to recover during the Reform and Opening up period (beginning in 1979) after which it experienced increased religious freedom in mainland China. This led to the restoration of many temples and communities, the publishing of Daoist literature and the preservation of Daoist material culture. Several Chinese intellectuals, like Hu Fuchen (Chinese Academy of Social Studies) and Liu Xiaogan (Chinese University of Hong Kong) have worked to developed a "New Daojia" (xin daojia), which parallels the rise of New Confucianism. During the 1980s and 1990s, China experienced the so called Qigong fever, which saw a surge in the popularity of Qigong practice throughout China. During this period many new Daoist and Daoist influenced religions sprung up, the most popular being those associated with Qigong, such as Zangmigong (Tantric Qigong influenced by Tibetan Buddhism), Zhonggong (Central Qigong), and Falungong (which came to be outlawed and repressed by the CCP). Today, Daoism is one of five official recognized religions in the People's Republic of China. In mainland China, the government regulates its activities through the Chinese Taoist Association. Regarding the status of Daoism in mainland China, Kohn writes: Daoist institutions are state-owned, monastics are paid by the government, several bureaus compete for revenues and administrative power, and training centers require courses in Marxism as preparation for full ordination. Still, temple compounds are growing on the five sacred mountains, on Daoist mountains, and in all major cities. The White Cloud Temple at Beijing remains the most important center for the training of Daoist monastics on the mainland, while the five sacred mountains of China also contain influential Daoist centers. Other key sites include: Wudangshan, Mount Longhu, Mount Qiyun, Mount Qingcheng, Mount Tai, Zhongnan mountains, Mount Mao, and Mount Lao. Meanwhile, Daoism is also practiced much more freely in Taiwan and Hong Kong, where it is a major religion and retains unique features and movements which differ from mainland Daoism. Daoism is also practiced throughout the wider East Asian cultural sphere. Outside of China, many traditionally Daoist practices have spread, especially through Chinese emigration as well as conversion by non-Chinese. Daoist influenced practices, like Tai Chi and Qigong, are also popular around the world. As such, Daoism is now a diverse "world religion" with a global distribution. During the late 20th century, Daoism also began to spread to the Western world, leading to various forms of Daoist communities in the West, with Daoist publications, websites,