Jesse Leonard Steinfeld (January 6, 1927 – August 5, 2014) was an American physician and public health official. He was appointed the eleventh surgeon general of the United States from 1969 to 1973. Early life and education Steinfeld was born in the Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, suburb of West Aliquippa. He was the son of Jewish immigrants from Hungary. His father was a smoker and died when Steinfeld was 5 years of age. His mother ran a dry goods and hardware store. He received his B.S. from the University of Pittsburgh in 1945 and his M.D. degree from Western Reserve University (now called Case Western Reserve University) in 1949. Steinfeld then completed an internship at Cedars of Lebanon Hospital in Los Angeles and residencies at the Veterans Administration Hospital in Long Beach, California, and at the University of California, San Francisco in the Laboratory of Experimental Oncology. Early career Steinfeld became instructor in medicine at the University of California, San Francisco in 1952. From 1954 to 1958, he served as director of the radioisotope laboratory of the National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, and simultaneously held an appointment as instructor in medicine at the George Washington University School of Medicine. In 1959, he joined the faculty of the University of Southern California School of Medicine as assistant professor of medicine, rising through the ranks to associate professor in 1963 and professor in 1967. His research interests focused on cancer. In 1968, Steinfeld returned to the National Cancer Institute as associate director for programs. The following year, he was made deputy director of the institute. Surgeon general He was appointed deputy assistant secretary for health and scientific affairs, and surgeon general beginning December 18, 1969. A reorganization of the Public Health Service in 1968 had transferred its leadership to the Assistant Secretary for Health and Scientific Affairs, so Steinfeld no longer had the line management authority of surgeons general in the pre-1968 period. During his tenure, there was an effort to do away with the Public Health Service Commissioned Corps, and a 1971 report made such a recommendation. The report also called the position of surgeon general "an organizational anomaly," thus calling into question the need for such a position. Steinfeld spoke on behalf of the internal opposition to the report, and thanks to strong support for the corps and the surgeon general on the part of certain members of the United