prior to a soul's entry into heaven, a maximum of twelve months is required in order for even the worst soul to be purified. Though the entirety of mourning lasts for twelve months, Kaddish is only recited for eleven months so as to not imply the soul required an entire twelve months of purification. Mourner's prayer Traditionally the true mourner's prayer is known as El Malei Rachamim in Ashkenazi literature and Hashkavah in Sephardic literature. Often the mourner's prayer is mistaken for Kaddish. The recitation of the mourner's prayer is done for the soul of an individual who has died. The prayer itself is an appeal for the soul of the deceased to be given proper rest. Typically recitation of this prayer is done at the graveside during burial, during the unveiling of the tombstone, as in the Yizkor services on Jewish holidays. If the recitation is done as an individual commemoration, the prayer contains the name of the individual who died. However, if the recitation is done in the presence of a group, the prayer will contain a description of the individual who died. Minyan during shiva A minyan is traditionally a quorum of ten or more adult males. Often in Conservative, Reconstructionist, or Reform communities, a minyan is composed of a mix of ten or more adult males and females. During shiva, a minyan will gather at the home of those in mourning for services. The services are similar to those held at a synagogue. During shiva, however, certain prayers or verses are either added or omitted. During the days that the Torah is read in a synagogue, it is likewise read at the shiva home. An effort is made by the community to lend a Torah scroll to the mourner for this purpose. Changes in service during mourning The following changes are made in the Shacharit (morning) prayer, listed by order in the prayer service: Omission of the Priestly Blessing and Hallel on Rosh Chodesh. Omission of Tachanun and Nefilat Appayim; similarly, on Monday & Thursday mornings (before Torah reading), Erech Apayim is omitted. Omission of Psalm 20 Omission of Psalms 90 Addition of Psalm 49 - Redemption of the Soul (): twice per day: mornings, also evenings (Sfard) or Mincha (Ashkenaz). Substitution of Psalm 16 for Psalm 49 on days when Tachanun is omitted Omission of Pitum Haketoret In addition, the following changes are made in