europaeum, when mixed with water, have been used in folk medicine. The fruit of L. barbatum and L. chinense, known as goji berry, is commonly consumed as a dried fruit. The Chinese tonic gou qi zi ("wolfberry fruit") is made of the fruit of any of several Lycium species, and is used as a dietary supplement. Ecology Lycium species mostly occur in arid and semi-arid climates, and a few are known from coastal zones in somewhat saline habitat types. Invasive species include L. ferocissimum, which was introduced to Australia and New Zealand and has become a dense, thorny pest plant there. It injures livestock, harbors pest mammals and insects, and displaces native species. Selected species Species include: Lycium acutifolium Lycium afrum L. – Kraal honey thorn Lycium ameghinoi Lycium amoenum Lycium andersonii – Anderson boxthorn, water-jacket Lycium arenicola Lycium australe F.Muell. Lycium barbarum – Barbary matrimony-vine, Chinese boxthorn, Duke of Argyll's teaplant, goji-berry, Himalayan goji, Tibetan goji Lycium bosciifolium Lycium berlandieri Dunal – Berlandier wolfberry Lycium brevipes – Baja desert-thorn Lycium californicum – California boxthorn, California desert-thorn Lycium carolinianum Walter – Carolina desert-thorn, Christmas berry Lycium chilense Bertero Lycium chinense – Chinese teaplant, Chinese wolfberry, Chinese boxthorn Lycium cinereum – Kriedoring Lycium cooperi – peachthorn, Cooper's wolfberry Lycium decumbens Lycium depressum Stocks Lycium eenii Lycium europaeum L. – European teatree, European matrimony-vine Lycium exsertum A.Gray – Arizona desert-thorn, littleleaf wolfberry Lycium ferocissimum – African boxthorn Lycium fremontii – Frémont's desert-thorn Lycium gariepense Lycium grandicalyx Lycium hassei – Santa Catalina Island desert-thorn Lycium horridum Lycium hirsutum Lycium intricatum Lycium macrodon A.Gray – desert wolfberry Lycium mascarenense A.M. Venter & A.J. Scott (syn. L. tenue var. sieberi) Lycium nodosum Lycium oxycarpum Dunal Lycium pallidum Miers – pale desert-thorn Lycium parishii – Parish's desert-thorn Lycium pilifolium Lycium puberulum – downy desert-thorn Lycium pumilum Lycium ruthenicum Murray Lycium savory D. Jacobson – South America Lycium sandwicense A.Gray – Ōhelo kai, Hawaii desert-thorn Lycium schizocalyx Lycium schweinfurthii Lycium shawii Roem. & Schult. – Arabian boxthorn Lycium shockleyi – Shockley's desert-thorn Lycium sokotranum Lycium strandveldense Lycium tenue L. Lycium tenuispinosum Lycium tetrandrum Lycium texanum – Texas wolfberry Lycium torreyi – Torrey's boxthorn, squawthorn Lycium tweedianum – tropical desert-thorn Lycium villosum Lycium savory D. Jacobson – South America Formerly placed here Serissa japonica (Thunb.) Thunb. (as L. foetidum L.f. or L. japonicum Thunb.) References External links Project Lycieae, Amherst College Solanaceae genera