expanded in the 19th century. This provided pressure for the water turbines and the drinking water supply, while the outflow fed an artificial waterfall at the top of the village. Clapham lies on the Craven Fault zone, a complex geological fault which marks the division of the sandstone rocks of the Bowland area and the limestone of the Ingleborough area. However, the valley of Clapham Beck has cut through the limestone and into the underlying Ordovician basement rocks which produce soils that are acid, not alkaline like those on the limestone. This is beneficial to the many species of rhododendron planted along Clapdale and which would suffer in alkaline soils. Local businesses and amenities The village contains a village hall, the New Inn public house, a community-run shop, a small number of businesses, guest houses, and Ingleborough Hall outdoor education centre. Clapham used to have a CofE Primary School which closed in July 2020. From 1939 until 2000 The Dalesman magazine was based in the village. The car park is run by the Yorkshire Dales National Park, with fees going directly to it. Ingleborough Cave is a show cave open to the public, accessed through the grounds of the Ingleborough Estate. Beyond the show cave a path continues through the gorge of Trow Gill to the well-known vertical pothole Gaping Gill. Local caving clubs set up a winch down Gaping Gill during the Spring and August bank holidays, when it is open to the public. The Cave Rescue Organisation, which serves people and animals above and below ground across a wide area of the Dales, is based in the village. The village is served by Clapham railway station which is situated south-west of the village. Notable people The notable botanist Reginald Farrer (1880–1920) was brought up in Clapham. He collected many species of rhododendrons, shrubs and alpines in China, Tibet and Upper Burma between 1914 and 1920. Many of these were planted on the estate by Farrer. In some places he fired seeds at cliff faces from a shotgun, to give a ‘natural’ spread to his rock plants. In 2015 Historic England commissioned a measured survey and analytical assessment of the fabric, layout and history of Farrer's Clapham garden to inform the future repair and management of the site. Notes References Clapham. Doorway to the Dales promotional leaflet, Clapham development Association External links Clapham village website Ingleborough Cave website Cave