although the material generally was much less included. A more recent African discovery from Mozambique has also produced tourmaline colored by copper, similar to the Brazilian paraiba. While its colors are somewhat less bright than top Brazilian material, Mozambique paraiba is often less-included and has been found in larger sizes. The Mozambique paraiba material usually is more intensely colored than the Nigerian. Another highly valuable variety is chrome tourmaline, a rare type of dravite tourmaline from Tanzania. Chrome tourmaline is a rich green color due to the presence of chromium atoms in the crystal. Of the standard elbaite colors, blue indicolite gems are typically the most valuable, followed by green verdelite and pink to red rubellite. See also Benjamin Wilson – experimented with the electrical properties of tourmaline References Citations General and cited sources Further reading External links Tourmaline classification Mindat tourmaline group ICA's tourmaline page International Colored Gemstone Association on Tourmaline Farlang historical tourmaline references US localities, antique references Webmineral elbaite page, crystallographic and mineral information on elbaite Tourmaline Characteristics and Geological data Tourmaline History and Lore at GIA.edu Aluminium minerals Cyclosilicates Gemstones Iron minerals Lithium minerals Manganese minerals Minerals in space group 160 Sodium minerals Trigonal minerals