appeared in records on 7 May 1867, containing only the words "Municipality of North Willoughby Common Seal". In 1890 the floral emblem was used in the middle of the seal for the first time with "Borough of Willoughby". Willoughby became a City on 17 November 1989 and the city crest was altered accordingly, with the wording "The Council of the City of Willoughby" replacing the previous title and a mural crown added to symbolise city status. It was this latest seal that was incorporated into the Willoughby City Flag, designed by John Vaughan and first flown on 12 May 1990. The present council seal, formally adopted in August 1990, contains an emblem of various native flowers: Waratah – Telopea speciosissima Christmas Bell – Blandfordia grandiflora Sydney Red Gum – Angophora costata Flannel Flower – Actinotus helianthi Native Rose – Boronia serrulata Two of the main pioneering industries of the area are also symolised in the seal: the tanning industry represented by the leather belt and the brick-making industry represented in the mural crown. In July 1999, council adopted a corporate logo, taking the form of a stylised Waratah, with the phrase "City of Diversity". References External links Willoughby City Council Willoughby 1865 establishments in Australia