listed S. novae-angliae as Secure (G5) worldwide; Possibly Extirpated (SX) in Oklahoma; Critically Imperiled (S1) in Saskatchewan, Georgia, South Carolina, and Wyoming; Imperiled (S2) in Colorado; and, Vulnerable (S3) in North Carolina. Uses Medicinal Symphyotrichum novae-angliae has been used for various medicinal purposes. In his 1828 Medical Flora, French botanist Constantine Samuel Rafinesque wrote the following about its use to treat skin eruptions, including urushiol-induced contact dermatitis from poison ivy and poison sumac:The A. novanglia is employed in decoction internally, with a strong decoction externally, in many eruptive diseases of the skin: it removes also the poisonous state of the skin caused by Rhus or Shumac. Among Indigenous peoples of North America, it has been documented that the Cherokee have made a poultice of the roots for pain, an infusion of the roots for diarrhea, an infusion of the plant for fever, and have sniffed the ooze from the roots for catarrh. Both the Meskwaki and the Potawatomi have used the plant to revive people: the Meskwaki by smudging, and the Potawatomi through fumigation. The Iroquois have made a decoction of the plant for weak skin and of the roots and leaves for fevers. They have used the plant as a love medicine. Both the Mohawk people and the Iroquois have used an infusion of the whole plant in combination with rhizomes from another plant to treat mothers with intestinal fevers. The Chippewa have smoked the root in pipes to attract game. Gardening Over 70 cultivars have been developed, and about 50 were in commerce . The S. novae-angliae cultivars grow to between in height, with the notable exception of 'Purple Dome', at . Long popular in Europe where it was introduced into cultivation in 1710, New England aster has only more recently become commonly cultivated in North America. Twelve cultivars have received the Royal Horticultural Society's Award of Garden Merit (AGM) , including 'Brunswick' (bright pink), 'Helen Picton' (purple), 'James Ritchie' (deep pink), and 'Rosa Sieger' (rose-pink). Notes Citations References External links New England Aster at Illinois Wildflowers New England Aster at Minnesota Wildflowers New England Aster at Ontario Wildflowers Symphyotrichum novae-angliae at Ladybird Johnson Wildflower Center (wildflower.org) novae-angliae Flora of Eastern Canada Flora of the United States Garden plants of North America Plants used in traditional Native American medicine Plants described in 1753 Taxa named by Carl Linnaeus