other parts of the Spanish Empire. The small numbers of Uruguay's Indians and their fierce resistance to proselytism reduced the influence of the ecclesiastical authorities. After independence, anticlerical ideas spread to Uruguay, particularly from France, further eroding the influence of the church. In 1837, civil marriage was recognized and in 1861 the state took over the running of public cemeteries. In 1907, divorce was legalized and in 1909, all religious instruction was banned from state schools. Under the influence of the Colorado reformer José Batlle y Ordóñez (1903–1911) complete separation of church and state was introduced with the new constitution of 1917. Demographic statistics Demographic statistics according to the World Population Review in 2019. One birth every 11 minutes One death every 16 minutes One net migrant every 180 minutes Net gain of one person every 42 minutes Demographic statistics according to the CIA World Factbook, unless otherwise indicated. Population 3,369,299 (July 2014 est.) 3,400,425 (July 2018 est.) Note: The 2011 Census of the National Statistics Institute of Uruguay began in September 2011 and the preliminary results, stating population of departments, were announced in December 2011. Final results with numbers for localities were still pending as of 26 June 2012. Age structure 0-14 years: 19.91% (male 341,402 /female 329,474) 15-24 years: 15.56% (male 265,486 /female 258,611) 25-54 years: 39.48% (male 658,871 /female 671,172) 55-64 years: 10.68% (male 169,385 /female 190,392) 65 years and over: 14.38% (male 194,269 /female 290,237) (2018 est.) Median age total: 35.1 years. Country comparison to the world: 82nd male: 33.3 years female: 36.9 years (2018 est.) total: 33.6 years male: 32 years female: 35.2 years (2011 est.) Life expectancy at birth total population: 77.6 years. Country comparison to the world: 69th male: 74.4 years female: 80.8 years (2018 est.) Urbanization urban population: 95.3% of total population (2018) rate of urbanization: 0.46% annual rate of change (2015-20 est.) Sex ratio at birth: 1.04 male(s)/female under 15 years: 1.03 male(s)/female 15–64 years: 0.5 male(s)/female 65 years and over: 0.66 male(s)/female total population: 0.93 male(s)/female (2011 est.) HIV/AIDS – adult prevalence rate 0.5% (2009 est.) HIV/AIDS – people living with HIV/AIDS 9,900 (2009 est.) HIV/AIDS – deaths fewer than 500 (2007 est.) Racial groups Languages Spanish, Portuguese, Uruguayan Sign Language. There are other ethnic minorities speaking their original languages: Italian, Catalan, German, etc. Literacy definition:''' age 15 and over can read and write total population: 98.6% male: 98.2% female: