The sap beetles, also known as Nitidulidae, are a family of beetles. They are small (2–6 mm) ovoid, usually dull-coloured beetles, with knobbed antennae. Some have red or yellow spots or bands. They feed mainly on decaying vegetable matter, over-ripe fruit, and sap. Sap beetles coexist with fungi species and live in habitats of coniferous trees. They are found all across Europe and Siberia and are the biggest nutudulid species known in those areas. There are a few pest species. An example of a pest species is the strawberry sap beetle that infest crops in Brazil between the months of August and February. the picnic beetle, Glischrochilus quadrisignatus the dusky sap beetle, Carpophilus lugubris the strawberry sap beetle, Stelidota geminata the small hive beetle, Aethina tumida The oldest unambiguous fossils of the family date to the Early Cretaceous, belonging to the genus Crepuraea from the Aptian aged Zaza Formation of Russia. Classification The family includes these genera: Subfamily Calonecrinae Kirejtshuk, 1982 Subfamily Maynipeplinae Kirejtshuk, 1998 Subfamily Epuraeinae Kirejtshuk, 1986 Subfamily Carpophilinae Erichson, 1842 Carpophilus Stephens, 1830 Epuraea Erichson, 1843 Urophorus Murray, 1864 Subfamily Amphicrossinae Kirejtshuk, 1986 Subfamily Meligethinae Thomson, 1859 Meligethes Stephens, 1830 Pria Stephens, 1830 Subfamily Nitidulinae Latreille, 1802 Amphotis Erichson, 1843 Cychramus Kugelann, 1794 Cyllodes Erichson, 1843 Ipidia Erichson, 1843 Nitidula Fabricius, 1775 Omosita Erichson, 1843 Physoronia Reitter, 1884 Pocadius Erichson, 1843 Soronia Erichson, 1843 Thalycra Erichson, 1843 Tumida Murray, 1867 Subfamily Cillaeinae Kirejtshuk & Audisio, 1986 Cillaeopeplus Sharp, 1908 Subfamily Cryptarchinae Thomson, 1859 Cryptarcha Shuckard, 1839 Glischrochilus Reitter, 1873 Pityophagus Shuckard, 1839 Subfamily Cybocephalinae Jacquelin du Val, 1858 (now frequently elevated to family status as Cybocephalidae) Cybocephalus Erichson, 1844 Pastillus Endrödy-Younga, 1962 Subfamily Prometopinae Prometopia incertae sedis Apetinus Conotelus Cyrtostolus Eunitidula Eupetinus Gonioryctus Goniothorax Haptoncus Kateretes Nesapterus Nesopetinus Notopeplus Orthostolus Stelidota Urophorus References External links sap beetles of Florida on the UF / IFAS Featured Creatures Web site Keys for the identification of British Nitidulidae (the pollen beetles)