1912 births 2003 deaths 20th-century American composers 20th-century classical composers Twelve-tone and serial composers American classical composers American male classical composers Jewish American classical composers American expatriates in France Musicians from New York City Brandeis University faculty Brooklyn College faculty Fellows of the American Academy of Arts and Sciences Harvard University alumni Mills College faculty New England Conservatory faculty New York University alumni University of Paris alumni Pupils of Darius Milhaud Pupils of Walter Piston 20th-century American male musicians