foreign-language edition appeared: In 1968, an Italian edition, Le Scienze, was launched, and a Japanese edition, , followed three years later. A new Spanish edition, Investigación y Ciencia was launched in Spain in 1976, followed by a French edition, , in France in 1977, and a German edition, , in Germany in 1978. A Russian edition V Mire Nauki () was launched in the Soviet Union in 1983, and continues in the present-day Russian Federation. Kexue (科学, "Science" in Chinese), a simplified Chinese edition launched in 1979, was the first Western magazine published in the People's Republic of China. Founded in Chongqing, the simplified Chinese magazine was transferred to Beijing in 2001. Later in 2005, a newer edition, Global Science (环球科学), was published instead of Kexue, which shut down due to financial problems. A traditional Chinese edition, known as , was introduced to Taiwan in 2002. The Hungarian edition Tudomány existed between 1984 and 1992. In 1986, an Arabic edition, , was published. In 2002, a Portuguese edition was launched in Brazil. Today, Scientific American publishes 18 foreign-language editions around the globe: Arabic, Brazilian Portuguese, Simplified Chinese, Traditional Chinese, Czech, Dutch, French, German, Greek, Hebrew, Italian, Japanese, Korean, Lithuanian (discontinued after 15 issues), Polish, Romanian, Russian, and Spanish. From 1902 to 1911, Scientific American supervised the publication of the Encyclopedia Americana, which during some of that period was known as The Americana. Some famous individuals who penned articles in the magazine included Albert Einstein, Thomas Edison, Jonas Salk, Marie Curie, Stephen Hawking, Franklin D. Roosevelt, Stephen Jay Gould, Bill Gates, Nikola Tesla, and more. Editors Rufus Porter (1792–1884), first editor (1845–1847) Orson Desaix Munn (1824–1907), second editor (1847–1907) Charles Allen Munn (1859–1924), third editor (1907–1924) Orson Desaix Munn II (1883–1958), fourth editor (1924–1947) Dennis Flanagan (1919–2005), fifth editor (1947–1984). Jonathan Piel, sixth editor-in-chief (1984–1994) John Rennie, seventh editor-in-chief (1994–2009) Mariette DiChristina, eighth editor-in-chief (2009–2019) Laura Helmuth, ninth editor-in-chief (April 2020 – present) Special issues Communications, Computers, and Networks – September 1991 Website In March 1996, Scientific American launched its own website that included articles from current and past issues, online-only features, daily news, special reports, and trivia, among other things. The website introduced a paywall in April 2019, with readers able to view a few articles for free each month. Columns Notable features have included: Martin Gardner's Mathematical Games column Douglas Hofstadter's Metamagical Themas The Amateur Scientist column A. K.