expense of maintenance and the regulatory controls required on nuclear systems and fuel cycles. Locomotives A steam turbine locomotive engine is a steam locomotive driven by a steam turbine. The first steam turbine rail locomotive was built in 1908 for the Officine Meccaniche Miani Silvestri Grodona Comi, Milan, Italy. In 1924 Krupp built the steam turbine locomotive T18 001, operational in 1929, for Deutsche Reichsbahn. The main advantages of a steam turbine locomotive are better rotational balance and reduced hammer blow on the track. However, a disadvantage is less flexible output power so that turbine locomotives were best suited for long-haul operations at a constant output power. Testing British, German, other national and international test codes are used to standardize the procedures and definitions used to test steam turbines. Selection of the test code to be used is an agreement between the purchaser and the manufacturer, and has some significance to the design of the turbine and associated systems. In the United States, ASME has produced several performance test codes on steam turbines. These include ASME PTC 6–2004, Steam Turbines, ASME PTC 6.2-2011, Steam Turbines in Combined Cycles, PTC 6S-1988, Procedures for Routine Performance Test of Steam Turbines. These ASME performance test codes have gained international recognition and acceptance for testing steam turbines. The single most important and differentiating characteristic of ASME performance test codes, including PTC 6, is that the test uncertainty of the measurement indicates the quality of the test and is not to be used as a commercial tolerance. See also Balancing machine Mercury vapour turbine Steam engine Tesla turbine References Notes Sources Further reading External links Steam Turbines: A Book of Instruction for the Adjustment and Operation of the Principal Types of this Class of Prime Movers by Hubert E Collins Steam Turbine Construction at Mike's Engineering Wonders Tutorial: "Superheated Steam" Flow Phenomenon in Steam Turbine Disk-Stator Cavities Channeled by Balance Holes Guide to the Test of a 100 K.W. De Laval Steam Turbine with an Introduction on the Principles of Design circa 1920 Extreme Steam- Unusual Variations on The Steam Locomotive Interactive Simulation of 350MW Steam Turbine with Boiler developed by The University of Queensland, in Brisbane Australia "Super-Steam...An Amazing Story of Achievement" Popular Mechanics, August 1937 1884 introductions Arab inventions Egyptian inventions English inventions Turbine Turbine 19th-century inventions