the same incident, Muhammad said to Hafsa: Some Islamic scholars point to a different Asbāb al-nuzūl (circumstance of revelation) for the above incident, saying it was only caused by Muhammad drinking honey, as narrated in Sahih al-Bukhari by Muhammed's wife Aisha: However, another narration in Sunan Abu Dawud indicates that drinking honey is a euphemism for sexual intercourse: Al-Tabari lists Maria as both one of Muhammad's wives and his slave, perhaps using "wife" in the sense of one whom Muhammad slept with and who mothered his child. One hadith attributed to Mus‘ab b. ‘Abdullah al-Zubairi states that the two were married, though another rendering of the hadith by Mus‘ab's nephew Zubair b. al-Bakkar makes no mention of marriage.<ref>{{cite book|quote=My uncle related to me saying: The chief of Alexandria Maquqas sent as gifts to the Messenger of Allah (ﷺ), Maria bt. Sham‘un, the Copt, her sister Shirin, and a eunuch named Mabur. The Messenger of Allah (ﷺ) took Maria bt. Sham‘un for himself. She was the mother of (Prophet’s son) Ibrahim. He gifted Shirin to Hassan b. Thabit|author=Zubair b. al-Bakkar|title=al-Muwaffaqiyat'|publisher=‘Alam al-Kitab|year=1996|volume=147}}</ref> Due to the lack of clarity and authenticity of traditional reports, it is difficult for one to find out which report is historically authentic. From an academic point of view, to know whether Maria was Muhammad's concubine or wife may not be possible because many western scholars have questioned the historical reliability of traditional reports on various grounds. (see: Criticism of hadith) See also Aisha bint Abu Bakr List of non-Arab Sahaba Notes References Ibn Ishaq, translate or not. Guillaume (1955). The Life of Muhammad. Oxford University Press. Tabari (1997). Vol. 8 of the Tarikh al-Rusul wa al-Muluk. State University of New York Press. Ibn Saad The Sira of Muhammad''. SeekersHub, Faraz Rabbani Further reading 637 deaths Year of birth unknown Converts to Islam from Christianity Egyptian Copts Egyptian former Christians Former Oriental Orthodox Christians Women companions of the Prophet Non-Arab companions of the Prophet Wives of Muhammad Arabian slaves and freedmen Slave concubines