27, 1820 in Westhampton; died 1901 in Augusta), married his wife's brother, Joseph Hartwell Williams (1814-1896), who was the 27th governor of Maine (1857-1858). Influences According to Philip Brockway, Judd's early influences were Calvinist puritanism. After a spiritual conversion to Unitarianism as a young man, his readings took on wide spheres, particularly while at Yale College and then Harvard Divinity School. His readings included the poetry of Jones Very, the writings of Thomas Carlyle, Johann Gottlieb Fichte, Robert Owen, Goethe's Wilhelm Meister's Apprenticeship, Goethe's Conversations with a Child by Bettina von Arnim, and the writings of the foremost Unitarian ministers of their day, William Ellery Channing and Ralph Waldo Emerson. Brockway cites Emerson's journal entry from 1852, the year before Judd's death at 40: "I saw Judd in Augusta [Maine], in February, and asked him who his companions were. He said, 'Sunsets.' I told him I thought they needed men. He said, 'I'm a priest and converse with the sick and dying.'" Criticism American critic and poet James Russell Lowell called Judd's novel Margaret "the most emphatically American book ever written". He mentioned the novel in his long satire A Fable for Critics (1848) as "the first Yankee book / With the soul of Down East in 't, and things farther East". In a 39-page review, however, critic William Bourne Oliver Peabody called the work unfinished and its characters and style inconsistent. After publishing his novel Philo, Judd sent a copy to Edward Everett Hale, who responded, "I think Philo glorious." The critic and poet Richard J. Powers finds the child characterization of Margaret in the novel the prototype for Nathaniel Hawthorne's character of Pearl, Hester Prynne's daughter, in the 1850 novel The Scarlet Letter. Works 1836: "The Outlaw and His Daughter." Yale Literary Magazine. 1 (June 1836). 155-61. 1836: "What is Truth?" Yale Literary Magazine. 1 (June 1836). 129-31. 1838: "A Young Man's Account of his Conversion from Calvinism" 1842: "A Moral Review of the Revolutionary War, or Some of the Evils of the Event Considered: A Discourse Delivered at the Unitarian Church, Augusta, Sabbath Evening, March 13th, 1842; with an Introductory Address, and Notes." [third of Sunday evening lectures]Hallowell, MA: Glazier, Masters and Smith. 1845: "A Discourse Touching the Causes and Remedies of Intemperance." Sermon preached 2 February 1845. Augusta, ME: William T. Johnson, 1845. 1845: Margaret: A Tale of the Real and the Ideal, Blight and Bloom;