over their militias. Increased taxes, the British blockade, and the occupation of some of New England by enemy forces also agitated public opinion in the states. At the Hartford Convention held between December 1814 and January 1815, Federalist delegates deprecated the war effort and sought more autonomy for the New England states. They did not call for secession but word of the angry anti-war resolutions appeared as peace was announced and the victory at New Orleans was known. The upshot was that the Federalists were permanently discredited and quickly disappeared as a major political force. This war enabled thousands of slaves to escape to freedom, despite the difficulties. The British helped numerous Black Refugees resettle in New Brunswick and Nova Scotia, where Black Loyalists had also been granted land after the American Revolutionary War. Jackson invaded Florida in 1818, demonstrating to Spain that it could no longer control that territory with a small force. Spain sold Florida to the United States in 1819 under the Adams–Onís Treaty following the First Seminole War. Pratt concludes that "[t]hus indirectly the War of 1812 brought about the acquisition of Florida. [...] To both the Northwest and the South, therefore, the War of 1812 brought substantial benefits. It broke the power of the Creek Confederacy and opened to settlement a great province of the future Cotton Kingdom". Historiography See also Bibliography of early United States naval history Bibliography of the War of 1812 Elgin Military Museum Indiana in the War of 1812 Kentucky in the War of 1812 List of War of 1812 battles Patriot War (Florida) Sixty Years' War Timeline of the War of 1812 War of 1812 campaigns Notes References Bibliography From the Canadian Encyclopedia. Further reading Benn, Carl, ed. A Mohawk Memoir from the War of 1812: John Norton-Teyoninhokarawen (U of Toronto Press, 2019) Historiography. Ward, John William 1955. Andrew Jackson, Symbol for an Age. New York: Oxford University Press. External links The War of 1812, Government of Canada website. The War of 1812, Department of National Defence (Canada) website. Library of Congress Guide to the War of 1812, Kenneth Drexler. The War of 1812 in the South, The William C. Cook Collection, The Williams Research Center, The Historic New Orleans Collection. American Military History, Chapter 6 – The War of 1812, Office of the Chief of Military History, United States Army, 1989. War of 1812 collection William L. Clements Library.