enthusiast (Key Publishing), Volume 127, January/February 2007. . Boniface, Patrick. "Tilt-wing Testing". Aeroplane, Vol. 28, no. 3, March 2000, pp. 72–78. Campbell, John P. Vertical Takeoff & Landing Aircraft. New York: The MacMillan Company, 1962. Harding, Stephen. "Flying Jeeps: The US Army's Search for the Ultimate 'Vehicle'". Air Enthusiast, No. 73, January/February 1998, pp. 10–12. Stamford, Lincs, UK: Key Publishing. . Jackson, Paul A. German Military Aviation 1956–1976. Hinckley, Leicestershire, UK: Midland Counties Publications, 1976. . Khurana, K. C. Aviation Management: Global Perspectives. Singapore: Global India Publications, 2009. . Markman, Steve and Bill Holder. Straight Up: A History of Vertical Flight. Atglen, Pennsylvania: Schiffer Publishing, 2000. . Norton, Bill. Bell Boeing V-22 Osprey, Tiltrotor Tactical Transport. Earl Shilton, Leicester, UK: Midland Publishing, 2004. . Rogers, Mike. VTOL: Military Research Aircraft. New York: Orion Books, 1989. . Büchi, Roland. Fascination Quadrocopter. Norderstedt, BoD, English Version, 2011. External links V/STOL Wheel of Misfortune – Timeline of V/STOL aircraft, page 5 Types of take-off and landing Articles containing video clips