being overthrown by the Habsburg king Rudolf I of Germany at the Battle on the Marchfeld in 1278. As the last Babenberg duke, Frederick the Quarrelsome signifies the end of an era in the history of Austria, beginning with the enfeoffment of Margrave Leopold I in 976. With his overambitious plans, which were frequently foiled by his erratic character, he somewhat resembled his later Habsburg successor Duke Rudolf IV. According to the 18th century historian Chrysostomus Hanthaler, Frederick was the first Austrian duke utilizing the red-white-red coat of arms after his accession—an attempt to prevail against the reluctant local nobles and to stress his autonomy towards Emperor Frederick II. The triband is first documented in a seal on a deed issued on 30 November 1230, confirming the privileges of Lilienfeld Abbey. The medieval chronicler Jans der Enikel reports that the duke appeared in a red-white-red ceremonial dress at his 1232 accolade in the Vienna Schottenstift. References Sources 186 External links Friedrich II. der Streitbare at AEIOU Frederick 2 of Austria Frederick 2 of Austria 13th-century dukes of Austria Frederick 2 Frederick 2 Military personnel killed in action Burials at Heiligenkreuz Abbey