Earth orbit insertion is now possible by the S-IVB alone. Other than not using the SM engine, this is identical to an S-IVB to COI abort. See also Apollo pre-launch abort modes Space Shuttle abort modes Orion abort modes Soyuz abort modes Notes References ASTP Recovery Requirements - NASA History Office NASA TN D-7083: Launch Escape Propulsion Subsystem NASA TN D-6847: Apollo Experience Report—Abort Planning Apollo 11 Glossary - spacelog.org Apollo program