SPACE project to re-examine Gerard O'Neill's 1970s space colony studies in light of the advances made since then. The progress of this effort were detailed in a special edition of the journal in September 2019. Asgardia (nation) – an organization searching to circumvent limitations placed by Outer Space Treaty. The Cyprus Space Exploration Organisation (CSEO) promotes space exploration and colonization, and fosters collaboration in space. Terrestrial analogues to space settlement Many space agencies build testbeds for advanced life support systems, but these are designed for long duration human spaceflight, not permanent colonization. The most famous attempt to build an analogue to a self-sufficient settlement is Biosphere 2, which attempted to duplicate Earth's biosphere. BIOS-3 is another closed ecosystem, completed in 1972 in Krasnoyarsk, Siberia. The Mars Desert Research Station has a habitat for similar reasons, but the surrounding climate is not strictly inhospitable. Devon Island Mars Arctic Research Station, can also provide some practice for off-world outpost construction and operation. In media and fiction Although established space habitats are a stock element in science fiction stories, fictional works that explore the themes, social or practical, of the settlement and occupation of a habitable world are much rarer. Solaris is noted for its critique of space colonization of inhabited planets. At one point, one of the characters says: In 2022 Rudolph Herzog and Werner Herzog presented an in-depth documentary with Lucianne Walkowicz called Last exit: Space. See also Bernal sphere Billionaire space race Colonization of Antarctica Directed panspermia Domed city Extraterrestrial liquid water Extraterrestrial real estate Human outpost Human presence in space Mars analog habitat Mars One Mars to Stay Megastructure NewSpace MELiSSA Ocean colonization O'Neill Cylinder Planetary habitability Solar analog Space archaeology Space habitat Politics of outer space Space law Spome Stanford torus Terraforming Timeline of Solar System exploration Underground city References Further reading Papers Also see Video Posted on the official YouTube channel of Casina Pio IV. Affordable to everyone spaceflight is the key to building a spacefaring civilization. Posted on Vimeo. Science fiction themes Spaceflight concepts Open problems Colonialism