Examples: ATC, NDC, ICD-11 Topographical codes Are codes that indicate a specific location in the body Examples :ICD-O, SNOMED, ICD-11 WHO Family of International Classifications The World Health Organization (WHO) maintains several internationally endorsed classifications designed to facilitate the comparison of health related data within and across populations and over time as well as the compilation of nationally consistent data. This "Family of International Classifications" (FIC) include three main (or reference) classifications on basic parameters of health prepared by the organization and approved by the World Health Assembly for international use, as well as a number of derived and related classifications providing additional details. Some of these international standards have been revised and adapted by various countries for national use. Reference classifications International Statistical Classification of Diseases and Related Health Problems (ICD) ICD-10 (10th revision, in use by WHO since 1994) ICD-11 (11th revision) International Classification of Functioning, Disability and Health (ICF) International Classification of Health Interventions (ICHI) Derived classifications Derived classifications are based on the WHO reference classifications (i.e. ICD and ICF). They include the following: International Classification of Diseases for Oncology, Third Edition (ICD-O-3) The ICD-10 Classification of Mental and Behavioural Disorders – This publication deals exclusively with Chapter of ICD-10, and is available as two variants; Clinical descriptions and diagnostic guidelines, also known as the blue book. Diagnostic criteria for research, also known as the green book. Application of the International Classification of Diseases to Dentistry and Stomatology, 3rd Edition (ICD-DA) Application of the International Classification of Diseases to Neurology (ICD-10-NA) EUROCAT is an extension of the ICD-10 Chapter , which covers congenital disorders. National versions Several countries have developed their own version of WHO-FIC publications, which go beyond a local language translation. Many of these are based on the ICD: ICD-9-CM was the US' adaptation of ICD-9 and was maintained for use until September 2015. Starting on October 1, 2015, the Centers for Medicare and Medicaid Services (CMMS) granted physicians a one-year grace period to begin using ICD-10-CM, or they would be denied Medicare Part B claims. ICD-10-CM was developed by the US' Centers for Medicare and Medicaid Services (CMS) and the National Center for Health Statistics (NCHS), and has been in use in the US since October 2015replacing ICD-9-CM. ICD-10-AM was published by Australia's National Centre for Classification in Health in 1998 and has since been adopted by a number of other countries. Related classifications