exist of the system, with only minor differences between them. One version has an improperly configured Beta Disk Interface, resulting in all information on the disk being destroyed when an attempt to write to it is made on a different machine. The GrandRomMax is not easy to expand because some of its PL/M chips do not support the signals required for sending and receiving data to and from certain peripherals. Grandboard 2+ Grandboard 2+ was a Russian clone of the ZX Spectrum, based on the GrandRomMax GRM2+ board. It was developed and manufactured in 1994 by the Independent Science-Manufacturing Laboratory of Computer Techniques in Fryazino. CPU: Z-80 NEC (8-bit) Clock frequency: 3.45 MHz RAM: 128 KB Text: 24×32, eight possible colours Graphics: 256×192, eight possible colours Sound processor AY-8910m (YM 2149F) Dimensions: 350 × 280 × 35 mm (13.2 × 8.4 × 2 inches) Hobbit Hobbit (ru: Хоббит) was a Soviet/Russian 8-bit home computer, based on the Sinclair Research ZX Spectrum hardware architecture. It also featured a CP/M mode, and Forth mode or LOGO mode, with the Forth or LOGO operating environment residing in an on-board ROM chip. Kay 1024 The Kay 1024 was a Russian clone of the ZX Spectrum, released by NEMO in 1998. It was intended to rival the popular Scorpion ZS 256, and had a slightly lower price despite carrying far more onboard RAM (1024 KB). It features a controller for a standard PC keyboard, as well as an HDD, but not for FDDs – although support for these was available via an expansion card. The CPU has a turbo mode, enabling it to run at 10 MHz. Krasnogorsk The Krasnogorsk (ru: Красного́рск) was a Russian clone of the ZX Spectrum, named after the city in which it was built (Krasnogorsk). It was developed and manufactured in 1991, but not produced in the same quantities as the Leningrad 1. Kvorum The Kvorum (ru: КВОРУМ) were a series of Russian ZX Spectrum clones with three different RAM options: 48 KB (Kvorum 48); 64 KB (Kvorum 64); 128 KB (Kvorum 128). The Kvorum 128 featured built-in tests, a memory monitor, and the possibility of copying in ROM. It also had the option of running CP/M and TR-DOS (via Beta Disk). The Kvorum 128+ had the same features as the Kvorum 128, but included a built-in 3.5″ drive. Leningrad Leningrad is the name of a series of Soviet clones