necessity" may in reality have more to do with considerations of political, sociological, or economic power. Advocates of technological progress however argue that even if admittedly "progress may have its price", without technical innovation there would be no progress at all; the same people who criticize technology also depend on it for their everyday existence. References Karl Marx, The Poverty of Philosophy Karl Marx, The German Ideology Karl Marx, "The Trinity Formula", chapter 48 in volume 3 of Marx's Capital. Josef V. Stalin, Dialectical and Historical Materialism. G. A. Cohen, Karl Marx's Theory of History: A Defence. Perry Anderson, Arguments within English Marxism. Isaac I. Rubin, Essays on Marx's Theory of value. Bertell Ollman, Alienation: Marx's Conception of Man in Capitalist Society. Kostas Axelos, Alienation, Praxis and Techne in the Thought of Karl Marx. Peter L. Berger, Pyramids of Sacrifice. John Kenneth Galbraith, The New Industrial State. Jacques Ellul, The Technological Society. Leo Kofler, Technologische Rationalität im Spätkapitalismus. Anwar Shaikh, "Laws of Production and Laws of Algebra: The Humbug Production Function", in The Review of Economics and Statistics, Volume 56(1), February 1974, pp. 115–120. Francisco Louça and Christopher Freeman, As Time Goes By; From the Industrial Revolutions to the Information Revolution. David F. Noble, Progress Without People: In Defense of Luddism Institute of Economics of the Academy of Sciences of the U.S.S.R. (1957). Political Economy: A Textbook. London: Lawrence and Wishart. Marx, Karl (1867 | 1967). Capital Vol. I. New York: International Publishers. Specific External links Marxist theory Political theories Communist theory ru:Марксистская политическая экономия#Производительные силы