the goods imported from India. The restriction of imports would prevent re-exporting the goods to the rest of Europe, and that would decrease the total income of the government. He also expressed a great dislike and distrust of the Dutch government for most of his life, and feared that if Britain did not supply Indian imports the Dutch would supply Europe instead. He did seem to be the first to understand the basic concepts of consumer demand and perfect competition, even though bias against the Dutch stems more from fear of a political challenger to England than fear of losing the competitive advantage of England's monopoly in India. See also Gross domestic product Royal African Company - assistant 1708 References External links 1656 births 1714 deaths 17th-century English economists Mercantilists Members of Doctors' Commons People educated at Cheam School 18th-century British economists