The Lifelong Learning Programme 2007–2013 (previously referred to as the "Integrated action programme in the field of lifelong learning" or the "Integrated programme") was the European Union programme for education and training. Introduction The Lifelong Learning Programme 2007–2013 was established by Decision No.1720/2006/EC of the European Parliament and of the Council of 15 November 2006. It was the single financial instrument available to the Commission for its directly managed education and training policies during the period covered by the European Union's 2007–2013 financial perspective. The Programme continued the main actions launched under previous action programmes (in particular, it brings together the various actions financed under the Socrates programme and the Leonardo da Vinci programme). It had six sub-programmes: The Comenius programme, supporting actions for schools (from pre-primary schools to upper secondary or equivalent) The Erasmus programme, supporting exchanges of students in higher education, as well as cooperation between universities and colleges, etc.; The Leonardo da Vinci programme, supporting actions in initial and continuing vocational education and training (including student and apprentice exchanges, cooperation between colleges, etc.) The Grundtvig programme, supporting actions in the field of adult education The Transversal programme covering activities in four themed areas across all sectors of education and training: policy cooperation and innovation in education and training; foreign language teaching; development of ICT-based content and services, such as Euroguidance and Ploteus; and dissemination of results of the programme; The Jean Monnet Programme, supporting institutions and actions in favour of European integration. Objectives The Programme's objectives are first, to support the development of quality lifelong learning (a reference to the first paragraphs of Articles 149 and 150 of the Treaty of Rome, which establish the European Union's duties in education and training in those terms); and thereafter to help member states of the European Union develop their own education and training systems. Although the objectives are expressed in somewhat abstract terms, they are underpinned by actions which concentrate on the creation of links between people, institutions and countries in education and training – what the programme describes as the "European Dimension" of education and training. Actions supported The programme supports exchanges and connections between people, institutions and countries within the European Union and the European Economic Area. Exchanges between individuals These include (for example): Erasmus Student exchanges of between 3 and 12 months, in which students leave their home university and follow an agreed part of their