(Harris, May 1856), France (Montigny, August 1856), Denmark (1858), Portugal (1858), the Netherlands (1860) and Prussia (Eulenberg, 1861), all of which Prince Wongsathirat Sanit, Mongkut's younger half-brother and Chaophraya Si Suriyawong (called 'Kalahom' in Western sources) were the main negotiators. King Mongkut declared freedom of religion for his subjects in 1858.Bowring Treaty had great socioeconomic impact on Siam. Siamese economy was neoliberalized, began to transform from self-subsistence to export-oriented economy and was incorporated into world economy. The liberation of rice export, which had been previously restricted, led to rapid growth of rice plantations and production in Central Siam as rice arose to become Siam's top export commodity. Increased scale of production led to demands for manpower in the industry that rendered traditional corvée system less useful and thus social changes were needed. The Bowring Treaty of 1855 marks the beginning of 'modern' Siam in most histories. However, these commercial concessions also took drastic effect on government revenues, which was sacrificed in the name of national security and trade liberty. The government relied on corrupted and ineffective Chinese tax collector system to generate and levy numerous new tax farms that would compensate revenue loss. The disarray of Siamese tax system would lead to fiscal reforms in 1873. Siam played the balance between European governments and their own colonial administrations. King Mongkut sent Siamese missions to London in 1857 and to Paris in 1861. These missions were the first Siamese missions to Europe after the last one in 1688 in Ayutthaya Period. Bunnag family dominated the kingdom's foreign affairs. France acquired Cochinchina in 1862. The French were proven to be hostile new neighbor. King Ang Duong of Cambodia died in 1860, followed by a civil war between his sons Norodom and Si Votha. Norodom sought French assistance. French admiral La Grandière had Norodom sign a treaty that put Cambodia under French protection in 1863 without Siam's acknowledgement and the French crowned Norodom as King of Cambodia in 1864. Si Suriyawong the Kalahom responded by having Norodom sign another opposing treaty that recognized Siamese suzerainty over Cambodia and had it published in The Strait Times in 1864, much to embarrassment of Gabriel Aubaret the French consul. The French sought to annul the opposing treaty as Aubaret brought gunboat to Bangkok. Franco-Siamese compromise draft over Cambodian issues was signed in 1865 but ratification was delayed at Paris due to prospect that France would accept