are very easy to change, however; they are not easy to load and often present a challenge for camera assistants not familiar with the Konvas magazine. The Konvas runs on an electric 12 Volt DC motor mainly. Some are capable of running at very accurate "X-tal Sync" speeds @ 8, 12, 16, 24, 25, 32fps via 17EP-16 APK, 18EP-16 APK and 19EP-16APK motor drives while 15EPSS motor drive provides electric regulated speeds. The camera is noisy (about 55dB), making sound recording difficult, so it can be used as a MOS camera. This was not a problem in the Soviet Union, as Soviet cinema usually re-recorded all sound during editing via a process called "ADR" or "dubbing/looping". References External links Konvas.org Movie cameras Soviet cameras