goodness of the universe in the face of evil, and an anthropodicy attempts to justify the fundamental goodness of human nature in the face of the evils produced by humans. Considering the relationship between theodicy and cosmodicy, Johannes van der Ven argued that the choice between theodicy and cosmodicy is a false dilemma. Philip E. Devenish proposed what he described as "a nuanced view in which theodicy and cosmodicy are rendered complementary, rather than alternative concepts". Theologian J. Matthew Ashley described the relationship between theodicy, cosmodicy and anthropodicy: Essential kenosis Essential kenosis is a form of process theology (related to "open theism") that allows one to affirm that God is almighty, while simultaneously affirming that God cannot prevent genuine evil. Because out of love God necessarily gives freedom, agency, self-organization, natural processes, and law-like regularities to creation, God cannot override, withdraw, or fail to provide such capacities. Consequently, God is not culpable for failing to prevent genuine evil. The work of Thomas Jay Oord explains this view most fully. Gijsbert van den Brink effectively refutes any view which says God has restricted his power because of his love saying it creates a "metaphysical dualism", and it would not alleviate God's responsibility for evil because God could have prevented evil by not restricting himself. Van den Brink goes on to elaborate an explanation of power and love within the Trinitarian view which equates power and love, and what he calls "the power of love" as representative of God's involvement in the struggle against evil. See also Augustinian theodicy Dystheism Irenaean theodicy Misotheism Problem of hell Global justice Theodicy and the Bible Theodicy in Hinduism Utilitarianism Citations General and cited references Assman, Jan (2001). The Search for God in Ancient Egypt trans. David Lorton. Cornell University Press Birnbaum, David (1989). God and Evil. Ktav Publishing House Inati, Shams C. (2000). The Problem of Evil: Ibn Sînâ's Theodicy. . Global Academic Publishing, Binghamton University, New York. Neiman, Susan. Evil in Modern Thought: An Alternative History of Philosophy, 2002, Princeton: Princeton University Press. Revised edition, 2015. Oord, Thomas Jay (2015), The Uncontrolling Love of God. Intervarsity Academic. External links Brown, Paterson. "Religious Morality", Mind, 1963. Brown, Paterson. "Religious Morality: A Reply to Flew and Campbell", Mind, 1964. Brown, Paterson. "God and the Good", Religious Studies, 1967. Theodicy at New Advent Why Does God Allow It? Article discussing men's responsibility on the one hand and