is used to carry out fracture treatment of the rock. Promote the adhesion of coatings Two interlinked layers of the interface can increase the adhesion strength of the coating to the surface. Other examples of polymers that can be crosslinked are ethylene-vinyl acetate – as used in solar panel manufacturing – and polyethylene. Alkyd enamels, the dominant type of commercial oil-based paint, cure by oxidative crosslinking after exposure to air. Measuring degree of crosslinking Crosslinking is often measured by swelling tests. The crosslinked sample is placed into a good solvent at a specific temperature, and either the change in mass or the change in volume is measured. The more crosslinking, the less swelling is attainable. Based on the degree of swelling, the Flory Interaction Parameter (which relates the solvent interaction with the sample), and the density of the solvent, the theoretical degree of crosslinking can be calculated according to Flory's Network Theory. Two ASTM standards are commonly used to describe the degree of crosslinking in thermoplastics. In ASTM D2765, the sample is weighed, then placed in a solvent for 24 hours, weighed again while swollen, then dried and weighed a final time. The degree of swelling and the soluble portion can be calculated. In another ASTM standard, F2214, the sample is placed in an instrument that measures the height change in the sample, allowing the user to measure the volume change. The crosslink density can then be calculated. See also Branching (polymer chemistry) Cross-linked enzyme aggregate Cross-linked polyethylene (PEX) Crosslinking of DNA Fixation (histology) Phenol formaldehyde resin (phenolic resin) References External links Application note on how to measure degree of crosslinking in plastics Ageing processes Polymer chemistry Protein–protein interaction assays Rubber properties