approximately 750,000 people were forcibly displaced between 2002 and 2007, including 50,000 refugees who fled primarily to Liberia, Guinea, and Mali. Aftermath: Return to war Ivory Coast held its first presidential elections since 2000 in October 2010, but a dispute over the result led to renewed political crisis and to the beginning of the Second Ivorian Civil War. Soro did not run in the election, nor did the New Forces endorse a candidate. The Independent Electoral Commission declared Ouattara the winner, a result endorsed by international observers, but was contradicted in this respect by the Constitutional Council; both Gbagbo and Ouattara claimed victory and took the presidential oath of office. Hundreds of people were killed in the violence that followed, and hundreds of thousands were displaced. UN Security Council Resolution 1962 extended UNOCI's mandate and called on all parties to recognise Ouattara as Ivory Coast's rightful president. The second civil war ended with Gbagbo's defeat and arrest in April 2011, but, despite its brevity, had a higher death toll than the first: a 2012 national commission of inquiry recorded 3,248 fatalities. See also Simone Gbagbo France–Ivory Coast relations References External links Text of all peace accords for Ivory Coast, UN Peacemaker Safer Access - A Synopsis of Armed Groups and Political Parties in Ivory Coast Sow, Adama: Ethnozentrismus als Katalysator bestehender Konflikte in Afrika südlich der Sahara, am Beispiel der Unruhen in Côte d'Ivoire at: European University Center for Peace Studies (EPU), Stadtschleining 2005 2002 in Ivory Coast 2003 in Ivory Coast 2004 in Ivory Coast 2005 in Ivory Coast 2006 in Ivory Coast 2007 in Ivory Coast Civil wars involving the states and peoples of Africa Civil wars post-1945 Separatist rebellion-based civil wars Wars involving France Wars involving Ivory Coast Wars involving the states and peoples of Africa Proxy wars