in the case of many bells of the 13th century, is the words O Rex Gloriæ Veni Cum Pace ("O King of Glory, Come with Peace"). In Germany, the Netherlands, and in some parts of France, the Angelus bell was regularly known as the Peace bell, and pro pace schlagen (to toll for peace) was a phrase popularly used for ringing the Angelus. In Italy, the three recitals of the Angelus are referred to as avemmaria, hence L' avemmaria del giorno, L' avemmaria del mezzo giorno and L' avemmaria della sera. It was customary at one time to calculate hours of the day from the evening Angelus, or avemmaria for short. Hence the origin of the phrase that appears in Leoncavallo's opera Pagliacci: "venti tre ore"' ("the twenty-third hour") refers to one hour before the evening Angelus. In Slovakia, mainly the noon Angelus was commonly referred to as "na Anjel Pána" (at Angelus), similar to Czech "na Anděl Páně". These terms were also part of their contemporary artistic works. Poetry The poem "The Irish Unionist's Farewell" by Sir John Betjeman has this line "and the Angelus is calling". Francis Bret Harte wrote "The Angelus" referencing the twilight tolling of the Angelus bell at a Californian mission. Denis Florence MacCarthy's poem "The Bell-Founder" describes the fashioning of Angelus bells. Angelus is mentioned in Book 11 of Pan Tadeusz by Adam Mickiewicz. Francis Jammes' most famous collection of poems is the 1897 De l'angélus de l'aube à l'angélus du soir ("From morning Angelus to evening Angelus"). In "The Angelus", Donegal poet Elizabeth Shane portrays an elderly couple cutting peat reminiscent of the scene in Millet's painting. In a poem set to music circa 1919, "The Foggy Dew", Canon Charles O'Neill (1887–1963) memorialized the Easter Rising also known as the Easter Rebellion of 1916. One of the lines reads: "But the Angelus Bell o'er the Liffey's swell rang out in the foggy dew". A poem by Edgar Allan Poe, "A Catholic Hymn", and various similar titles in 1835 as part of a short story and again in 1845. Apparently written after hearing the Angelus bells whilst passing a church. Music Franz Biebl set the prayer for two men's choirs, called Ave Maria (Angelus Domini), published also in versions for mixed choirs. See also Catholic devotions Marialis Cultus Memorare Regina caeli Three Hail Marys Notes Bibliography External links "Angelus Bell" in the Catholic Encyclopedia