He was buried in St James's Church, Piccadilly. There is a marble statue of Malcolm, by Francis Chantrey, in the north transept of Westminster Abbey. There is also a statue of him in the town hall at Bombay and a 100-foot-high obelisk celebrating his achievements on Whita Hill, above Langholm in Scotland. Family In 1807 he married (in Mysore) Isabella Charlotte, the second daughter of General Sir Alexander Campbell. She bore five children, including George Alexander Malcolm. Legacy Together with his contemporaries Mountstuart Elphinstone and Sir Thomas Munro, Malcolm was an architect of three early principles of British rule, whose wisdom "was too soon forgotten and remembered too late". Four main themes can be identified. Firstly, India was to be ruled for the benefit of the company – but also of Indians, i.e. no British settlers. Secondly, indirect rule was to be preferred, leaving existing Indian rulers in place wherever possible, with minimal disturbance of traditional methods of governance, religion and social structure. Thirdly, Malcolm helped to develop the role of the District Officer, a small group of powerful administrators with minimal overt force to support them. Fourthly, Malcolm promoted a 'forward' foreign policy; meaning diplomatic engagement with neighbouring states such as Iran, Afghanistan and Central Asia. He was a mentor and inspiration to several celebrated Anglo-Indian statesmen – among them Henry Pottinger, Charles Metcalfe, Alexander Burnes and Henry Rawlinson Literary works Malcolm wrote nine books, plus a volume of poetry, as follows: Sketch of the Sikhs, 1812 Sketch of the Political History of India, 1811 Disturbances in the Madras Army in 1809, 1812 The History of Persia, 1815 A Memoir of Central India, 1823 The Political History of India, 1826 Sketches of Persia; this book is not written by Malcolm,but by one of his companions in his mission to Iran; the writer remains anonymous and has introduced himself as the traveller;he has referred to Malcolm in his text as ilchi ,which is a Persian word means envoy of a foreign country . , 1827 The Government of India, 1833 The Life of Robert, Lord Clive, 1836 (posthumous) References Further reading Significant Scots External links 1769 births 1833 deaths 19th-century Scottish historians Scottish politicians Governors of Bombay People from Dumfries and Galloway British East India Company Army generals UK MPs 1830–1831 UK MPs 1831–1832 Members of the Parliament of the United Kingdom for Launceston Fellows of the Royal Society British