the financial reforms conducted by Władysław Grabski at that time. In American Jewish media sources, Grabski's reforms were described as "an anti-Jewish taxation policy so severe that it resulted in a great immigration movement to Palestine, known as 'the Grasski Aliyah.'" Scholars assessing the Grabski financial reforms note how the introduction of new finance policies strengthen political institutions. In the case of the 1924-25 reform program, fundamental changes were made taxation policy and led to the increase of direct taxation that required increased state-citizen interactions. One effect of these reforms was that the state gathered extensive information on business activities and demanded taxation payments. The enactment of these policies were not without consequence as many citizens, especially Jewish merchants, perceived the reform as an unfair reform that demanded undue levels of taxation. Legacy In 2004, Poland celebrated the 130th anniversary of Władyslaw Grabski's birthday and the 80th anniversary of the public finance reforms he introduced. In September 2003, the Sejm of the Republic of Poland passed a resolution proclaiming 2004 as Władyslaw Grabski's Year. In 2004, a statue was unveiled in his birthplace village of Borów. The Warsaw Agricultural University labelled him as a "great Pole, great statesman, social activist and a man of great heart and mind, one of the brightest Poles of the interwar period". In July 2006, the newly opened Main Library of the Warsaw Agricultural University was named after Grabski, and in front of the library, the statue of Grabski was placed. His grandson, Andrzej Feliks Grabski (1934–2000), became a historian. Works Historia Towarzystwa Rolniczego 1858–1861 (1904) Bilans Królestwa Polskiego w finansach Rosji (1909) Rocznik Statystyczny Królestwa Polskiego 1914 (ed.) (1915) Cel i zadania polityki agrarnej w Polsce (1918) O własnych siłach (1926) Dwa lata pracy u podstaw państwowości naszej (1927) Historia wsi w Polsce (1929) Kryzys rolniczy (1929) Decorations and awards Knight of the Order of the White Eagle (12 April 1924) Knight Grand Cross of the Order of the Crown (Romania) Order of Orange-Nassau (Netherlands) Knight of the Order of Saints Maurice and Lazarus (Italy) Order of the White Lion, 1st class (Czechoslovakia) Grand Cross of the Order of Pius IX (Vatican City) Order of the Cross of Liberty, 1st class (Civil) (Estonia) References External links Grabski's bio at the webpage of the National Bank of Poland 1874 births 1938 deaths People from Łowicz County People from Warsaw Governorate Polish nobility National-Democratic Party (Poland)