Communist Party of Greece and he was obliged to quit the editorship of Avanti. Afterwards he focused his action on Thessaloniki's Jewish community, and participated in a splinter group that—with help from Papanastasiou, then Prime Minister—tried unsuccessfully to split the Communist Party. At that time he and Papanastasiou agreed on the need for reforms and not revolution, and on the priority of abolishing the monarchy. An equally urgent imperative, though, was combating racism and anti-Semitism. Benaroya remained politically active after 1924 but as he stayed outside the principal political formations of the left, the communists and Papanastasiou's socialists, his capacity for action was increasingly restricted. In Thessaloniki he had a difficult political life, especially after the Liberals' more nationalist turn by the end of the decade, and the repeated coups d'état of 1935 that destroyed the Republic and the hopes of the democratic left. In the 1940s he lost a son during the Greco-Italian war, he survived the Nazi concentration camps, and led a small socialist party in Greece after his return collaborating himself with Alexandros Svolos. He left to Israel in 1953, to Holon, where he ran a small newspaper kiosk. He died in 1979, aged ninety two, in poverty. Notes References Marketos, Spyros, ‘Avraam Benaroya and the impossible reform’, Justice (Special issue: Remembering Salonika) (Spring 1999), 38-43. Mazower, Mark, Salonica, City of Ghosts: Christians, Muslims and Jews, 1430-1950'', 2004, . A. Thomas Lane, Biographical dictionary of European labor leaders, Greenwood Publishing Group, 1995, pp. 75–76, . 1887 births 1979 deaths People from Vidin Politicians from Thessaloniki Jews from Thessaloniki Bulgarian people of Jewish descent Greek Sephardi Jews Greek socialists MPs of Thessaloniki Communist Party of Greece politicians Bulgarian emigrants to Israel Greek emigrants to Israel Jewish concentration camp survivors University of Belgrade Faculty of Law alumni 20th-century Sephardi Jews Sephardi Jews from the Ottoman Empire Jewish socialists